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    Metaverso en Enfermería y carreras de la salud: El futuro del aprendizaje experiencial ya comenzó
    (SciELO Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (ANID), 2025-01)
    Jorge Contreras Gutiérrez
    ;
    ;
    Alejandro Nuñez Nuñez
      2
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    Virtual reality: acquisition of skills in physical examination of nursing students
    (South Florida Publishing LLC, 2024-09-05)
    Jorge Contreras Gutiérrez
    ;
    ;
    Vivian Aedo Carreño
    ;
    Katherine Leyton Quezada
    The Nursing Process (NP) is a fundamental tool for providing quality patient care. It has 5 stages, the first being the assessment, which is considered the most relevant since it supports the NP in the information obtained. In this stage, inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation techniques are used in the physical examination as tools in the assessment process. Virtual reality could be a beneficial intervention to train nursing students in acquiring their inspection and auscultation skills in the cardiac, respiratory, and digestive systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the didactic strategy with the use of virtual reality in the acquisition of physical examination skills in the cardiac, respiratory, and digestive systems in nursing students. Methodology: a quantitative study of the quasi-experimental design of one group with pre and post-intervention evaluation was carried out. Results: the results in the pre-test related to the median was 5.5, varying positively with an increase in the post-test to 6.3, obtaining that the application of a didactic strategy with virtual reality significantly improves/enhances the processes of acquisition of physical exploration skills in nursing students. Discussion: the results obtained in our research demonstrate that the use of a realistic and low-cost simulator for cardiac, respiratory, and digestive exploration improves the acquisition of skills and stimulates learning in the student, in addition to facilitating the deliberate practice of the procedure before performing it on a real patient. The incorporation of virtual reality in the acquisition of physical examination skills in the cardiac, respiratory, and digestive systems is an instrument that can be added to the nursing curriculum as a new didactic strategy.
      1
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      1Scopus© Citations 1
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      4
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    Immunization and SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Seroprevalence in a Country with High Vaccination Coverage: Lessons from Chile
    <jats:p>Chile is among the most successful nations worldwide in terms of its COVID-19 vaccine rollout. By 31 December 2021, 84.1% of the population was fully vaccinated, and 56.1% received booster doses using different COVID-19 vaccines. In this context, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies following the infection and vaccination campaign. Using a three-stage stratified sampling, we performed a population-based cross-sectional serosurvey based on a representative sample of three Chilean cities. Selected participants were blood-sampled on-site and answered a short COVID-19 and vaccination history questionnaire using Wantai SARS-CoV-2 Ab ELISA to determine seroprevalence. We recruited 2198 individuals aged 7–93 between 5 October and 25 November 2021; 2132 individuals received COVID-19 vaccinations (97%), 67 (3.1%) received one dose, 2065 (93.9%) received two doses, and 936 received the booster jab (42.6%). Antibody seroprevalence reached 97.3%, ranging from 40.9% among those not vaccinated to 99.8% in those with booster doses (OR = 674.6, 154.8–2938.5). SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were associated with vaccination, previous COVID-19 diagnosis, age group, and city of residence. In contrast, we found no significant differences in the type of vaccine used, education, nationality, or type of health insurance. We found a seroprevalence close to 100%, primarily due to the successful vaccination program, which strongly emphasizes universal access.</jats:p>
      6Scopus© Citations 13
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      6
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    Seroprevalence, spatial distribution, and social determinants of SARS-CoV-2 in three urban centers of Chile
    (2022) ; ;
    Gloria Icaza
    ;
    Muriel Ramirez-Santana
    ;
    Rubén Quezada-Gaete
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>Seroprevalence studies provide an accurate measure of SARS-CoV-2 spread and the presence of asymptomatic cases. They also provide information on the uneven impact of the pandemic, pointing out vulnerable groups to prioritize which is particularly relevant in unequal societies. However, due to their high cost, they provide limited evidence of spatial spread of the pandemic specially in unequal societies. Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Chile and model its spatial risk distribution.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>During Oct–Nov 2020, we conducted a population-based serosurvey in Santiago, Talca, and Coquimbo–La Serena (2493 individuals). We explored the individual association between positive results and socio-economic and health-related variables by logistic regression for complex surveys. Then, using an Empirical Bayesian Kriging model, we estimated the infection risk spatial distribution using individual and census information, and compared these results with official records.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>Seroprevalence was 10.4% (95% CI 7.8–13.7%), ranging from 2% (Talca) to 11% (Santiago), almost three times the number officially reported. Approximately 36% of these were asymptomatic, reaching 82% below 15 years old. Seroprevalence was associated with the city of residence, previous COVID-19 diagnosis, contact with confirmed cases (especially at household), and foreign nationality. The spatial model accurately interpolated the distribution of disease risk within the cities finding significant differences in the predicted probabilities of SARS-CoV-2 infection by census zone (IQR 2.5–15.0%), related to population density and education.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>Our results underscore the transmission heterogeneity of SARS-CoV-2 within and across three urban centers of Chile. Socio-economic factors and the outcomes of this seroprevalence study enable us to identify priority areas for intervention. Our methodological approach and results can help guide the design of interdisciplinary strategies for urban contexts, not only for SARS-CoV-2 but also for other communicable diseases.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
    Scopus© Citations 11  1
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    EFECTOS DE DIFERENTES MÉTODOS DE CALENTAMIENTO UTILIZADOS EN EL PERIOPERATORIO EN EL ADULTO
    (Universidad de Concepcion, 2009) ;
    Angélica Ivonne Cerda Gallardo
    ;
    Viviana Andrea Munilla González
      1
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      1Scopus© Citations 16