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    Infant Feeding and Information Sources in Chilean Families Who Reported Baby-Led Weaning as a Complementary Feeding Method
    (2021)
    Daiana Quintiliano-Scarpelli
    ;
    Nicole Lehmann
    ;
    Bárbara Castillo
    ;
    Estela Blanco
    <jats:p>Baby-Led Weaning (BLW) is a new and emerging method of introducing complementary feeding in solid consistency, without the use of a spoon and entirely guided by the baby. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the BLW approach in relation to compliance with basic components and sources of information in Chilean families. Using a cross-sectional design, we assessed early nutrition, including breastfeeding and foods offered, maternal/child characteristics and sources of information on BLW among a non-probabilistic sample of mothers of children &lt;24 months who reported practicing BLW (n = 261, median age = 28 years) in Chile. We found that 57.5% of mothers reported their child ate the same food as the family, 44.1% shared ≥3 meals with the family, 84.7% offered ≥3 foods at each meal and 75.6% reported only occasionally offering food with a spoon. The majority reported obtaining information on BLW from social media (82%). Moreover, 56% had offered cookies, 32% added salt and 9% sugar in the first 2 years. Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months related to higher odds of consuming family foods (OR = 2.45, 95% CI 1.24–4.84), while having received information from professional sources and social media related to lower odds (OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.22–0.88 and OR = 0.31, 95% CI 0.15–0.66, respectively). Those who had appropriate weight gain had lower odds of consuming ≥3 foods in meals (OR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.13–0.96). Among mothers who reported practicing BLW with their children, we observed a wide variety of feeding habits, sources of information and low compliance with the studied components. Eating the same food as the family was the most prevalent component and social media was the main source of information on BLW.</jats:p>
      6Scopus© Citations 13
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    Scopus© Citations 8  1
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    Prácticas y preferencias alimentarias y de actividad física en niños y niñas: Una aproximación desde los Parlamentos Escolares en establecimientos educacionales
    (2023)
    Tito Pizarro
    ;
    Macarena Jara
    ;
    Daisy Margarit
    ;
    José Luis Palacios
    ;
    PINHEIRO FERNANDES, ANNA CHRISTINA  
    <jats:p>En Chile la malnutrición por exceso continúa en aumento, afectando especialmente a la población infantil. Solucionar esta problemática de salud pública requiere desarrollar estrategias de promoción y prevención que consideren las propuestas de las comunidades, especialmente la de los propios niños y niñas. Objetivo: Conocer las opiniones y sugerencias de niños y niñas de tercero y cuarto básico de escuelas de la zona sur de Santiago de Chile, respecto de sus prácticas alimentarias y de actividad física, en el marco del proyecto FONDEF IT 1810016. Sujetos y Método: Se desarrollaron siete parlamentos escolares en siete escuelas mediante una metodología cualitativa participativa, recogiendo las opiniones de 176 niños y niñas acerca de sus hábitos y preferencias tanto de alimentos como de actividad física. Resultados: Los alimentos más consumidos y preferidos son aquellos fáciles de preparar y de alta disponibilidad, como pan, tallarines y leche. Los alimentos que requieren preparación, como pescado, legumbres, frutas, verduras y preparaciones caseras, son menos consumidos y tienen menos preferencia. En las actividades físicas recreativas destacan los videojuegos y el fútbol. Los estudiantes proponen aumentar las horas de educación física, los recreos y mejorar la disponibilidad y acceso a alimentos saludables en los entornos escolares como estrategia de solución al problema de la malnutrición por exceso. Conclusiones: Los Parlamentos Escolares como estrategia participativa aportan en la generación conjunta de conocimiento. La necesidad de incluir a las comunidades como partes interesadas en las iniciativas de salud, reconoce a través de su participación, a los niños y las niñas como actores sujetos de derechos.</jats:p>
      2  1
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    Food Parenting Practices and Feeding Styles and Their Relations with Weight Status in Children in Latin America and the Caribbean
    (2022)
    Luisa Pérez
    ;
    Marcela Vizcarra
    ;
    Sheryl O. Hughes
    ;
    Maria A. Papaioannou
    <jats:p>While a growing body of literature looks at the associations between food parenting practices, and feeding styles, and child’s weight status in developed countries, little is known for less developed countries, in general, and the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region, in particular. This study systemically reviews and synthesizes existing evidence on the associations between child caregivers’ food parenting practices and feeding styles and 2 to 12-year-old child weight status. Keywords were used to search in PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Among the ten eligible articles, all of them reported significant associations between food parenting practices and feeding styles and child weight status. Existing studies have limitations, mainly related to cross-sectional convenience samples, which limit the generalization of the results. Additionally, small sample, heterogeneous feeding measures and weight related outcomes were other limitations. Future research is needed to understand caregiver–child interactions in the food situation and its link to child weight status in 2 to 12-year-old children in areas of LAC with diverse forms of malnutrition and contextual factors of countries.</jats:p>
      10Scopus© Citations 12
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    Evaluation of the chemopreventive potentials of ezetimibe and aspirin in a novel mouse model of gallbladder preneoplasia
    (2020)
    Lorena Rosa
    ;
    Lorena Lobos‐González
    ;
    Natalia Muñoz‐Durango
    ;
    Patricia García
    ;
    Carolina Bizama
    Scopus© Citations 15  2
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    Nutritional and behavioral factors related to weight gain after bariatric surgery
    (2021)
    Ana María Palacio Valencia
    ;
    Camila Luna
    ;
    Cristóbal Maíz
    ;
    Estela Blanco
      17Scopus© Citations 8
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    Effort Displayed During Appetitive Phase of Feeding Behavior Requires Infralimbic Cortex Activity and Histamine H1 Receptor Signaling
    (2019)
    María E. Riveros
    ;
    María Ines Forray
    ;
    Fernando Torrealba
    ;
    José L. Valdés
      20Scopus© Citations 8
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    Dietary Patterns of Breakfast Consumption Among Chilean University Students
    (2020)
    Ximena Díaz-Torrente
    ;
    QUINTILIANO SCARPELLI DOURADO , DAIANA APARECIDA  
    <jats:p>Breakfast is one of the most important meals of the day. A good quality breakfast must include dairy products, cereals, and fruits. The aim of this study is to determine breakfast dietary patterns and their nutritional quality among Chilean university students. A cross-sectional non-probabilistic study was conducted in 200 university students between 18 and 27 years in Santiago, Chile. To identify dietary patterns and breakfast quality, a breakfast food survey was conducted. Patterns were identified by factor analysis. Most of the subjects (53%) ate breakfast daily, with a higher prevalence among females (60.2% vs. 43.7%, p &lt; 0.05); 68% did not consume fruits and 17.5% had good breakfast quality, with no differences by sex. Four breakfast dietary patterns were identified: “dairy &amp; cereals”, “healthy”, “traditional salty” and “traditional sweet” that together explained 35.6% of the total variance. There was no sex difference in predominant dietary patterns. The “dairy &amp; cereals” and “traditional sweet” patterns were associated with regularly eating breakfast (β: −0.47, p = 0.001; β: −0.32, p = 0.020) and the “healthy” pattern with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 (β: 0.35, p = 0.024). In conclusion, breakfast quality was inadequate due to low fruit consumption and energy intake. The four identified patterns included cereals, bread, dairy, fats and sugars. Results may be usual in the planning of future interventions aimed at improving breakfast consumption and quality in university students.</jats:p>
      6  1Scopus© Citations 18
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    Dysphagia screening and risks of pneumonia and adverse outcomes after acute stroke: An international multicenter study
    (2020)
    Menglu Ouyang
    ;
    Elizabeth Boaden
    ;
    Hisatomi Arima
    ;
    Pablo M Lavados
    ;
    Laurent Billot
    Dysphagia is associated with aspiration pneumonia after stroke. Data are limited on the influences of dysphagia screen and assessment in clinical practice. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims</jats:title><jats:p> To determine associations between a “brief” screen and “detailed” assessment of dysphagia on clinical outcomes in acute stroke patients. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p> A prospective cohort study analyzed retrospectively using data from a multicenter, cluster cross-over, randomized controlled trial (Head Positioning in Acute Stroke Trial [HeadPoST]) from 114 hospitals in nine countries. HeadPoST included 11,093 acute stroke patients randomized to lying-flat or sitting-up head positioning. Herein, we report predefined secondary analyses of the association of dysphagia screening and assessment and clinical outcomes of pneumonia and death or disability (modified Rankin scale 3–6) at 90 days. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p> Overall, 8784 (79.2%) and 3917 (35.3%) patients were screened and assessed for dysphagia, respectively, but the frequency and timing for each varied widely across regions. Neither use of a screen nor an assessment for dysphagia was associated with the outcomes, but their results were compared to “screen-pass” patients, those who failed had higher risks of pneumonia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.18–4.10) and death or disability (aOR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.41–1.95). Similar results were evidence for the results of an assessment for dysphagia. Subsequent feeding restrictions were related to higher risk of pneumonia in patients failed dysphagia screen or assessment (aOR = 4.06, 95% CI = 1.72–9.54). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p> Failing a dysphagia screen is associated with increased risks of pneumonia and poor clinical outcome after acute stroke. Further studies concentrate on determining the effective subsequent feeding actions are needed to improve patient outcomes.
      1Scopus© Citations 46