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    Latin America Cutaneous Oncology Management (LACOM) I: The Role of Skin Care in Oncology Patients and Survivors
    (SanovaWorks, 2025-02-01)
    Daniel Alcalá Pérez
    ;
    Ana Sofia Acosta Madiedo
    ;
    Sebastian Andreani
    ;
    Anneke Andriessen
    ;
    Hebert Cárdenas
      2
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    A Comprehensive Analysis of the Effect of A>I(G) RNA-Editing Sites on Genotoxic Drug Response and Progression in Breast Cancer
    (2024)
    Yanara A. Bernal
    ;
    Alejandro Blanco
    ;
    Eduardo A. Sagredo
    ;
    Karen Oróstica  
    ;
    ALFARO CORTEZ, IVAN ESTEBAN  
    Dysregulated A>I(G) RNA editing, which is mainly catalyzed by ADAR1 and is a type of post-transcriptional modification, has been linked to cancer. A low response to therapy in breast cancer (BC) is a significant contributor to mortality. However, it remains unclear if there is an association between A>I(G) RNA-edited sites and sensitivity to genotoxic drugs. To address this issue, we employed a stringent bioinformatics approach to identify differentially RNA-edited sites (DESs) associated with low or high sensitivity (FDR 0.1, log2 fold change 2.5) according to the IC50 of PARP inhibitors, anthracyclines, and alkylating agents using WGS/RNA-seq data in BC cell lines. We then validated these findings in patients with basal subtype BC. These DESs are mainly located in non-coding regions, but a lesser proportion in coding regions showed predicted deleterious consequences. Notably, some of these DESs are previously reported as oncogenic variants, and in genes related to DNA damage repair, drug metabolism, gene regulation, the cell cycle, and immune response. In patients with BC, we uncovered DESs predominantly in immune response genes, and a subset with a significant association (log-rank test p < 0.05) between RNA editing level in LSR, SMPDL3B, HTRA4, and LL22NC03-80A10.6 genes, and progression-free survival. Our findings provide a landscape of RNA-edited sites that may be involved in drug response mechanisms, highlighting the value of A>I(G) RNA editing in clinical outcomes for BC.
    Scopus© Citations 4  7
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    The Role of MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer and the Challenges of Their Clinical Application
    (2023)
    Juan P. Muñoz
    ;
    Pablo Pérez-Moreno
    ;
    Yasmín Pérez
    ;
    Gloria M. Calaf
    <jats:p>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a subclass of non-coding RNAs that exert substantial influence on gene-expression regulation. Their tightly controlled expression plays a pivotal role in various cellular processes, while their dysregulation has been implicated in numerous pathological conditions, including cancer. Among cancers affecting women, breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignant tumor. Extensive investigations have demonstrated distinct expression patterns of miRNAs in normal and malignant breast cells. Consequently, these findings have prompted research efforts towards leveraging miRNAs as diagnostic tools and the development of therapeutic strategies. The aim of this review is to describe the role of miRNAs in BC. We discuss the identification of oncogenic, tumor suppressor and metastatic miRNAs among BC cells, and their impact on tumor progression. We describe the potential of miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for BC, as well as their role as promising therapeutic targets. Finally, we evaluate the current use of artificial intelligence tools for miRNA analysis and the challenges faced by these new biomedical approaches in its clinical application. The insights presented in this review underscore the promising prospects of utilizing miRNAs as innovative diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools for the management of BC.</jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 52
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    Treatments for non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic quality assessment of clinical practice guidelines
    (2023)
    Marcela Cortés-Jofré
    ;
    Meisser Madera
    ;
    Lesbia Tirado-Amador
    ;
    Claudia Asenjo-Lobos  
    ;
    Xavier Bonfill-Cosp
      4Scopus© Citations 3
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    Componentes ético-clínicos presentes en la indicación de tratamiento en mujeres con cáncer de mama según edad de diagnóstico
    (2023)
    Jamile Camacho Neira
    ;
    Carolina Barriga Schneeberger
    ;
    Daniela Ruiz Rozas
    ;
    Lorna Luco Canales
    ;
    Pia Pincheira Toran
    <jats:p>Objetivo: Evaluar si existen diferencias basadas en la edad en la aproximación diagnóstica y de tratamiento del cáncer de mama. Se analizan aspectos éticos, como justicia, beneficencia y autonomía, en relación a la toma de decisiones.Material y método: Estudio descriptivo cuantitativo y corresponde a un análisis retrospectivo de la base de datos del Centro de la Mama de Clínica Alemana de Santiago, en la que se analiza información de las mujeres de 70 años o más en relación a motivo consulta, estadio de la enfermedad al momento del diagnóstico y tratamientos recibidos y se la compara con la obtenida del grupo de mujeres menores de 70 años.Resultados: No hay diferencia en la oportunidad de la consulta, en el acceso al diagnóstico ni en el tipo de cirugía entre los dos grupos. Existen diferencias significativas en relación a la indicación de tratamientos adyuvantes como quimioterapia, radioterapia y hormonoterapia. El grupo de mujeres mayores de 70 años reciben menos terapias que las mujeres de menor edad. No existe información respecto a los motivos que expliquen esta diferencia.Discusión: Actualmente mujeres mayores se encuentran en buenas condiciones generales, con una expectativa de vida mayor a 75 años. Es importante tratar sus enfermedades sin limitar a priori el acceso a protocolos de tratamiento, evitando la discriminación por edad.Conclusión: Se propone incorporar una evaluación geriátrica protocolizada con el  objetivo de mejorar la  atención de este grupo etario, preservando de esta manera los principios de justicia, beneficencia y autonomía en pacientes mayores.</jats:p>
      7
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    Peptide Targeted Gold Nanoplatform Carrying miR-145 Induces Antitumoral Effects in Ovarian Cancer Cells
    (2022)
    Edison Salas-Huenuleo
    ;
    Andrea Hernández
    ;
    Lorena Lobos-González
    ;
    Iva Polakovičová
    ;
    Francisco Morales-Zavala
    <jats:p>One of the recent attractive therapeutic approaches for cancer treatment is restoring downregulated microRNAs. They play an essential muti-regulatory role in cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, apoptosis, cell cycle, angiogenesis, and metastasis, among others. In this study, a gold nanoplatform (GNPF) carrying miR-145, a downregulated microRNA in many cancer types, including epithelial ovarian cancer, was designed and synthesized. For targeting purposes, the GNPF was functionalized with the FSH33 peptide, which provided selectivity for ovarian cancer, and loaded with the miR-145 to obtain the nanosystem GNPF-miR-145. The GNPF-mir-145 was selectively incorporated in A2780 and SKOV3 cells and significantly inhibited cell viability and migration and exhibited proliferative and anchor-independent growth capacities. Moreover, it diminished VEGF release and reduced the spheroid size of ovarian cancer through the damage of cell membranes, thus decreasing cell viability and possibly activating apoptosis. These results provide important advances in developing miR-based therapies using nanoparticles as selective vectors and provide approaches for in vivo evaluation.</jats:p>
      19Scopus© Citations 10
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      1Scopus© Citations 10  1