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    The effect of computer prompt in breaks of sedentary behaviour among office workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-06-13)
    LEPPE ZAMORA, JAIME ESTEBAN  
    ;
    Sara Ramos-Fuster
    ;
    Barbara Muñoz-Monari
    ;
    Sonia Roa-Alcaino
    ;
    Olga Lucía Sarmiento
    Background Prolonged sitting time in the workplace constitutes a significant portion of waking hours. Sedentary behaviour is associated with higher risks of cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and all-cause mortality. Interventions to reduce workplace sitting, such as health apps, height-adjustable desks, and active breaks, have shown relative effectiveness in improving health outcomes. Among these, computer prompt interventions represent a simple and scalable strategy that can remind workers to take breaks and reduce sedentary behaviour. This study evaluates the effectiveness of computer prompt interventions to reduce sitting at work compared to no intervention or combined strategies. Methods Primary studies were searched in PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, Scopus, and CENTRAL of the Cochrane Library. The search was conducted until December 2024. Keywords included terms like “sedentary behaviour,” “computer prompts,” “sitting time,” and “office workers.” Only randomized controlled trials (individual or cluster) involving desk-based workers aged 18 or older that evaluated computer prompt software were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool (RoB2). Mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for sitting time and secondary outcomes. Analyses were performed using RevMan and R software, and GRADE methodology was applied to assess the certainty of evidence. Results From 17,880 records, 18 studies involving 1164 office workers were included in the analysis. Ten studies focused exclusively on computer prompts, while 8 studies implemented combined strategies (e.g., computer prompts plus sit-to-stand desks). The median intervention length was 8 weeks, ranging from one to 24 weeks. Studies using only computer prompts included breaks lasting from 1 to 10 min every 30 min up to an hour. Combined strategies included breaks from 6 to 30 min every 30 min up to 3 h. According to objective measurements, the meta-analysis showed a significant reduction of 12.46 min/workday in sitting time (95% CI: -18.12, -6.80) and a significant increase of 1029.99 steps/workday (95% CI: 815.97, 1244). Secondary outcomes included work-related, musculoskeletal, and cardiometabolic outcomes favouring computer prompts but not statistically significant. The certainty of evidence for primary outcomes is rated low to moderate according to GRADE. Conclusions Computer prompt software interventions show effectiveness in reducing sitting time among office workers. However, more long-term prospective studies with larger sample sizes are needed to accurately determine the effectiveness of computer prompts on various work- and health-related outcomes.
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    Compliance with the smoking ban in enclosed, semiopen and open areas of workplaces and public places in Chile
    (2020)
    PERUGA URREA, ARMANDO  
    ;
    Xaviera Molina
    ;
    DELGADO BECERRA, OROZIMBA IRIS  
    ;
    MATUTE WILLEMSEM, MARIA ISABEL  
    ;
    OLEA NORMANDIN, ANDREA MARIA  
    <jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>To assess the national level of compliance with the Chilean comprehensive smoke-free legislation by observing healthcare facilities, education centres, government offices, hospitality venues and private workplaces, by type of area within workplaces and public places: enclosed, semiopen and open.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology</jats:title><jats:p>In this cross-sectional observational study, we studied a national representative sample of 3253 venues obtained through a two-stage cluster sampling design. First, 57 municipalities were randomly selected, proportionally to the total number of venues of interest. Second, within each selected municipality, a maximum of 12 venues of each sector was selected systematically from a list of existing sites. We determined the non-compliance level by estimating the percentage of the visited venues where smoking was observed or suspected in banned areas of the premises.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Smoking or suspicion thereof was not observed in any enclosed area of any establishment. However, smoking violations were observed in semiopen areas ranging from less than 0.5% of schools and healthcare centres to around 10% of hospitality venues or 23.0% of higher education centres. Smoking violations were also observed in outdoor areas of 6.7% and 1.6% of the health centres and schools, respectively.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion</jats:title><jats:p>The stark contrast in compliance with the smoking ban between the enclosed areas and the semiopen areas may be a consequence of the complex definition of semiopen areas in the regulations. The study also reflects the need to improve the overall enforcement of the smoke-free law, particularly in universities and hospitality venues.</jats:p></jats:sec>
    Scopus© Citations 6  1
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      7Scopus© Citations 1
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    Experiences and well-being of healthcare professionals working in the field of ultrasound in obstetrics and gynaecology as the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic were evolving: a cross-sectional survey study
    (2022)
    Tom Bourne
    ;
    Christopher Kyriacou
    ;
    Harsha Shah
    ;
    Jolien Ceusters
    ;
    Jessica Preisler
    <jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>Assess experience of healthcare professionals (HCPs) working with ultrasound in obstetrics and gynaecology during the evolving SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, given the new and unprecedented challenges involving viral exposure, personal protective equipment (PPE) and well-being.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design</jats:title><jats:p>Prospective cross-sectional survey study.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting</jats:title><jats:p>Online international survey. Single-best, open box and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questions.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants</jats:title><jats:p>The survey was sent to 35 509 HCPs in 124 countries and was open from 7 to 21 May 2020. 2237/3237 (69.1%) HCPs from 115 countries who consented to participate completed the survey. 1058 (47.3%) completed the HADS.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Primary outcome measures</jats:title><jats:p>Overall prevalence of SARS-CoV-2, depression and anxiety among HCPs in relation to country and PPE availability.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Analyses</jats:title><jats:p>Univariate analyses were used to investigate associations without generating erroneous causal conclusions.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Confirmed/suspected SARS-CoV-2 prevalence was 13.0%. PPE provision concerns were raised by 74.1% of participants; highest among trainees/resident physicians (83.9%) and among HCPs in Spain (89.7%). Most participants worked in self-perceived high-risk areas with SARS-CoV-2 (67.5%–87.0%), with proportionately more trainees interacting with suspected/confirmed infected patients (57.1% vs 24.2%–40.6%) and sonographers seeing more patients who did not wear a mask (33.3% vs 13.9%–7.9%). The most frequent PPE combination used was gloves and a surgical mask (22.3%). UK and US respondents reported spending less time self-isolating (8.8 days) and lower satisfaction with their national pandemic response (37.0%–43.0%). 19.8% and 8.8% of respondents met the criteria for moderate to severe anxiety and depression, respectively.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Reported prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in HCPs is consistent with literature findings. Most respondents used gloves and a surgical mask, with a greater SARS-CoV-2 prevalence compared with those using ‘full’ PPE. HCPs with the least agency (trainees and sonographers) were not only more likely to see high-risk patients but also less likely to be protected. A fifth of respondents reported moderate to severe anxiety.</jats:p></jats:sec>
      11Scopus© Citations 2
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    Relationship between job satisfaction, burnout syndrome and depressive symptoms in physicians: a cross-sectional study based on the employment demand–control model using structural equation modelling
    (2022)
    David Villarreal-Zegarra
    ;
    Wilder Iván Lázaro-Illatopa
    ;
    Ronald Castillo-Blanco
    ;
    CABIESES VALDES, BALTICA BEATRIZ  
    ;
    Alice Blukacz
    <jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the relationship between job satisfaction, burnout syndrome (BS) and depressive symptoms (DS) based on the job demand–control framework model on a nationally representative sample of physicians working in the Peruvian Health System.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting</jats:title><jats:p>We carried out a secondary data analysis of the National Survey of Satisfaction of Users in Health 2016 in Peru.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Primary and secondary outcome measures</jats:title><jats:p>Our study assessed the development of the predictive model and had two parts: (1) to evaluate the association among the variables based on the job demand–control framework, and (2) to assess the proposed model acceptability using the structural equation modelling approach to estimate goodness-of-fit indices (GOFIs).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants</jats:title><jats:p>We excluded physicians older than 65 years, who did not report income levels or who had missing data related to the workplace. Thus, we analysed 2100 participants.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of DS was 3.3%. Physicians’ work-related illnesses had more probability to result in DS (prevalence ratio=2.23). DS was moderately related to BS dimensions (r&gt;0.50); nevertheless, the relationships between DS and the three job satisfaction scales were weak (r&lt;0.30). The first predictive model based on the variables, DS, BS and job satisfaction, had low GOFIs (comparative fit index (CFI)=0.883; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA)=0.125). In a second evaluation, we used models with correlated errors obtaining optimal GOFIs (CFI=0.974; RMSEA=0.060).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Our study identified a stable model to explain the relationship between job satisfaction, BS and DS among physicians. The results are consistent with the job demand–control framework. They could be applied to decision-making in occupational contexts in Latin American low/middle-income countries.</jats:p></jats:sec>
    Scopus© Citations 14  3
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    Authentic assessment: creating a blueprint for course design
    (2018)
    Villarroel , Verónica
    ;
    Susan Bloxham
    ;
    Carola Bruna
    ;
    BRUNA JOFRE, DANIELA VALENTINA  
    ;
    Constanza Herrera-Seda
    Scopus© Citations 421  5