BILLEKE BOBADILLA, PABLO ERNESTO
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BILLEKE BOBADILLA, PABLO ERNESTO
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pbilleke@udd.cl
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8229414600

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A multifactorial approach of nutritional, intellectual, brain development, cardiovascular risk, socio-economic, demographic and educational variables affecting the scholastic achievement in Chilean students: An eight- year follow-up study

2019 , Daniza M. Ivanovic , Atilio F. Almagià , Violeta C. Arancibia , Camila V. Ibaceta , Vanessa F. Arias , Tatiana R. Rojas , Ofelia C. Flores , Francisca S. Villagrán , Liliana U. Tapia , Javiera A. Acevedo , Gladys I. Morales , Víctor C. Martínez , Cristián G. Larraín , Claudio F. A. Silva , Rodrigo B. Valenzuela , Cynthia R. Barrera , BILLEKE BOBADILLA, PABLO ERNESTO , ZAMORANO MENDIETA, FRANCISCO JAVIER , Yasna Z. Orellana , Vasileios Stavropoulos

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Neural Dynamics of Improved Bimodal Attention and Working Memory in Musically Trained Children

2020 , Leonie Kausel , Francisco Zamorano , BILLEKE BOBADILLA, PABLO ERNESTO , Mary E. Sutherland , Josefina Larrain-Valenzuela , Gottfried Schlaug , STECHER GUZMAN, XIMENA PATRICIA , Francisco Aboitiz

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The More I Get to Know You, the More I Distrust You? Non-linear Relationship between Social Skills and Social Behavior

2016 , BILLEKE BOBADILLA, PABLO ERNESTO

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Us versus them mentality in football fans: Significant social defeat engages the mentalization network and disengages cognitive control areas

2022 , ZAMORANO MENDIETA, FRANCISCO , CARVAJAL PAREDES, PATRICIO ALEJANDRO , SOTO ICAZA, PATRICIA , César Salinas , STECHER GUZMAN, XIMENA PATRICIA , MUÑOZ REYES, JOSÉ ANTONIO , Vladimir López , Waldemar Méndez , Joel Barrera , Gonzalo Aragón-Caqueo , BILLEKE BOBADILLA, PABLO ERNESTO

Social affiliation is one of the building blocks that shapes cultures and communities. This motivation contributes to the development of social bonding among individuals within a group, enjoying rights, assuming obligations, and strengthening its identity. Evidence has shown that social affiliation has inspired different social phenomena, such as wars, political movements, social struggles, among others, based on two human motivations: the ingroup love and the outgroup hate. One contemporary group to study as a proxy of social affiliation, and ingroup and outgroup motivations is the sports competition. However, this affiliation model has been poorly considered in social neuroscience research. This research aimed to shed light on the neurobiological networks that are related to social affiliation in football fans of two of the most popular Chilean football teams. Methods: To this end, 43 male fans of two football rival teams watched videos of winning and losing goals of their favorite team while their brain activity was measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Results: The results showed that while the activation of the reward system was observed in fans when their team scores goals against the rival, both the activation of the mentalization network and the inhibition of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex were associated with the emotional correlates of defeat in football fans. Conclusions: Taking these findings together could contribute to a deeper understanding of social affiliation, and more importantly, of extreme affiliation phenomena, and fanaticism.

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Attending to the heart is associated with posterior alpha band increase and a reduction in sensitivity to concurrent visual stimuli

2017 , Mario Villena-González , Cristóbal Moënne-Loccoz , Rodrigo A. Lagos , Luz M. Alliende , BILLEKE BOBADILLA, PABLO ERNESTO , Francisco Aboitiz , Vladimir López , Diego Cosmelli

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Theta and Alpha Oscillation Impairments in Autistic Spectrum Disorder Reflect Working Memory Deficit

2017 , Josefina Larrain-Valenzuela , ZAMORANO M, FRANCISCO JAVIER , SOTO ICAZA, PATRICIA , Ximena Carrasco , Claudia Herrera , Francisca Daiber , Francisco Aboitiz , BILLEKE BOBADILLA, PABLO ERNESTO

A dysfunction in the excitatory–inhibitory (E/I) coordination in neuronal assembly has been proposed as a possible neurobiological mechanism of Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However, the potential impact of this mechanism in cognitive performance is not fully explored. Since the main consequence of E/I dysfunction is an impairment in oscillatory activity and its underlying cognitive computations, we assessed the electroencephalographic activity of ASD and typically developing (TD) subjects during a working-memory task. We found that ASD subjects committed more errors than TD subjects. Moreover, TD subjects demonstrated a parametric modulation in the power of alpha and theta band while ASD subjects did not demonstrate significant modulations. The preceding leads to significant differences between the groups in both the alpha power placed on the occipital cortex and the theta power placed on the left premotor and the right prefrontal cortex. The impaired theta modulation correlated with autistic symptoms. The results indicated that ASD may present an alteration in the recruitment of the oscillatory activity during working-memory, and this alteration could be related to the physiopathology of the disorder.

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Paradoxical Expectation: Oscillatory Brain Activity Reveals Social Interaction Impairment in Schizophrenia

2015 , BILLEKE BOBADILLA, PABLO ERNESTO , Alejandra Armijo , Daniel Castillo , Tamara López , ZAMORANO m, FRANCISCO JAVIER , Diego Cosmelli , Francisco Aboitiz

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Country-level gender inequality is associated with structural differences in the brains of women and men

2023 , André Zugman , Luz María Alliende , Vicente Medel , Richard A.I. Bethlehem , Jakob Seidlitz , Grace Ringlein , Celso Arango , Aurina Arnatkevičiūtė , Laila Asmal , Mark Bellgrove , Vivek Benegal , Miquel Bernardo , BILLEKE BOBADILLA, PABLO ERNESTO , Jorge Bosch-Bayard , Rodrigo Bressan , Geraldo F. Busatto , Mariana N. Castro , Tiffany Chaim-Avancini , Albert Compte , Monise Costanzi , Leticia Czepielewski , Paola Dazzan , Camilo de la Fuente-Sandoval , Marta Di Forti , Covadonga M. Díaz-Caneja , Ana María Díaz-Zuluaga , Stefan Du Plessis , Fabio L. S. Duran , Sol Fittipaldi , Alex Fornito , Nelson B. Freimer , Ary Gadelha , Clarissa S. Gama , Ranjini Garani , Clemente Garcia-Rizo , Cecilia Gonzalez Campo , Alfonso Gonzalez-Valderrama , Salvador Guinjoan , Bharath Holla , Agustín Ibañez , Daniza Ivanovic , Andrea Jackowski , Pablo Leon-Ortiz , Christine Lochner , Carlos López-Jaramillo , Hilmar Luckhoff , Raffael Massuda , Philip McGuire , Jun Miyata , Romina Mizrahi , Robin Murray , Aysegul Ozerdem , Pedro M. Pan , Mara Parellada , Lebogan Phahladira , Juan P. Ramirez-Mahaluf , Ramiro Reckziegel , Tiago Reis Marques , Francisco Reyes-Madrigal , Annerine Roos , Pedro Rosa , Giovanni Salum , Freda Scheffler , Gunter Schumann , Mauricio Serpa , Dan J. Stein , Angeles Tepper , Jeggan Tiego , Tsukasa Ueno , UNDURRAGA FOURCADE, JUAN PABLO , Eduardo A. Undurraga , Pedro Valdes-Sosa , Isabel Valli , Mirta Villarreal , Toby T. Winton-Brown , Nefize Yalin , ZAMORANO MENDIETA, FRANCISCO JAVIER , Marcus V. Zanetti , Anderson M. Winkler , Daniel S. Pine , Sara Evans-Lacko , Nicolas A. Crossley , Pratima Murthy , Amit Chakrabarti , Debasish Basu , B.N. Subodh , Lenin Singh , Roshan Singh , Kartik Kalyanram , Kamakshi Kartik , Kalyanaraman Kumaran , Ghattu Krishnaveni , Rebecca Kuriyan , Sunita Simon Kurpad , Gareth J. Barker , Rose D. Bharath , Sylvane Desrivieres , Meera Purushottam , Dimitri P. Orfanos , Eesha Sharma , Matthew Hickman , Jon Heron , Mireille B. Toledano , Nilakshi Vaidya

Gender inequality across the world has been associated with a higher risk to mental health problems and lower academic achievement in women compared to men. We also know that the brain is shaped by nurturing and adverse socio-environmental experiences. Therefore, unequal exposure to harsher conditions for women compared to men in gender-unequal countries might be reflected in differences in their brain structure, and this could be the neural mechanism partly explaining women’s worse outcomes in gender-unequal countries. We examined this through a random-effects meta-analysis on cortical thickness and surface area differences between adult healthy men and women, including a meta-regression in which country-level gender inequality acted as an explanatory variable for the observed differences. A total of 139 samples from 29 different countries, totaling 7,876 MRI scans, were included. Thickness of the right hemisphere, and particularly the right caudal anterior cingulate, right medial orbitofrontal, and left lateral occipital cortex, presented no differences or even thicker regional cortices in women compared to men in gender-equal countries, reversing to thinner cortices in countries with greater gender inequality. These results point to the potentially hazardous effect of gender inequality on women’s brains and provide initial evidence for neuroscience-informed policies for gender equality.

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Oscillatory activity underlying cognitive performance in children and adolescents with autism: a systematic review

2024 , SOTO ICAZA, PATRICIA , Patricio Soto-Fernández , Leonie Kausel , MÁRQUEZ RODRÍGUEZ, VÍCTOR JULIO , Patricio Carvajal-Paredes , María Paz Martínez-Molina , Alejandra Figueroa-Vargas , BILLEKE BOBADILLA, PABLO ERNESTO

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that exhibits a widely heterogeneous range of social and cognitive symptoms. This feature has challenged a broad comprehension of this neurodevelopmental disorder and therapeutic efforts to address its difficulties. Current therapeutic strategies have focused primarily on treating behavioral symptoms rather than on brain psychophysiology. During the past years, the emergence of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques (NIBS) has opened alternatives to the design of potential combined treatments focused on the neurophysiopathology of neuropsychiatric disorders like ASD. Such interventions require identifying the key brain mechanisms underlying the symptomatology and cognitive features. Evidence has shown alterations in oscillatory features of the neural ensembles associated with cognitive functions in ASD. In this line, we elaborated a systematic revision of the evidence of alterations in brain oscillations that underlie key cognitive processes that have been shown to be affected in ASD during childhood and adolescence, namely, social cognition, attention, working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility. This knowledge could contribute to developing therapies based on NIBS to improve these processes in populations with ASD.

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Lateral prefrontal activity as a compensatory strategy for deficits of cortical processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2017-12-01 , ZAMORANO MENDIETA, FRANCISCO JAVIER , BILLEKE BOBADILLA, PABLO ERNESTO , Kausel, Leonie , Larrain, Josefina , STECHER GUZMAN, XIMENA PATRICIA , Hurtado, Jose M. , López, Vladimir , Carrasco, Ximena , Aboitiz, Francisco

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most common neuropsychiatric disorder in childhood and is characterized by a delay of cortical maturation in frontal regions. In order to investigate interference control, which is a key function of frontal areas, a functional MRI study was conducted on 17 ADHD boys and 17 typically developing (TD) boys, while solving the multi source interference task (MSIT). This task consists of two conditions, a "congruent condition" and an "incongruent condition". The latter requires to inhibit information that interferes with task-relevant stimuli. Behavioral results showed that ADHD subjects committed more errors than TD children. In addition, TD children presented a larger MSIT effect -A greater difference in reaction times between the incongruent and the congruent conditions- than ADHD children. Associated to the MSIT effect, neuroimaging results showed a significant enhancement in the activation of the right lateral prefrontal cortex (rlPFC) in ADHD than in TD subjects. Finally, ADHD subjects presented greater functional connectivity between rlPFC and bilateral orbitofrontal cortex than the TD group. This difference in connectivity correlated with worse performance in both groups. Our results could reflect a compensatory strategy of ADHD children resulting from their effort to maintain an adequate performance during MSIT.

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