Desarrollo e implementación de un sistema de estimulación magnética transcraneal y de registro electroencefalográfico simultaneo para el estudio de las bases neurobiológicas de procesos cognitivos y la conducta social

Project Title

Partner Organisations

Facultad de Gobierno

Internal ID

EQM150076

Principal Investigator

CARLOS ANDRES RODRIGUEZ SICKERT

Type

basic research

Status

TERMINADO

Start Date

2015

Keywords

Bases neurobiológicas...

Procesos cognitivos

Conducta social

Publications

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7

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White matter volume and microstructural integrity are associated with fatigue in relapsing multiple sclerosis
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-05-12)
FIGUEROA VARGAS, ALEJANDRA MABEL
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Sebastián Navarrete-Caro
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Claudia Cárcamo
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Ethel Ciampi
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Macarena Vásquez-Torres
10
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Another in need enhances prosociality and modulates frontal theta oscillations in young adults
(2023)
Claudio Lavín
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SOTO ICAZA, PATRICIA
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Vladimir López
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BILLEKE BOBADILLA, PABLO ERNESTO
Decision-making is a process that can be strongly affected by social factors. Evidence has shown how people deviate from traditional rational-choice predictions under different levels of social interactions. The emergence of prosocial decision-making, defined as any action that is addressed to benefit another individual even at the expense of personal benefits, has been reported as an example of such social influence. Furthermore, brain evidence has shown the involvement of structures such as the prefrontal cortex, anterior insula, and midcingulate cortex during decision settings in which a decision maker interacts with others under physical pain or distress or while being observed by others.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Using a slightly modified version of the dictator game and EEG recordings, we tested the hypothesis that the inclusion of another person into the decision setting increases prosocial decisions in young adults and that this increase is higher when the other person is associated with others in need. At the brain level, we hypothesized that the increase in prosocial decisions correlates with frontal theta activity.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results and Discussion</jats:title><jats:p>The results showed that including another person in the decision, setting increased prosocial behavior only when this presence was associated with someone in need. This effect was associated with an increase in frontocentral theta-oscillatory activity. These results suggest that the presence of someone in need enhances empathy concerns and norm compliance, raising the participants’ prosocial decision-making.
Scopus© Citations 8 1
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Spatial navigation entropy suggests allocentric dysfunction in PPPD
(Frontiers Media SA, 2025-05-16)
Felipe Faúndez
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Camilo Arévalo-Romero
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Karen Villarroel
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Gustavo Vial
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Claudio Lavín
Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) is a common chronic dizziness disorder with an unclear pathophysiology. It is hypothesized that PPPD may involve functional dysfunction of the construction of inner cognitive maps, leading to disrupted spatial cognition processes as a core feature. The present studies attempt to unravel the neural mechanisms that underlie spatial navigation in PPPD.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Fifty-two participants completed the study: 19 PPPD patients, 20 control subjects with vestibular disorders but without PPPD (with comparable peripheral vestibular function to the PPPD group, and 13 healthy volunteers). All underwent a virtual Morris Water Maze (vMWM) task in both, non-immersive (NI) and virtual reality (VR) modalities, assessing spatial navigation performance, gaze behavior, and head kinematics.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>PPPD patients exhibited significantly worse navigation performance than both control groups across all metrics, with greater impairments in predominantly allocentric tasks. They also showed increased exploratory gaze behavior, unaffected by NI vs. VR modality or task condition. Head kinematics did not significantly differ between the three groups, though a non-significant trend indicated reduced head movement in both PPPD and vestibular controls. VR intolerance was highest in PPPD patients, followed by vestibular controls, with healthy volunteers showing the lowest discomfort.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion</jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest that PPPD involves deficits in allocentric spatial navigation, likely due to predictive coding errors and impaired internal model updating, rather than sensory input dysfunction. Increased gaze scanning may reflect compensatory mechanisms for spatial uncertainty. Notably, VR immersion did not alter navigation performance, suggesting visuo-vestibular conflict is not the primary driver of PPPD-related spatial deficits. These findings offer new insights into PPPD as a disorder of spatial cognition, opening avenues for novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
2
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Functional Dizziness as a Spatial Cognitive Dysfunction
(2023)
Hayo Breinbauer
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Camilo Arévalo-Romero
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Karen Villarroel
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Felipe Faúndez
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Claudio Lavin
<jats:p>(1) Background: Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) is a common chronic dizziness disorder with an unclear pathophysiology. It is hypothesized that PPPD may involve disrupted spatial cognition processes as a core feature. (2) Methods: A cohort of 19 PPPD patients underwent psycho-cognitive testing, including assessments for anxiety, depression, memory, attention, planning, and executive functions, with an emphasis on spatial navigation via a virtual Morris water maze. These patients were compared with 12 healthy controls and 20 individuals with other vestibular disorders but without PPPD. Vestibular function was evaluated using video head impulse testing and vestibular evoked myogenic potentials, while brain magnetic resonance imaging was used to exclude confounding pathology. (3) Results: PPPD patients demonstrated unique impairments in allocentric spatial navigation (as evidenced by the virtual Morris water maze) and in other high-demand visuospatial cognitive tasks that involve executive functions and planning, such as the Towers of London and Trail Making B tests. A factor analysis highlighted spatial navigation and advanced visuospatial functions as being central to PPPD, with a strong correlation to symptom severity. (4) Conclusions: PPPD may broadly impair higher cognitive functions, especially in spatial cognition. We discuss a disruption in the creation of enriched cognitive spatial maps as a possible pathophysiology for PPPD.</jats:p>
Scopus© Citations 3 7
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Lateral prefrontal theta oscillations causally drive a computational mechanism underlying conflict expectation and adaptation
(2024)
María Paz Martínez-Molina
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Gabriela Valdebenito-Oyarzo
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SOTO ICAZA, PATRICIA
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Francisco Zamorano
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Antoni Valero-Cabré
Scopus© Citations 3 8
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The parietal cortex has a causal role in ambiguity computations in humans
(2024)
Gabriela Valdebenito-Oyarzo
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María Paz Martínez-Molina
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SOTO ICAZA, PATRICIA
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Zamorano, Francisco
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César Salinas
<jats:p>Humans often face the challenge of making decisions between ambiguous options. The level of ambiguity in decision-making has been linked to activity in the parietal cortex, but its exact computational role remains elusive. To test the hypothesis that the parietal cortex plays a causal role in computing ambiguous probabilities, we conducted consecutive fMRI and TMS-EEG studies. We found that participants assigned unknown probabilities to objective probabilities, elevating the uncertainty of their decisions. Parietal cortex activity correlated with the objective degree of ambiguity and with a process that underestimates the uncertainty during decision-making. Conversely, the midcingulate cortex (MCC) encodes prediction errors and increases its connectivity with the parietal cortex during outcome processing. Disruption of the parietal activity increased the uncertainty evaluation of the options, decreasing cingulate cortex oscillations during outcome evaluation and lateral frontal oscillations related to value ambiguous probability. These results provide evidence for a causal role of the parietal cortex in computing uncertainty during ambiguous decisions made by humans.</jats:p>
Scopus© Citations 18 11
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Patients recovering from COVID-19 who presented with anosmia during their acute episode have behavioral, functional, and structural brain alterations
(2024)
Leonie Kausel
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FIGUEROA VARGAS, ALEJANDRA MABEL
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José Zamorano-abramson
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STECHER GUZMAN, XIMENA PATRICIA
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Mauricio Aspé-Sánchez
Scopus© Citations 7 7

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