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Test de Aprendizaje y Desarrollo Infantil (TADI): Evidencia adicional de su validez a nivel poblacional
(Sociedad Chilena de Pediatria, 2025-02-18)
Marta Edwards
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Iván Armijo
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SCHONHAUT BERMAN, LUISA
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Marcela Pardo
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Antonia Valdés
El “Test de Aprendizaje y Desarrollo Infantil” (TADI) es una escala de tamizaje del desarrollo para niños/as de 6 a 72 meses construida en Chile.Objetivo: Determinar la validez de la primera edición de TADI muestra nivel poblacional.Metodología:Análisis psicométrico secundario de una muestra de 11.283 niños/as chilenos que participaron de la Encuesta Longitudinal de Primera Infancia (ELPI) 2012. Se evaluó validez convergente mediante el Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC), verificado mediante Análisis Factorial Exploratorio (AFE). Se consideraron variables sociales para la validez de constructo. Para la validez concurrente, sensibilidad, especificidad y correlación se tomaron como referencias las pruebas Battelle Developmental Inventory Segunda Edición (BDI-2) y el Test de Vocabulario en Imágenes Peabody (TVIP).Resultados: De los niños evaluados, 12,6% se categorizó en Retraso o Riesgo de Retraso, y 17,3% en categoría Alerta. El AFC arrojó buenos niveles de ajuste del modelo propuesto para los datos de la escala, en particular a edades mayores. El AFE reveló patrones diferentes para distintos rangos etarios. El TADI se correlacionó significativamente con los factores socioeconómicos, como la presencia de materiales de aprendizaje en el hogar, el nivel educativo del cuidador principal, el ingreso económico y la respuesta emocional de la madre. Se encontró correlación moderadamente positiva del TADI con el BDI-2 y el TVIP, con sensibilidad y especificidad cercanos a 0,70 al incluir la categoría Alerta.Conclusiones: Los adecuados valores psicométricos del TADI en una muestra poblacional ratifican su validez como instrumento de tamizaje del desarrollo de niños/as pequeños en Chile.
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Exploring the feasibility and effectiveness of a naturalistic family centered intervention to enhance early interactions in toddlers with Down syndrome
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-04-09)
Ana Mendoza-García
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Andrés Aparicio
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Paulina Sofía Arango
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TENORIO DELGADO, MARCELA
This study analyses the feasibility and effectiveness of BabyMICARE, a manualised intervention programme aimed at improving the interactions between caregivers and infants and toddlers with Down syndrome. The programme’s goal is to enhance caregivers’ sensitivity and reduce directivity during early interactions, particularly during play and daily routines. A pre-test and post-test design was used with 40 dyads of infants with Down syndrome and their caregivers, who were divided into a control group (n = 20) and an intervention group (n = 20), based on baseline scores in key interaction subscales. Sessions were conducted over 10 weeks by trained psychologists. Parent-infant interaction was assessed using the MACI coding system, which measures aspects such as sensitive responsiveness, directivity and the level of reciprocity between the parent and the child. The programme showed high feasibility, with a 100% attendance rate but some rescheduling. Caregivers evaluated it positively. The intervention group demonstrated significant improvements in five of eight MACI scales, particularly in sensitive responsiveness and nondirectiveness, while no changes were observed in the control group. The results suggest that BabyMICARE is a feasible and effective intervention for promoting more responsive, less directive interactions, which may be crucial in fostering children’s development.
3
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Barriers to accessing formal cancer care from the perspective of informal caregivers: a qualitative study
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-04-21)
CAMPAÑA, CARLA
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CABIESES VALDES, BALTICA BEATRIZ
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OBACH KING, ALEXANDRA ALICE
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Francisca Vezzani
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Angela Estay
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Therapeutic trajectories of families with rare diseases in Chile from the perspectives of patients, carers, and healthcare workers: a qualitative study
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-02-25)
CABIESES VALDES, BALTICA BEATRIZ
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OBACH KING, ALEXANDRA ALICE
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Antonia Roberts
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REPETTO LISBOA, MARIA GABRIELA
Background Rare diseases are conditions that have a low prevalence in the population and a high disease burden and are often chronic and progressive. International evidence concerning the experience of people and families living with rare diseases is scarce, leading to late and erroneous diagnoses, as well as non-specific treatments. This study explored the therapeutic trajectories of people and families living with rare diseases within Chile’s public and private healthcare systems from the perspective of patients, caregivers, and medical teams, including the initial symptoms, first consultation, testing, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. Methods A qualitative exploratory study was conducted through multiple case studies. Sixty participants were interviewed in person and/or virtually: patients (n = 16), caregivers (n = 22), healthcare workers (n = 20), and two patient organisation leaders. The material was analysed using thematic analysis. The project was approved by the Scientific Ethics Committee of Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo. Results After similar initial symptoms and first consultation, three main types of trajectories were identified: (i) the path taken by those who reach a diagnosis for a disease that has specific treatment available; (ii) the journey of those who reach a diagnosis for their health condition, but their disease does not have a specific treatment available; and (iii) the trajectory of those who have not reached a diagnosis and receive symptomatic treatments for symptoms. Conclusions The therapeutic trajectories of patients with rare symptoms are similar in terms of initial symptoms and first consultation. However, their paths diverge at the diagnostic stage, with diverse experiences related to these journeys, largely based on having a diagnosis and whether there is a specific treatment. Rare conditions in Chile requires further attention and urgent action that considers those who live with them and their families.
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Navigating Through Innovation in Elderly’s Health: A Scoping Review of Digital Health Interventions
(Frontiers Media SA, 2024-12-19)
HIRMAS ADAUY, MACARENA SOLEDAD
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CASTILLO LABORDE, CARLA CECILIA
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Fernando Soto
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Camila Awad
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Anita Jasmen
<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives</jats:title><jats:p>Comprehensively map and summarize digital health initiatives for the elderly and caregivers.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Scoping review between April and May 2022 based on Joanna Briggs methodology. Databases used included PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL Plus, and Web of Science, along with grey literature and hand searches. Two reviewers independently conducted screening and eligibility phases, with a third resolving disagreements. Data were thematically analyzed.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>The review included 421 documents. Most documents were published between 2013 and 2022, with a recent increase. Most studies, originating from high-income countries, focused on home applications and were mainly in the testing and validation stages. Telephones and computers were the predominant devices. Health objectives included monitoring, prevention, and treatment, with interventions utilizing directed communication and personal health monitoring for individuals, and telemedicine and decision support for healthcare providers.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>Increasing integration of technology in older adults’ lives, along with their increasing proficiency, is driving a significant rise in digital health interventions. Despite this growth, further research in middle- and low-income countries, for caregivers and evaluating effectiveness and feasibility of these technological interventions is needed.</jats:p></jats:sec>
6
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Factors associated with loneliness in Latin-American family care partners during the COVID-19 pandemic
(2024)
Tomas Leon
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Thamara Tapia-Munoz
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SLACHEVSKY CHONCHOL, ANDREA MARÍA
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Bárbara Costa Beber
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Fernando Aguzzoli
<jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>COVID-19-related restrictions led to an increase in overall loneliness and social isolation. Before the pandemic, care partners reported higher levels of loneliness and higher loneliness prevalence compared to non-care partners. Because of the spread and severity of the infections, and the access to support spread, we expect a different impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on LATAM care partners.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives</jats:title><jats:p>To describe the loneliness levels of LATAM caregivers and to identify socioeconomic and health factors associated.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design</jats:title><jats:p>An international online cross-sectional survey for care partners, embedded within the ‘Coping with Loneliness and Isolation during COVID-19’ (CLIC) Study conducted between June 2020– and November 2020.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting</jats:title><jats:p>We analysed data from 246 family care partners living in Latin American countries (46% Mexico, 26% Chile,18% Brazil, and 10% from Argentina, Peru, Venezuela, Panama, Guatemala y Costa Rica).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements</jats:title><jats:p>We assessed loneliness using the 6-items of De Jong Gierveld loneliness Scale. We described the levels of overall, emotional, and social loneliness pre and during Covid, and reported the distribution of care partners who improved, worsened or maintained their levels of loneliness. Moreover, we used longitudinal multiple linear regression models with bootstraps errors of 1,000 iterations to identify factors associated with the levels of overall, emotional, and social loneliness during the pandemic.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Participants were mostly women, 50 years and older, in a partnership, highly educated and with finances meeting their needs, with good to excellent physical and mental health. Among the total of care partners, 55% perceived higher overall loneliness, 56% higher emotional loneliness, and 21% higher social loneliness during the pandemic in comparison with pre-COVID-19 levels. Perceived mental health was associated with the overall, emotional, and social loneliness.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Regardless of their living and health situation, during the pandemic, loneliness increased in all groups of care partners. These should be taken in consideration when planning public health approaches for crises such as pandemics or other large-scale disruptive events.</jats:p></jats:sec>
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Can We Extend the Indications for Multilevel Surgery to Non-Ambulatory Children with Neuromuscular Diseases? A Safety and Efficacy Study
(2023)
María Galán-Olleros
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Ignacio Martínez-Caballero
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Gonzalo Chorbadjian-Alonso
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Rosa M. Egea-Gámez
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David Sánchez-López
<jats:p>A retrospective study that aims to analyze the safety and efficacy of single-event multilevel surgery (SEMLS) involving bifocal femoral osteotomy (BFO) performed in nine non-ambulatory children with neuromuscular diseases (NMD), with a median age of 12.86 years, to resolve both hip subluxation and ipsilateral knee flexion contracture that impaired standing, and to evaluate patient and caregiver satisfaction. Results: Median surgical time was 4 h 15 min (2 h 35 min–5 h 50 min). Hip flexion deformity improved by a median of 30° (15–35), while median improvement in knee flexion deformity was 30° (20–50). Only two patients could use a standing frame prior to surgery, although with increasing difficulty, while all children could use it following SEMLS. Mean follow-up was 27.47 months (24.33–46.9). Significant blood loss requiring transfusion was the only complication recorded (8/9). All caregivers reported slight, moderate, or significant improvement in all domains of the questionnaire, and all would undergo the procedure again and recommend it to others, as nearly all (8/9) were very satisfied. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that SEMLS including BFOs in non-ambulatory children with NMD can correct hip, knee, and foot deformities and simultaneously realign lower limbs to restore functional standing and wheelchair transfer. The functional results, safety, and degree of satisfaction achieved justify offering this strategy to families.</jats:p>
10Scopus© Citations 1
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Patient and Carer Experiences with Bladder Cancer: Results from a Global Survey in 45 Countries
(2023)
Lydia E. Makaroff
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Alex Filicevas
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Shannon Boldon
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Patrick Hensley
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Peter C. Black
7Scopus© Citations 8
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Breaking Down Barriers: Findings from a Literature Review on Housing for People with Disabilities in Latin America
(2023)
VALDERRAMA ULLOA, CLAUDIA ALEJANDRA
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FERRADA CALVO, XIMENA VERÓNICA
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Felipe Herrera
Accessibility to housing is crucial for people with disabilities as it provides them with equal opportunities and allows them to live independently. A systematic literature review has been conducted to understand the current research on accessibility in housing for people with disabilities in Latin America. The study analysed 56 papers and used co-word analysis to identify common themes and topics within the documents. The results of the analysis showed that Brazil (61%) is the country with the most research on the subject, physical disability, at 36%, is the impairment most analysed, and interventions or analysis for the older people (45%) in their homes is the most researched type of population. The co-word analysis revealed that topics such as policy, regulations, the use of technologies, ergonomics interventions, and architectural criteria or barriers to the daily life of disabled people were frequently discussed in the papers. Although this work shows a substantial and growing increase in research on housing for people with disabilities in Latin America, it also demonstrates the importance of increasing research on other types of impairment, such as visual and cognitive-intellectual disabilities, and including children, caregivers, or even young adults.
Scopus© Citations 3 9
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Impact of Social Isolation on People with Dementia and Their Family Caregivers
(2021)
Lílian Viana dos Santos Azevedo
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Ismael Luis Calandri
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SLACHEVSKY CHONCHOL, ANDREA MARÍA
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Héctor Gastón Graviotto
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Maria Carolina Santos Vieira
<jats:p>Background: People with dementia and their family caregivers may face a great burden through social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be manifested as various behavioral and clinical symptoms. Objective: To investigate the impacts of social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with dementia and their family caregivers. Methods: Two semi-structured questionnaires were applied via telephone to family caregivers of people diagnosed with dementia in three cities in Argentina, Brazil, and Chile, in order to assess clinical and behavioral changes in people with dementia and in their caregivers. Results: In general, 321 interviews were conducted. A significant decline in memory function has been reported among 53.0%of people with dementia. In addition, 31.2%of individuals with dementia felt sadder and 37.4%had increased anxiety symptoms. These symptoms of anxiety were greater in individuals with mild to moderate dementia, while symptoms of agitation were greater in individuals with severe dementia. Moreover, compulsive-obsessive behavior, hallucinations, increased forgetfulness, altered appetite, and increased difficulty in activities of daily living were reported more frequently among individuals with moderate to severe dementia. Caregivers reported feeling more tired and overwhelmed during this period and these symptoms were also influenced by the severity of dementia. Conclusion: Social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic triggered a series of negative behavioral repercussions, both for people with dementia and for their family caregivers in these three South American countries.</jats:p>
Scopus© Citations 56 10

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