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    Psychometric Properties of the School Sense of Community Scale (SOC-S) for a Sample of Chilean Adolescents
    (SAGE Publications, 2025-05-22)
    Mariavictoria Benavente
    ;
    CHUECAS JOFRE, MARIA JOSEFINA  
    ;
    ALFARO INZUNZA, JAIME ANDRES  
    ;
    Alejandra Galdames
    ;
    DITZEL LACOA, ANA LORETO  
    This study assesses the psychometric properties of the Sense of Community Scale in School (SOC-S), among 1027 seventh-grade primary school students (M = 12.5; SD = 0.69) in urban schools in Chile. The results affirm the multidimensional conceptualization of the sense of community, aligning with the theory proposed by McMillan and Chavis (1986), encompassing the dimensions of membership, emotional connection, and opportunities. The research validates the factorial structure, reliability, and convergent validity of the SOC-S, supporting its applicability across different cultural contexts. This study contributes to the field of educational psychology by validating a useful tool for measuring the sense of community in schools, facilitating the identification of improvement areas to strengthen relationships and well-being.
    Scopus© Citations 1  16
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    Concordance of Helicobacter pylori Detection Methods in Symptomatic Children and Adolescents
    (MDPI AG, 2025-03-04)
    Camila Cabrera
    ;
    Yanira Campusano
    ;
    Joaquín Torres
    ;
    Dinka Ivulic
    ;
    Valeria Galvez
    Background: Helicobacter pylori is the most prevalent chronic bacterial infection globally, acquired mostly during childhood. It is associated with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer. Due to challenges in culturing H. pylori, diagnostic reference standards often rely on combining ≥2 non-culture, biopsy-based methods. Histology with Giemsa staining is widely used in clinical settings due to its low cost and reliable performance. Methods: This study evaluated the concordance between histology with Giemsa staining as the reference standard and other diagnostic methods, including the rapid urease test (RUT), ureA RT-PCR, 16S sequencing, and anti-H. pylori serum IgG. Positive percent of agreement (PPA), negative percent of agreement (NPA) and concordance kappa index were calculated. Results: A total of 120 patients (41 positive and 79 negative by Giemsa staining) were analyzed. Among the methods tested, RT-PCR for ureA showed the best performance (PPA = 94.7%, NPA = 98.6%, kappa = 0.939), while RUT underperformed compared with expectations (PPA = 65.9%, NPA = 97.5%, kappa = 0.681). Serology had the lowest performance (PPA = 53.7%, NPA = 96.1%, kappa = 0.548). Conclusions: The combination of histology with Giemsa staining and ureA RT-PCR achieved the highest detection rate and strongest agreement.</jats:p>
      1
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    An Intersectional Approach to the Understandings of Well-being of Latin American Adolescent Migrants Living in Barcelona-Spain
    (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-02-08)
    Gisela Carrillo
    ;
    Moisés Carmona
    ;
    ALFARO INZUNZA, JAIME ANDRES  
    >Research on adolescent migrants has prioritized deficit- and adaptation-based approaches, with scarce attention to non-pathologizing perspectives. Faced with this challenge, the study of this population’s understanding of well-being was articulated as a framework capable of strengthening the available knowledge. Qualitative studies on understandings of well-being have contributed to its perception as contextual, multifaceted and changing (Fattore et al., 2021). However, as Hunner-Kreisel and März (<jats:italic>Child Indicators Research, 12</jats:italic>(2), 425–442, 2019) posit, progress is still required in integrating critical perspectives. Considering this gap, incorporating the intersectional approach allowed the present study to learn about the understandings of well-being from a critical perspective, with a focus on the experiences in the new local space, elaborated by Latin American adolescent migrants living in Barcelona. These understandings were analyzed and articulated following the proposal of Winker and Degele (<jats:italic>European Journal of Women’s Studies, 18</jats:italic>(1), 51–66, 2011), organized in the levels: identity constructions, symbolic representations and social structures. For the case of adolescent migrants, exploring understandings of well-being from this critical analytical approach strengthens a contextual and historically situated understanding by making oppressions and agencies visible. A qualitative design was used that included semi-structured interviews and the use of photographs as triggers for dialogue with 10 participants between 11 and 18 years of age. The results identify and describe four central understandings of well-being that Latin American adolescent migrants, participants in the study, construct around their new local space: (1) Process of transformations (new identifications, differentiations, belongings) and facing challenges as experiences that enhance a positive sense of self, by perceiving capabilities and growth; (2) Nuclear and extended family as a space of continuity and emotional support; (3) Development of reflective capacity, in terms of comparative analysis between the territory of origin and the new one, generating a sense of understanding of the world and evaluations of present and future living conditions; and (4) Practices that challenge social asymmetry: agency, oriented to include difference; recognition of the relevance of bonds and social support, of linguistic integration and of the inclusive functioning of the school system. This study contributes to advancing critical perspectives on well-being, challenging universalist and psychologistic approaches. The findings offer practical insights for the design of psychosocial interventions and inclusive policies that strengthen adolescents’ agency, promote their inclusion, and address the complex challenges faced by migrant youth in transnational contexts.
      3
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    “Hasta que me embaracé no conocí matrona”: salud sexual y reproductiva de jóvenes mujeres mapuche, Chile
    (FapUNIFESP (SciELO), 2024)
    CARREÑO CALDERON, ALEJANDRA ANGELICA  
    ;
    OBACH KING, ALEXANDRA ALICE  
    ;
    Correa-Matus, Eliana
    <jats:p>Resumen Este estudio pretende explorar la prevención y promoción de salud sexual y reproductiva en jóvenes mapuche de entre 18 y 24 años, indagando en las relaciones que establecen con el sistema de salud biomédico y en los desafíos para la inclusión de la interculturalidad en las prestaciones dirigidas a esta población. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa de estudio de caso. Se aplicaron 32 entrevistas en profundidad a jóvenes mapuche de sectores rurales y urbanos de la región de la Araucanía, Chile. Se identifica la persistencia un abordaje sanitario que carece de herramientas interculturales y de enfoque de derechos sexuales y reproductivos. Las jóvenes reportan falta de acceso a educación sexual tanto por la distancia que establecen con los servicios biomédicos de atención primaria como por las dificultades de hablar de sexualidad con los adultos de sus comunidades. Se concluye que persisten inequidades en el derecho a la salud sexual y reproductiva de jóvenes indígenas, especialmente en mujeres. Es necesario incorporar el enfoque intercultural y de derechos en la formulación de políticas públicas para esta población. Tales intervenciones requieren ser diseñadas e implementadas involucrando tanto a la población joven como a los agentes de salud de sus comunidades de origen.</jats:p>
      3
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    Scopus© Citations 1  2
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    Different Safety Pattern of an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (CoronaVac®) According to Age Group in a Pediatric Population from 3 to 17 Years Old, in an Open-Label Study in Chile
    (2023)
    Nicole Le Corre
    ;
    Katia Abarca
    ;
    Patricio Astudillo
    ;
    Marcela Potin
    ;
    Sofía López
    <jats:p>During the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of vaccinating children against SARS-CoV-2 was rapidly established. This study describes the safety of CoronaVac® in children and adolescents between 3- and 17-years-old in a multicenter study in Chile with two vaccine doses in a 4-week interval. For all participants, immediate adverse events (AEs), serious AEs (SAEs), and AEs of special interest (AESIs) were registered throughout the study. In the safety subgroup, AEs were recorded 28 days after each dose. COVID-19 surveillance was performed throughout the study. A total of 1139 individuals received the first and 1102 the second dose of CoronaVac®; 835 were in the safety subgroup. The first dose showed the highest number of AEs: up to 22.2% of participants reported any local and 17.1% systemic AE. AEs were more frequent in adolescents after the first dose, were transient, and mainly mild. Pain at the inoculation site was the most frequent AE for all ages. Fever was the most frequent systemic AE for 3–5 years old and headache in 6–17 years old. No SAEs or AESIs related to vaccination occurred. Most of the COVID-19 cases were mild and managed as outpatients. CoronaVac® was safe and well tolerated in children and adolescents, with different safety patterns according to age.</jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 3  3
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      2Scopus© Citations 17
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    Scopus© Citations 9  5
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      3