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    Prevalence of anal sphincter injury in primiparous women
    (2013)
    GUZMAN ROJAS, RODRIGO ARTURO  
    ;
    K. L. Shek
    ;
    S. M. Langer
    ;
    H. P. Dietz
    <jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>To determine the prevalence of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) in a cohort of primiparous women and to evaluate their association with demographic, obstetric and ultrasound parameters.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective analysis of the ultrasound volume datasets of 320 primiparous women, acquired at 5 months postpartum. Tomographic ultrasound imaging (TUI) was used to evaluate the external anal sphincter (EAS). A significant EAS defect was diagnosed if a defect of &gt; 30° was seen in four or more of six TUI slices bracketing the EAS.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Significant EAS defects were found in 69 women (27.9% of those delivered vaginally). In nine of those a third‐degree tear was diagnosed intrapartum and was sutured. In 60 women with significant defects there was no documentation of sphincter damage at birth, implying unidentified or occult defects (60/69, 87.0%). Among them, 29 had had a second‐degree tear, two a first‐degree tear and three an intact perineum. In 31 cases an episiotomy had been performed, with five extensions to a third‐degree tear. On multivariate analysis only forceps delivery was significantly associated with OASIS.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>In this cohort of primiparous women we found OASIS in 27.9% of vaginally parous women, most of which had not been diagnosed in the delivery suite. There seems to be a need for better education of labor‐ward staff in the recognition of OASIS. On the other hand, it is conceivable that some defects may be masked by intact tissue. The significance of such defects remains doubtful. Forceps delivery was the only identifiable risk factor. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd.</jats:p></jats:sec>
    Scopus© Citations 104  2
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    Salud mental materna y efectos en el recién nacido durante la pandemia por COVID-19
    (2023)
    COO CALCAGNI, SOLEDAD  
    ;
    María Ignacia García
    ;
    Marcia Olhaberry
    <jats:p>Una de las principales consecuencias de la crisis sanitaria por COVID-19 ha sido el deterioro de la salud mental de la población, con variaciones en distintos grupos. En este escenario, la evidencia reporta un mayor riesgo de sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva durante el período perinatal, así como un impacto negativo en el recién nacido. Objetivo: Examinar las diferencias en la salud mental, variables obstétricas y del recién nacido. y experiencia de parto en los sistemas de salud público y privado, en mujeres primíparas chilenas, pre-pandemia y durante la pandemia. Sujetos y Método: Estudio cuantitativo comparando 2 cohortes. La primera incluyó madres con bebés nacidos antes de la pandemia por COVID-19 (N=81) y la segunda, madres con partos durante la pandemia (N = 71). Se evaluaron en ambos grupos antecedentes sociodemográficos y obstétricos, depresión, ansiedad y estrés a partir de cuestionarios de autorreporte. Las diferencias entre grupos fueron evaluadas con ANCOVA, pruebas t y prueba de chi cuadrado. Resultados: Las mujeres con partos durante la pandemia reportaron mayor sintomatología depresiva y sus bebés presentaron menor edad gestacional y, levemente, menor talla que los bebés nacidos antes del COVID-19. Sin embargo, este grupo mantuvo la lactancia exclusiva por más tiempo. No se observaron diferencias en la experiencia de parto entre los grupos, pero sí en relación con el carácter público o privado del hospital donde se atendieron las madres. Conclusiones: La pandemia afectó negativamente la salud mental de las madres, lo que plantea desafíos importantes para la promoción del bienestar emocional de las madres y sus bebés.</jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 5  1
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    Could Subtle Obstetrical Brachial Plexus Palsy Be Related to Unilateral B Glenoid Osteoarthritis?
    (2021)
    Alexandre Lädermann
    ;
    Hugo Bothorel
    ;
    Philippe Collin
    ;
    Bassem Elhassan
    ;
    Luc Favard
    <jats:p>Background: Several factors associated with B glenoid are also linked with obstetrical brachial plexus palsy (OBPP). The purpose of this observational study was to determine the incidence of OBPP risk factors in type B patients. Methods: A cohort of 154 patients (68% men, 187 shoulders) aged 63 ± 17 years with type B glenoids completed a questionnaire comprising history of perinatal characteristics related to OBPP. A literature review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) to estimate the incidence of OBPP risk factors in the general population. Results: Twenty-seven patients (18%) reported one or more perinatal OBPP risk factors, including shoulder dystocia (n = 4, 2.6%), macrosomia &gt;4 kg (n = 5, 3.2%), breech delivery (n = 6, 3.9%), fetal distress (n = 8, 5.2%), maternal diabetes (n = 2, 1.3%), clavicular fracture (n = 2, 1.3%), and forceps delivery (n = 4, 2.6%). The comparison with the recent literature suggested that most perinatal OBPP risk factors were within the normal range, although the incidence of shoulder dystocia, forceps and vaginal breech deliveries exceeded the average rates. Conclusion: Perinatal factors related to OBPP did not occur in a higher frequency in patients with Walch type B OA compared to the general population, although some of them were in the high normal range.</jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 3  20
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    Meaning of the experience of pregnancy, birth and postpartum in immigrant women in Chile
    (2020)
    Baeza, Fernanda
    ;
    Cilveti, Carla
    ;
    Fernández, María Ignacia
    ;
    Purcell, Valentina
    ;
    Vásquez, Catalina
      10
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    Scopus© Citations 18  5
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    Does childbirth play a role in the etiology of rectocele?
    (2015)
    RODRIGO ARTURO GUZMAN ROJAS
    ;
    Christian Quintero
    ;
    Ka Lai Shek
    ;
    Hans Peter Dietz
    Scopus© Citations 15  1
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    Impact of levator trauma on pelvic floor muscle function
    (2014)
    LAVADOS GERMAIN, PABLO MANUEL  
    ;
    Vivien Wong
    ;
    Ka Lai Shek
    ;
    Hans Peter Dietz
    Scopus© Citations 46  1
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    Pelvic floor trauma: does the second baby matter?
    (2014)
    M. Wong
    ;
    W. L. Lau
    ;
    H. Y. Tse
    ;
    RODRIGO ARTURO GUZMAN ROJAS
      3Scopus© Citations 30