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    Upcycling Salmon Skin Waste: Sustainable Bio-Sequins and Guanine Crystals for Eco-Friendly Textile Accessories
    (MDPI AG, 2024-12-20)
    Valentina Clavel
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    Salazar Sandoval, SebastiƔn
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    Araya Hermosilla, Rodrigo
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    AmenƔbar Figueroa, Alejandra
    <jats:p>The significant environmental impact from fashion and textile industries has spurred interest in sustainable alternatives, especially for accessories like sequins and beads, whose usage has surged post-pandemic. This study explores the potential of utilizing salmon industry waste from Chile to produce bio-sequins (BS) and guanine crystals (GC) from salmon skin. The production of BS offers a strategy to reduce reliance on non-renewable resources and support sustainable waste management, as these materials decompose naturally without harmful residues. Physicochemical and mechanical characterization of the BS by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), evaluated their feasibility for textile, design, and fashion applications. Additionally, GC were extracted from salmon scales using less hazardous solvents such as acetone, ethanol, and acetic acid, and subsequently immobilized on the BS for decorative purposes. Notably, tensile mechanical properties of the BS improved up to 75% after guanine decoration and exposure to simulated environmental factors like UV radiation. This work addresses the dual challenge of pollution and resource depletion, demonstrating that BS from salmon skin offer an eco-friendly alternative. It underscores the importance of adopting sustainable practices throughout the fashion industry’s production chain.</jats:p>
    ScopusĀ© Citations 1  7
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    Advances in the Sustainable Development of Biobased Materials Using Plant and Animal Waste as Raw Materials: A Review
    (2024)
    SebastiƔn Salazar Sandoval
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    AMENƁBAR FIGUEROA, ALEJANDRA
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    ; ;
    There is substantial concern about critical environmental problems related to waste in production sectors such as textile, construction, and packaging. The materials ascribed to the sector’s unsustainability are primarily fabrics, plastic, and hazardous solvents, making developing new biobased materials imperative. As such, various strategies have been investigated to convert and recycle waste and give them commercial value via the manufacture of biobased materials. This review discusses the various types of raw materials as sources to develop new biobased materials that could promote the transition toward sustainability. According to the literature, the functional qualities of biobased materials are comparable to those of synthetic materials. Raw material sources such as biomass, derived from plant and animal-based waste, are attractive due to their low cost, abundance, and biodegradability. The manufacture of biomaterials, as well as their characterization and performance, are also discussed. Further, this review will offer a comprehensive view of the potential applicability and current commercial applications of the developed biobased materials in relevant areas such as packaging, construction, textile, and wastewater remediation. This could be a potential field of research to address the environmental challenges posed by the continuous growth of the global population.
    ScopusĀ© Citations 23  2
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      8
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    ScopusĀ© Citations 3  3
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    Copper-Modified Cellulose Paper: A Comparative Study of How Antimicrobial Activity Is Affected by Particle Size and Testing Standards
    (MDPI AG, 2025-01-08)
    Sara RamĆ­rez
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    Fabian Zúñiga
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    Alejandra AmenƔbar
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    Viviana Benavides
    This study aims to provide evidence that when testing cellulose paper modified with copper particles (CuPs), the particle size and the analysis method influence the antimicrobial activity observed by this material. Commercial CuPs of nanometric size (2.7 nm, CuNPs) and micrometric size (2.5 µm, CuMPs) were used to modify cellulose paper sheets. CuPs were incorporated during the pulp disintegration phase (stage 1) of the sheet formation process, according to the ISO 5269-1:2005 standard. Modified paper sheets retained 16% and 14% of CuNPs and CuMPs, respectively. Additionally, CuPs were distributed randomly on the fiber surfaces, often forming aggregates. Finally, the antimicrobial activity of the modified paper sheets was evaluated using ISO 20645:2004 and ISO 20743:2013. The results showed that the antimicrobial activity assessed using each standard method is conditioned by the mechanism of action of the CuPs and, therefore, by their size. It was concluded that ISO 20645:2004 is suitable for evaluating the antibacterial effect of paper/CuNPs, as nanoparticles diffuse from the paper and are released into the culture medium. In contrast, ISO 20743:2013 can be used for both CuNP- and CuMP-based paper, as it evaluates the antibacterial effect based on the direct interaction between the copper particle and the bacteria.
    ScopusĀ© Citations 2  14
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    Proyecto TID: Transferencia - Innovación - Diseño para la Diversificación Productiva Exportadora de la Región del Biobío, Chile
    (2020) ;
    HernƔn Dƭaz GƔlvez
    <jats:p>Biobío es una de las regiones mÔs importantes de Chile a nivel productivo. Fuente de recursos forestales, agropecuarios y pesqueros, polo de desarrollo industrial, de formación de capital humano e investigación, es una de las zonas con mayor proyección de crecimiento y descentralización. En este contexto, el Comité de Desarrollo Productivo Regional tiene como objetivo incrementar la capacidad innovadora y la competitividad del tejido empresarial, en especial de sus pequeñas y medianas empresas. Es aquí donde el diseño posee un espacio que no se ha formalizado como tal. La Facultad de Diseño de la Universidad del Desarrollo ha tenido como misión, desde sus comienzos, impulsar la realización de proyectos académicos que posibiliten a sus estudiantes estar en contacto directo con el emprendimiento y los procesos de desarrollo económico. Gracias a la adjudicación del Fondo de Innovación para la Competitividad Gobierno Regional del Biobío, al apoyo del Instituto de Innovación Interdisciplinaria iCubo UDD y ProChile Regional, a partir de 2014, nace el proyecto TID, el cual permitió fortalecer dicho vínculo y profundizar el trabajo colaborativo entre la universidad y el sector productivo. TID se planteó en su inicio como una experiencia piloto para fomentar la transferencia tecnológica entre academia y empresa local, a través de la disciplina del diseño. Su propósito fue contribuir a la visibilización de oportunidades para instalar el diseño como pieza clave en el engranaje de generación de innovación a nivel regional, aportando al cambio de malla curricular; a la formación de capital humano de diseñadores entrenados en innovación; a la implementación de infraestructura y tecnologías; a la ejecución de un programa piloto de transferencia de diseño a 12 empresas regionales; y a la implementación de diversas acciones de difusión del diseño a nivel regional y nacional como un catalizador de competitividad tanto en economías desarrolladas como emergentes. La participación de representantes regionales de instituciones académicas, gobierno, asociaciones gremiales y empresarios, y la transferencia de diseño a empresas, nos entregaron la oportunidad de contrastar visiones para un mejor entendimiento de la realidad de esta disciplina. Pero no solo eso, también nos dieron la posibilidad de obtener valiosos aprendizajes, que son la base para la propuesta de desafíos y responsabilidades a coordinar entre la triada Estado-Academia -Empresa (también denominada triple hélice), para incorporar al diseño en la Estrategia Regional de Innovación.</jats:p>
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