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Project Title
Temporal Characterization of Cultural Communities: A Computational Social Science Approach to Collective Memory and Attention
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11200986
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Linking physical violence to women’s mobility in Chile

2023 , CONTRERAS GÓMEZ, HUGO ALEJANDRO , CANDIA VALLEJOS, CRISTIAN ESTEBAN , TRONCOSO OLCHEVSKAIA, RODRIGO VLADISLAV , FERRES, LEONARDO ADRIÁN , BRAVO CELEDÓN, MARÍA LORETO , Bruno Lepri , RODRÍGUEZ SICKERT, CARLOS ANDRÉS

Despite increased global attention on violence against women, understanding the factors that lead to women becoming victims remains a critical challenge. Notably, the impact of domestic violence on women’s mobility—a critical determinant of their social and economic independence—has remained largely unexplored. This study bridges this gap, employing police records to quantify physical and psychological domestic violence, while leveraging mobile phone data to proxy women’s mobility. Our analyses reveal a negative correlation between physical violence and female mobility, an association that withstands robustness checks, including controls for economic independence variables like education, employment, and occupational segregation, bootstrapping of the data set, and applying a generalized propensity score matching identification strategy. The study emphasizes the potential causal role of physical violence on decreased female mobility, asserting the value of interdisciplinary research in exploring such multifaceted social phenomena to open avenues for preventive measures. The implications of this research extend into the realm of public policy and intervention development, offering new strategies to combat and ultimately eradicate domestic violence against women, thereby contributing to wider efforts toward gender equity.

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Quantifying the selective forgetting and integration of ideas in science and technology.

2021 , CANDIA VALLEJOS, CRISTIAN ESTEBAN , Brian Uzzi

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Citizens at the forefront of the constitutional debate: Voluntary citizen participation determinants and emergent content in Chile

2022 , RAVEAU MORALES, MARÍA PAZ , COUYOUMDJIAN NETTLE, JUAN PABLO , Claudio Fuentes-Bravo , RODRÍGUEZ SICKERT, CARLOS ANDRÉS , CANDIA VALLEJOS, CRISTIAN ESTEBAN , Alessandro Pluchino

In the past few decades, constitution-making processes have shifted from being undertakings performed by elites and closed off from the public to ones incorporating democratic mechanisms. Little is known, however, about the determinants of voluntary public participation and how they affect the outcomes of the deliberative process in terms of content and quality. Here, we study the process of constituent involvement in the rewriting of Chile’s constitution in 2016. A total of 106, 412 citizens in 8, 113 different local encounters voluntarily congregated in groups of ten or more to collectively determine what social rights should be considered for inclusion in the new constitution, deliberating and then articulating in the written word why should be included. We brought our data to statistical regression models at the municipality level, the results show that the main determinants associated with increasing citizen participation are educational level, engagement in politics, support for the government, and Internet access. In contrast, population density and the share of Evangelical Christians in the general population decrease citizen participation. Then, we further analyze the written arguments for each collectively-selected constitutional rights. The findings suggest that groups from socioeconomically developed municipalities (with higher educational levels and where the main economic activities are more distant from natural resources), on average, deliberate consistently more about themes, concepts, and ideas compared to groups from less developed municipalities. These results provide an empirical ground on the driver factors of voluntary citizen participation and on the benefits and disadvantages of deliberative democracy. Hence, results can inform the organization of new deliberative processes.

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Reciprocity heightens academic performance in elementary school students

2022 , CANDIA VALLEJOS, CRISTIAN ESTEBAN , OYARZÚN WOLF, MELANIE ALEJANDRA , TAMARA ROCIO YAIKIN CALDERON , MONGE BABICH, CECILIA , HIDALGO, CESAR , LANDAETA TORRES, VÍCTOR MANUEL , RODRÍGUEZ SICKERT, CARLOS ANDRÉS

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Quantifying hierarchy and prestige in US ballet academies as social predictors of career success

2023 , HERRERA GUZMÁN, YESSICA , Alexander J. Gates , CANDIA VALLEJOS, CRISTIAN ESTEBAN , Albert-László Barabási

In the recent decade, we have seen major progress in quantifying the behaviors and the impact of scientists, resulting in a quantitative toolset capable of monitoring and predicting the career patterns of the profession. It is unclear, however, if this toolset applies to other creative domains beyond the sciences. In particular, while performance in the arts has long been difficult to quantify objectively, research suggests that professional networks and prestige of affiliations play a similar role to those observed in science, hence they can reveal patterns underlying successful careers. To test this hypothesis, here we focus on ballet, as it allows us to investigate in a quantitative fashion the interplay of individual performance, institutional prestige, and network effects. We analyze data on competition outcomes from 6363 ballet students affiliated with 1603 schools in the United States, who participated in the Youth America Grand Prix (YAGP) between 2000 and 2021. Through multiple logit models and matching experiments, we provide evidence that schools’ strategic network position bridging between communities captures social prestige and predicts the placement of students into jobs in ballet companies. This work reveals the importance of institutional prestige on career success in ballet and showcases the potential of network science approaches to provide quantitative viewpoints for the professional development of careers beyond science.

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Enhanced social connectivity in hybrid classrooms versus academic centrality in online settings

2023 , Javier Pulgar , RAMÍREZ, DIEGO , CANDIA VALLEJOS, CRISTIAN ESTEBAN

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