ANA MARÍA, ESPINOZA CATALÁN
Preferred name
ANA MARÍA, ESPINOZA CATALÁN
Main Affiliation
ORCID
0000-0002-1385-2830
9 results
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Item type:Publication, The influence of parent’s expectations and children’s early skills on children’s future STEM career prospects(2024) ;María Francisca Morales ;María Francisca del RíoIntroduction: This paper investigates indicators of STEM career expectations among middle school children in Chile, with a focus on the roles of parental career expectations and children’s early skills (communication, cognitive, socio-emotional skills, and executive functions), and the moderating effects of gender and family socioeconomic status. Method: Using data from the Chilean ‘Encuesta Longitudinal de la Primera Infancia’ 2017 wave, the study involved 2959 children from 10 to 12 years of age. Both children’s and parents’ career expectations were measured through open questions. The assessment of the same children’s early skills was conducted in the 2012 wave when the children were from five to seven years of age, using the Battelle Developmental Inventory and the Backward Digit Span tests. Results: Findings revealed that boys, especially those with mothers with higher educational levels who have STEM expectations for their children, are more likely to expect to continue STEM careers in the future. A significant moderation effect was also found, indicating that parental expectations have a stronger association with girls’ and lower-middle SES children’s STEM career preferences. No significant results were observed for children’s early skills on later STEM career expectations.Conclusions: The study suggests that educational strategies involving family engagement are important for fostering equitable STEM career opportunities.12 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
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Item type:Publication, Effects of Sex, Gender Stereotypes and Gender Identity in Male and Female Students’ Reading Motivation(Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, 2024); ;Katherine StrasserHéctor CarvachoThis study aimed to enhance our understanding of the biological sex gap in the reading motivation of students by focusing on the role of gender variables. 303 Chilean secondary students (51% female) completed self-report questionnaires. Structural equation models were employed to assess whether gender identity mediated the relationship between biological sex and reading motivation (reading self-concept and value) and to examine the differential effects of gender identity and reading-gender stereotypes on the reading motivation of male and female students. The results indicated direct effects of biological sex but no indirect effects. Multi-group analysis revealed that for female students, adherence to reading-gender stereotypes positively influenced reading self-concept, whereas for males, it negatively affected reading value. Implications for promoting equity in the teaching and learning of reading in secondary education are discussed.Scopus© Citations 1 5 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
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Item type:Publication, Predictors and outcomes associated with early math anxiety: Parental factors, working memory and math performance(Elsevier BV, 2025-07) ;María Francisca del Río ;María Francisca Morales ;María Inés Susperreguy9 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Math-gender stereotypes in Chile: Identification of associated factors across youth and adults(Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, 2025) ;Maria Francisca Morales Larrazabal; María Francisca del RíoMath-gender stereotypes that associate math more with males than females are a contributing factor to the underrepresentation of women in STEM fields. Given the pronounced gender disparities in math achievements in Chile, this study investigates these stereotypes within the Chilean context, examining their incidence and associated factors in two distinct age groups: adults and youth. Participants included adults (n = 5,038) and youth (n = 846) from the Encuesta Nacional de Percepción Social de la Ciencia, Tecnología, Conoci- miento e Innovación study. Information on math-gender stereotypes, sociode- mographics, and science perceptions were collected via participants’ reports. Logistic regression analyses using sampling weights were conducted in the two groups. Adults exhibited significantly higher levels of math-gender stereotypes compared to youth. Both groups shared factors associated with the probability of endorsing stereotypes (educational level, socioeconomic status, perception towards science). Conversely, sex emerged as a significant predictor for youth but not for adults. Findings suggest that math-gender stereotypes persist at different age groups in Chile, albeit with varying degrees. Socioeconomic disparities and the value towards science emerged as significant precursors across all groups.Scopus© Citations 2 5 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Stereotyped perceptions of readers: an experimental vignette study with high school students and teachers(Elsevier BV, 2025); ;Katherine Strasser ;Ursula KesselsMaría Francisca Morales3 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Sex Gaps in Early Math Skills: Findings in Early Childhood Education in a Post-Pandemic Context in Chile(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-07-26) ;Llery Ponce; Jairo A. Navarrete-Ulloa6