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    Exoesqueletos: ¿Estamos ignorando su potencial para el futuro de la movilidad asistida?
    (SciELO Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (ANID), 2024-10)
    Cristian Muñoz Rivera
    ;
    ;
    Jorge Contreras Gutiérrez
      1
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    Measuring the performance of project risk management: a preliminary model
    The function of project risk management (PRM) is to understand the uncertainty that surrounds a project and to identify the potential threats than can affect it as well as to know how to handle these risks in an appropriate way. Then, the measurement of the performance of PRM becomes an important concern, an issue that has not yet been addressed in the research literature. It is necessary to know how successful the application of the PRM process is and how capable is the process within the organization. Regarding construction projects, it is essential to know whether the selected responses to mitigate or eliminate identified risks were suitable and well implemented after the execution of the project. This paper presents a critical analysis of the relevance of measuring the performance of PRM and the benefits of doing so. Additionally, it presents a preliminary and pioneering methodology to measure the performance of PRM through the evaluation of the adequacy of responses applied to mitigate risks as well as to evaluate the resulting impacts as indicators of the effectiveness of these actions at the end of the project. This knowledge will allow construction companies to incorporate good practices, generate lessons learned, and thereby to promote a continuous improvement of the whole PRM process.
      1Scopus© Citations 6  1
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      6
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    Economic and Technical Analysis of Universal Accessibility in Social and Private Housing in Chile
    (2020) ;
    C Valderrama
    ;
    C Fuentes-Contreras
    According to studies of accessibility in Chile show that the country is aging, by 2050 the population of the third age will increase to more than double where, in addition, the third of that group will develop some type of disability, with the physical type prevailing. Under this problem, Chile has modified his regulatory building body (OGUC) in 2016 establishing new design standards in order to have homes with basic characteristics of accessibility universal. But these modifications are not retroactive in housing policy. Because of this, the present study analyzes the incorporation of accessibility standards into social and private housing that are already built. Technically, it discusses basic solutions to comply with the regulatory approaches and then analyze the economic impact of the solutions, along with the modifications of non-structural elements for regulatory compliance without changing the useful surface of the housing. Showing to achieve accessibility in an existing private home the cost can increase by 0.08 UF/m2 and for social housing by 0.05 UF/m2. The study shows that with a good projection of the evolution of the people who will inhabit the houses, in conjunction with decisions from the design stage, they can have affordable housing at a low cost preventing the owner have to make large investments for adapt his house to any situation of disability that may be present throughout life. © 2020 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.
      2Scopus© Citations 6
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    Sleep duration and fatigue in construction workers: A preliminary study
    (2021) ;
    Silvia Barrios
    ;
    Patricia Masalan
    ;
    Solange Campos-Romero
    ;
    Juan Carrillo
    The construction industry is known for its high rate of accidents. Among the different possible causes of this situation, we could find lack of sleep and fatigue. Chronic sleep deprivation is a determining factor in the deterioration of vigilance and alert, and consequently a risk factor for occupational accidents. Fatigue is the answer of our organism to sustained physical and mental stress. Regretfully, those topics have been ovelooked in the construction industry. The objective of this study is to understand better these phenomena, such as sleep duration and fatigue, and whether they are interrelated, and to propose strategies to mitigate them and contribute to the reduction of accidents in construction projects. We worked with 154 male construction workers from one Chilean construction company. To assess sleep quality, we used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). To evaluate fatigue, we used a personal computer version of the Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PC-PVT) that measures alertness and vigilance. This 5-minute test was performed on construction workers on-site in the morning. Those people who took part in the test were classified into various groups according to self-reported sleep hours, namely: 7–9 h (26%), 5–7 h (61.7%), and <5 h (12.3%). These results were compared for three variables (Mean Reaction Time (RT), 10% faster, and 10% slower) using an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test. Differences were found for Mean RT and Slowest 10%, the difference being greater in the group that reported sleeping <5 h, but without statistical significance. Studies with a greater number of subjects and measurements are required throughout the working day.
    Scopus© Citations 10  1
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    Sleep Quality and Fatigue in Construction Workers
    (2022)
    Silvia C. Barrios Araya
    ;
    Maria Patricia Masalan Apip
    ;
    ;
    Solange C. Campos-Romero
    ;
    Yerko P. Molina Muñoz
    Scopus© Citations 1  3
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    Breaking Down Barriers: Findings from a Literature Review on Housing for People with Disabilities in Latin America
    Accessibility to housing is crucial for people with disabilities as it provides them with equal opportunities and allows them to live independently. A systematic literature review has been conducted to understand the current research on accessibility in housing for people with disabilities in Latin America. The study analysed 56 papers and used co-word analysis to identify common themes and topics within the documents. The results of the analysis showed that Brazil (61%) is the country with the most research on the subject, physical disability, at 36%, is the impairment most analysed, and interventions or analysis for the older people (45%) in their homes is the most researched type of population. The co-word analysis revealed that topics such as policy, regulations, the use of technologies, ergonomics interventions, and architectural criteria or barriers to the daily life of disabled people were frequently discussed in the papers. Although this work shows a substantial and growing increase in research on housing for people with disabilities in Latin America, it also demonstrates the importance of increasing research on other types of impairment, such as visual and cognitive-intellectual disabilities, and including children, caregivers, or even young adults.
    Scopus© Citations 3  9
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      1Scopus© Citations 1
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      4