Dietary Patterns of Breakfast Consumption Among Chilean University Students
Journal
Nutrients
ISSN
2072-6643
Date Issued
2020
Author(s)
Type
Resource Types::text::journal::journal article
URL Institutional Repository
Abstract
<jats:p>Breakfast is one of the most important meals of the day. A good quality breakfast must include dairy products, cereals, and fruits. The aim of this study is to determine breakfast dietary patterns and their nutritional quality among Chilean university students. A cross-sectional non-probabilistic study was conducted in 200 university students between 18 and 27 years in Santiago, Chile. To identify dietary patterns and breakfast quality, a breakfast food survey was conducted. Patterns were identified by factor analysis. Most of the subjects (53%) ate breakfast daily, with a higher prevalence among females (60.2% vs. 43.7%, p < 0.05); 68% did not consume fruits and 17.5% had good breakfast quality, with no differences by sex. Four breakfast dietary patterns were identified: “dairy & cereals”, “healthy”, “traditional salty” and “traditional sweet” that together explained 35.6% of the total variance. There was no sex difference in predominant dietary patterns. The “dairy & cereals” and “traditional sweet” patterns were associated with regularly eating breakfast (β: −0.47, p = 0.001; β: −0.32, p = 0.020) and the “healthy” pattern with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 (β: 0.35, p = 0.024). In conclusion, breakfast quality was inadequate due to low fruit consumption and energy intake. The four identified patterns included cereals, bread, dairy, fats and sugars. Results may be usual in the planning of future interventions aimed at improving breakfast consumption and quality in university students.</jats:p>
Subjects
breakfast quality
;
dietary patterns
;
nutritional status
;
factor analysis
;
adolescent
;
adult
;
breakfast
;
chile
;
cross-sectional studies
;
diet
;
diet surveys
;
edible grain
;
feeding behavior
;
female
;
fruit
;
humans
;
male
;
nutritive value
;
students
;
universities
;
young adult
;
carbohydrate
;
fat
;
protein
;
protein seca
;
accuracy
;
adult
;
anthropometry
;
article
;
body mass
;
body weight
;
caloric intake
;
cereal
;
cross-sectional study
;
dairy product
;
dietary pattern
;
eating
;
energy expenditure
;
female
;
food intake
;
fruit
;
human
;
macronutrient intake
;
male
;
meal
;
nutritional status
;
nutritional value
;
observational study
;
physical activity
;
social network
;
training
;
underweight
;
world health organization
;
adolescent
;
chile
;
diet
;
feeding behavior
;
food grain
;
student
;
university
;
young adult