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Psychiatric genetics in the diverse landscape of Latin American populations
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-04-02)
Estela M. Bruxel
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Diego L. Rovaris
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Sintia I. Belangero
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Gabriela Chavarría-Soley
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Alfredo B. Cuellar-Barboza
4
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Unravelling the potential relationship between the climate crisis and the health of migrant children in LAC: perceptions from migrant parents and healthcare professionals in Chile
(BMJ, 2024-12)
CARREÑO CALDERON, ALEJANDRA ANGELICA
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Alice Bluckaz
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CABIESES VALDES, BALTICA BEATRIZ
<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction</jats:title><jats:p>Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is one of the regions most affected by the climate crisis, which is connected to international migration through a complex nexus. During the last years, migratory flows on the continent have increasingly included children and adolescents who are migrating through non-authorised crossing points. The existing literature shows how inequities negatively affect migrant children and the role that healthcare systems can play to mitigate them.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>Based on a qualitative study, the paper aims to analyse the role of the climate crisis on the healthcare needs of migrant children from LAC who are currently living in Chile, from the point of view of parents from five main countries of immigration in Chile and healthcare professionals.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method</jats:title><jats:p>An exploratory study was conducted in Arica, Antofagasta and Santiago. In-depth interviews with 20 migrant parents and 20 healthcare professionals were carried out. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and a thematic analysis was performed.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Three findings emerged from this study: (1) food insecurity affects LAC migrant children in their country of origin and during their migratory trajectories to Chile, (2) natural disasters and environmental degradation in the countries of origin are not the only drivers of migration for LAC families but also prevent returns, even when they remain undocumented and (3) LAC migrant children are exposed to urban pollution and contaminants in informal settlements due to difficulties in accessing formal housing, among others.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>The climate crisis must be integrated into the study of migrant health in LAC, considering the current context of multiple political, health and economic crises in the region. Healthcare professionals and communities play a central role in creating interventions to build sustainable and resilient universal healthcare systems.</jats:p></jats:sec>
Scopus© Citations 1 1
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Disparities in Stroke Incidence Over Time by Sex and Age in Latin America and the Caribbean Region 1997 to 2021: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
(2023)
Marilaura Nuñez
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Carlos Delfino
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Claudia Asenjo‐Lobos
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SCHILLING REDLICH, ANDREA INGRID
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LAVADOS GERMAIN, PABLO MANUEL
<jats:sec sec-type="background" xml:lang="en"> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p xml:lang="en">High‐income country studies show unfavorable trends in stroke incidence (SI) in younger populations. We aimed to estimate temporal change in SI disaggregated by age and sex in Latin America and the Caribbean region.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec xml:lang="en"> <jats:title>Methods and Results</jats:title> <jats:p xml:lang="en"> A search strategy was used in MEDLINE, WOS, and LILACS databases from 1997 to 2021, including prospective population‐based observational studies with first‐ever stroke incidence in Latin America. Reports without data broken down by age and sex were excluded. Risk of bias was assessed with The Joanna Briggs Institute's guide. The main outcomes were incidence rate ratio and relative temporal trend ratio of SI, comparing time periods before 2010 with after 2010. Pooled relative temporal trend ratios considering only studies with 2 periods in the same population were calculated by random‐effects meta‐analysis. Meta‐regression analysis was used to evaluate incidence rate determinants. From 9242 records identified, 6 studies were selected including 4483 first‐ever stroke in 4 101 084 individuals. Crude incidence rate ratio in younger subjects (<55 years) comparing before 2010:after 2010 periods showed an increase in SI in the past decade (incidence rate ratio, 1.37 [95% CI, 1.23–1.50]), in contrast to a decrease in older people during the same period (incidence rate ratio, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.76–0.89]). Overall relative temporal trend ratio (<55:≥55 years) was 1.65 (95 CI%, 1.50–1.80), with higher increase in young women (pooled relative temporal trend ratio, 3.08 [95% CI, 1.18–4.97]; <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> for heterogeneity <0.001). </jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec xml:lang="en"> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p xml:lang="en">An unfavorable change in SI in young people, especially in women, was detected in population‐based studies in the past decade in Latin America and the Caribbean. Further investigation of the explanatory variables is required to ameliorate stroke prevention and inform local decision‐makers.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec xml:lang="en"> <jats:title>Registration</jats:title> <jats:p xml:lang="en"> URL: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/">https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/</jats:ext-link> Identifier: CRD42022332563. </jats:p> </jats:sec>
7Scopus© Citations 5
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Burns: Why give special attention to adolescents in Latin America and the Caribbean from a primary health prevention perspective?
(2023)
Alice Blukacz
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Rodrigo Fuentes
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CABIESES VALDES, BALTICA BEATRIZ
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OBACH KING, ALEXANDRA ALICE
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Carmina Domic
<jats:p>The existing evidence on burns in the underage population has focused mainly on children under ten years, leaving behind the age group defined as "adolescents" by the World Health Organization. However, adolescents present their own characteristics that differentiate them from their younger counterparts. These differences are relevant from a primary prevention perspective, focusing on preventing illness or injury. In this context, this article reflects on why adolescents need special attention in the primary prevention of burns in Latin America and the Caribbean. First, burn scenarios in adolescents are often linked to participation in risky activities due to pressure, social desirability, or low perception of the associated risks. Second, it is essential to emphasize that adolescents may experience social vulnerability, which entails a higher risk of suffering an intentional or unintentional burn. Third, the risk of burns in adolescents may be related to mental health and self-harm scenarios. These aspects need to be investigated through both quantitative and qualitative studies to design and implement primary prevention strategies relevant to this population group in the region.</jats:p>
4Scopus© Citations 1
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Dementia caregiving across Latin America and the Caribbean and brain health diplomacy
(2021)
Agustin Ibáñez
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Stefanie Danielle Pina-Escudero
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Katherine L Possin
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Yakeel T Quiroz
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Fernando Aguzzoli Peres
Scopus© Citations 49 1
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Food Parenting Practices and Feeding Styles and Their Relations with Weight Status in Children in Latin America and the Caribbean
(2022)
Luisa Pérez
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Marcela Vizcarra
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Sheryl O. Hughes
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Maria A. Papaioannou
<jats:p>While a growing body of literature looks at the associations between food parenting practices, and feeding styles, and child’s weight status in developed countries, little is known for less developed countries, in general, and the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region, in particular. This study systemically reviews and synthesizes existing evidence on the associations between child caregivers’ food parenting practices and feeding styles and 2 to 12-year-old child weight status. Keywords were used to search in PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Among the ten eligible articles, all of them reported significant associations between food parenting practices and feeding styles and child weight status. Existing studies have limitations, mainly related to cross-sectional convenience samples, which limit the generalization of the results. Additionally, small sample, heterogeneous feeding measures and weight related outcomes were other limitations. Future research is needed to understand caregiver–child interactions in the food situation and its link to child weight status in 2 to 12-year-old children in areas of LAC with diverse forms of malnutrition and contextual factors of countries.</jats:p>
10Scopus© Citations 12
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Multidimensional Clinical Assessment in Frontotemporal Dementia and Its Spectrum in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Narrative Review and a Glance at Future Challenges
(2022)
Fernando Henríquez
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Victoria Cabello
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Sandra Baez
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Leonardo Cruz de Souza
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Patricia Lillo
<jats:p>Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the third most common form of dementia across all age groups and is a leading cause of early-onset dementia. The Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) includes a spectrum of diseases that are classified according to their clinical presentation and patterns of neurodegeneration. There are two main types of FTD: behavioral FTD variant (bvFTD), characterized by a deterioration in social function, behavior, and personality; and primary progressive aphasias (PPA), characterized by a deficit in language skills. There are other types of FTD-related disorders that present motor impairment and/or parkinsonism, including FTD with motor neuron disease (FTD-MND), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and corticobasal syndrome (CBS). The FTD and its associated disorders present great clinical heterogeneity. The diagnosis of FTD is based on the identification through clinical assessments of a specific clinical phenotype of impairments in different domains, complemented by an evaluation through instruments, i.e., tests and questionnaires, validated for the population under study, thus, achieving timely detection and treatment. While the prevalence of dementia in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is increasing rapidly, there is still a lack of standardized instruments and consensus for FTD diagnosis. In this context, it is important to review the published tests and questionnaires adapted and/or validated in LAC for the assessment of cognition, behavior, functionality, and gait in FTD and its spectrum. Therefore, our paper has three main goals. First, to present a narrative review of the main tests and questionnaires published in LAC for the assessment of FTD and its spectrum in six dimensions: (i) Cognitive screening; (ii) Neuropsychological assessment divided by cognitive domain; (iii) Gait assessment; (iv) Behavioral and neuropsychiatric symptoms; (v) Functional assessment; and (vi) Global Rating Scale. Second, to propose a multidimensional clinical assessment of FTD in LAC identifying the main gaps. Lastly, it is proposed to create a LAC consortium that will discuss strategies to address the current challenges in the field.</jats:p>
1 4Scopus© Citations 18
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Infectious and non-infectious diseases burden among Haitian immigrants in Chile: a cross-sectional study
(2020)
Francisco Fuster
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Felipe Peirano
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José Ignacio Vargas
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Francisco Xavier Zamora
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Marcelo López-Lastra
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Chile has become a popular destination for migrants from South America and the Caribbean (low- and middle-income countries migration). Close to 200.000 Haitian migrants have arrived in Chile. Infectious and non-infectious disease burden among the Haitian adult population living in Chile is unknown. This study aimed to acquire the basic health information (selected transmissible and non-transmissible conditions) of the Haitian adult population living in Chile. A cross-sectional survey was performed, inviting Haitian-born residents in Chile older than 18 years old. Common conditions and risk factors for disease were assessed, as well as selected transmissible conditions (HIV, HBV, and HCV). 498 participants (60.4% female) from 10 communities in two regions of Chile were surveyed. Most subjects had never smoked (91.5%), and 80% drank less than one alcohol unit per month. The mean BMI was 25.6, with 45% of participants having a normal BMI (20–25). Hypertension was present in 31.5% (33% in the 25–44 age group). Prevalence of HIV was 2.4% (95 CI 1.3–4.2%), hepatitis B (HBsAg positive) was 3.4% (95 CI 2.1–5.5%), and hepatitis C was 0% (95 CI 0.0–0.9%). Quality of life showed a significant prevalence of depression and anxiety markers, particularly in those arriving in Chile less than 1 year ago. Low prevalence of obesity, diabetes, smoking, and drinking and estimated cardiovascular risk were found. Nonetheless, hypertension at a younger age, disproportionately higher prevalence of HIV and HBV infection and frequent markers of anxiety and depression were also found. Public policies for detecting and treating hypertension, HIV, and HBV screening, offering HBV vaccination, and organizing mental health programs for Haitian immigrants, are urgently needed.</jats:p>
20Scopus© Citations 11
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Rol del facilitador intercultural para migrantes internacionales en centros de salud chilenos: perspectivas de cuatro grupos de actores clave
(2019)
Camila Sepúlveda
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CABIESES VALDES, BALTICA BEATRIZ
<jats:p>Objetivo. Indagar la percepción de distintos actores clave en torno al rol de facilitadores interculturales en la atención de salud a personas migrantes haitianas en las comunas de Quilicura y Santiago de Chile. Materiales y métodos. Estudio cualitativo de tipo exploratorio y descriptivo, con diseño de estudio de caso, en centros de salud familiar y hospitales de dos comunas de la Región Metropolitana de Chile. Se utilizó la técnica de entrevistas semiestructuradas a actores claves (autoridades sanitarias, trabajadores de salud, facilitadores interculturales y migrantes internacionales), con transcripción verbatim y análisis temático de contenidos (n=18). Resultados. La percepción del rol de los facilitadores interculturales para la atención de salud de migrantes internacionales está relacionada con funciones en traducción, interpretación, educación del sistema sanitario en Chile, mediación intercultural y labores administrativas. Además, colabora en actividades educativas para migrantes que requieren apoyo con el abordaje de diferencias culturales. Esta visión es compartida por diversos actores clave considerados para el estudio y concordante con la política de salud vigente. Conclusión. Los facilitadores interculturales realizan un aporte al encuentro intercultural en salud en Chile y son testigos de cómo nuestras instituciones se enfrentan a realidades diversas en materia lingüística como sociocultural. Reconocer la importancia del facilitador intercultural en la atención sanitaria con pertinencia intercultural hacia población migrante internacional es un avance social y del sistema de salud chileno, que puede ser replicado a países que enfrentan desafíos similares y no desean ignorar la creciente diversidad social y cultural en región de América Latina y el Caribe, como consecuencia de dinámicas transformaciones de procesos de migración internacional. </jats:p>
Scopus© Citations 14 12

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