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    Scopus© Citations 9  2
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    Top ten research priorities in global burns care: findings from the James Lind Alliance Global Burns Research Priority Setting Partnership
    (Elsevier BV, 2025-06)
    Hollie Sarah Richards
    ;
    Robert M T Staruch
    ;
    Suzannah Kinsella
    ;
    Jelena Savovic
    ;
    Riaz Qureshi
    Scopus© Citations 27  2
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    Social cues for experimenter incompetence influence choice blindness
    (Elsevier BV, 2025-07)
    Nicolás Marchant
    ;
    Gorka Navarrete
    ;
    Vincent de Gardelle
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    SILVA CONCHA, JAIME  
    ;
    Jérôme Sackur
      3
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    Interpretable multimodal classification for age-related macular degeneration diagnosis
    (2024)
    Carla Vairetti
    ;
    Sebastián Maldonado
    ;
    Loreto Cuitino
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    URZUA SALINAS, CRISTHIAN  
    ;
    Xu Yanwu
    <jats:p>Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is an emerging machine learning field that has been successful in medical image analysis. Interpretable approaches are able to “unbox” the black-box decisions made by AI systems, aiding medical doctors to justify their diagnostics better. In this paper, we analyze the performance of three different XAI strategies for medical image analysis in ophthalmology. We consider a multimodal deep learning model that combines optical coherence tomography (OCT) and infrared reflectance (IR) imaging for the diagnosis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The classification model is able to achieve an accuracy of 0.94, performing better than other unimodal alternatives. We analyze the XAI methods in terms of their ability to identify retinal damage and ease of interpretation, concluding that grad-CAM and guided grad-CAM can be combined to have both a coarse visual justification and a fine-grained analysis of the retinal layers. We provide important insights and recommendations for practitioners on how to design automated and explainable screening tests based on the combination of two image sources.</jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 1
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    Scopus© Citations 6  5
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    Spanish version of the ICIQ-Bowel questionnaire among colorectal cancer patients: construct and criterion validity
    (2023)
    SACOMORI, CINARA  
    ;
    Luz Alejandra Lorca
    ;
    Mónica Martinez-Mardones
    ;
    Marta Natalia Pizarro-Hinojosa
    ;
    Gonzalo Sebastián Rebolledo-Diaz
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title>Purpose</jats:title> <jats:p>Bowel complaints are very common among patients with colorectal cancer. However, the most used questionnaires for colorectal cancer survivors do not comprehensively comprise bowel symptoms. This study aimed to examine construct and criterion validity, as well as internal consistency, of the Chilean Version of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Bowel Module (ICIQ-B) among people with colorectal cancer.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>Cross-sectional, validation study performed with 106 colorectal cancer patients from Hospital del Salvador, Chile. Bowel function was assessed with the ICIQ-B. Construct validity was assessed with confirmatory factor analysis and hypothesis testing. Specific items of a quality-of-life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-CR29) were used to correlate with similar ICIQ-B items for criterion validity. For internal consistency, Cronbach’s alpha was computed.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>For construct validity, the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the three factors model did not fit our data. Meanwhile, hypothesis testing favored the construct validity of the instrument, considering that rectal cancer patients showed worse bowel pattern (p = 0.001), bowel control (p = 0.001) and quality of life (p &lt; 0.001) scores compared to colon cancer patients. In addition, those patients assessed before surgery also presented worse scores bowel control (p = 0.023) and quality of life (p = 0.009) compared to post-surgical patients. Regarding criterion validity, the ICIQ-B items showed a significant correlation with similar QLQ-CR29 items. The internal reliability of the instrument was good (Cronbach’s α = 0.909).</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title> <jats:p>Considering that this questionnaire appraises bowel function in more depth, it is recommended for use in clinical practice and research with colorectal cancer patients.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
      2Scopus© Citations 4
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    Assessing diabetic polyneuropathy in Spanish‐speaking patients: Translation and validation of the Toronto Clinical Neuropathy Score
    (2023)
    IDIAQUEZ RIOS, JUAN FRANCISCO  
    ;
    Ignacio Acosta
    ;
    Alberto Prat
    ;
    Francesca Gattini
    ;
    Francisca Pino
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims</jats:title><jats:p>Diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSP) is a common complication of diabetes. The Toronto Clinical Neuropathy Score (TCNS) is a useful tool for detecting DSP. However, it is not available in Spanish. The study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the TCNS and modified (mTCNS) scales into Spanish and evaluate their measurement properties.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>A multistep forward‐backward method was used for translation and cultural adaptation. A panel of physicians subjected the final Spanish versions of TCNS and mTCNS (TCÑS, mTCÑS) to cognitive debriefing. Consecutive patients with diabetes mellitus and DSP were recruited from an outpatient clinic, and the TCÑS and mTCÑS were tested for construct validity, along with other measures.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>The internal consistency of both TCÑS and mTCÑS was excellent, as evidenced by Cronbach's Alpha coefficients of 0.83 and 0.85, respectively. Furthermore, there was a robust positive correlation between TCÑS and mTCÑS. In addition, TCÑS was found to exhibit a strong negative correlation with sural sensory nerve action potential amplitude (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = −0.9206) and peroneal compound motor action potential amplitude (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = −0.729), while demonstrating a positive and strong correlation with the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = 0.713).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation</jats:title><jats:p>The TCÑS and mTCÑS are reliable and valid translations of the original TCNS. The TCÑS and mTCÑS can be used to diagnose and measure the severity of neuropathy in Spanish‐speaking patients with diabetes.</jats:p></jats:sec>
      9Scopus© Citations 2
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    Validez, fiabilidad e invarianza factorial de las escalas de autoeficacia general y autoeficacia académica en estudiantes universitarios
    (2022)
    Diego García Álvarez
    ;
    COBO RENDÓN, RUBIA CONSUELO  
    ;
    Juan Diego Hernández Lalinde
    <jats:p>El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de las escalas de autoeficacia general y autoeficacia académica en estudiantes universitarios, así como corroborar la invarianza factorial con respecto al sexo. Participaron un total de 472 estudiantes, todos pertenecientes a una universidad ubicada en Maracaibo, Venezuela. En ambas escalas se probó el ajuste de varios modelos presentados en la literatura, hallando evidencias de validez factorial. Por un lado, la medida de autoeficacia general exhibió índices adecuados en una versión reducida de nueve ítems, mientras que la de autoeficacia académica reportó una adecuación satisfactoria cuando se planteó una estructura abreviada de siete reactivos. La fiabilidad, para ambos cuestionarios, se localizó en el rango comprendido entre valores buenos y excelentes. Por otra parte, el análisis de invarianza mostró que las escalas conservan sus propiedades según sexo, hecho que permite utilizarlas para estimar los factores latentes y realizar contrastes entre personas de ambos sexos. Se concluye que estas escalas son herramientas psicométricas confiables y válidas que pueden ser utilizadas en contextos universitarios para medir constructos como estos, relevantes para el éxito estudiantil. Palabras clave. Propiedades psicométricas, validez, confiabilidad, autoeficacia, educación superior. Abstract. The aim of the research was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the scales of general self-efficacy and academic self-efficacy in university students, as well as to assess the factorial invariance with respect to gender. A total of 472 students participated, all belonging to a university located in Maracaibo, Venezuela. In both scales, the adjustment of several models presented in the literature was tested, finding evidence of factorial validity. On the one hand, the general self-efficacy measure exhibited adequate indices in a reduced version of nine items, while the academic self-efficacy measure reported a satisfactory fit when a shortened structure of seven items was proposed. Reliability, for both questionnaires, was located in the range between good and excellent values. Furthermore, the analysis of invariance showed that the scales retain their properties according to sex, a fact that allows them to be used to estimate latent factors and make contrasts between people of both genders. It is concluded that these scales are reliable and valid psychometric tools that can be used in university contexts to measure constructs such as these, relevant to student success. Keywords. Psychometric properties, validity, reliability, self-efficacy, higher education.</jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 7  1
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    Scopus© Citations 6  22
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      1  1Scopus© Citations 5