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Author: search.filters.author.Daniela SantapauSubject: search.filters.subject.mesenchymal stem cells

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    Amelioration of morphine withdrawal syndrome by systemic and intranasal administration of mesenchymal stem cell‐derived secretome in preclinical models of morphine dependence
    (2023)
    Mauricio Quezada
    ;
    Carolina Ponce
    ;
    Pablo Berríos‐Cárcamo
    ;
    Daniela Santapau
    ;
    Javiera Gallardo
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Morphine is an opiate commonly used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain. However, prolonged administration can lead to physical dependence and strong withdrawal symptoms upon cessation of morphine use. These symptoms can include anxiety, irritability, increased heart rate, and muscle cramps, which strongly promote morphine use relapse. The morphine‐induced increases in neuroinflammation, brain oxidative stress, and alteration of glutamate levels in the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens have been associated with morphine dependence and a higher severity of withdrawal symptoms. Due to its rich content in potent anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant factors, secretome derived from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) is proposed as a preclinical therapeutic tool for the treatment of this complex neurological condition associated with neuroinflammation and brain oxidative stress.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Two animal models of morphine dependence were used to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of hMSC‐derived secretome in reducing morphine withdrawal signs. In the first model, rats were implanted subcutaneously with mini‐pumps which released morphine at a concentration of 10 mg/kg/day for seven days. Three days after pump implantation, animals were treated with a simultaneous intravenous and intranasal administration of hMSC‐derived secretome or vehicle, and withdrawal signs were precipitated on day seven by i.p. naloxone administration. In this model, brain alterations associated with withdrawal were also analyzed before withdrawal precipitation. In the second animal model, rats voluntarily consuming morphine for three weeks were intravenously and intranasally treated with hMSC‐derived secretome or vehicle, and withdrawal signs were induced by morphine deprivation.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>In both animal models secretome administration induced a significant reduction of withdrawal signs, as shown by a reduction in a combined withdrawal score. Secretome administration also promoted a reduction in morphine‐induced neuroinflammation in the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens, while no changes were observed in extracellular glutamate levels in the nucleus accumbens.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>Data presented from two animal models of morphine dependence suggest that administration of secretome derived from hMSCs reduces the development of opioid withdrawal signs, which correlates with a reduction in neuroinflammation in the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens.</jats:p></jats:sec>
    Scopus© Citations 4  1
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    Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium ameliorates polyneuropathy and foot ulceration in diabetic BKS db/db mice
    (2020)
    DE GREGORIO CONCHA, CRISTIAN ALEJANDRO  
    ;
    CONTADOR MARTINEZ, DAVID ERNESTO  
    ;
    Cristian Acosta
    ;
    Diego Díaz
    ;
    Constanza Cárcamo
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>Diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) is the most common and early developing complication of diabetes mellitus, and the key contributor for foot ulcers development, with no specific therapies available.</jats:p> <jats:p>Different studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) administration is able to ameliorate DPN; however, limited cell survival and safety reasons hinder its transfer from bench to bedside. MSCs secrete a broad range of antioxidant, neuroprotective, angiogenic, and immunomodulatory factors (known as conditioned medium), which are all decreased in the peripheral nerves of diabetic patients. Furthermore, the abundance of these factors can be boosted in vitro by incubating MSCs with a preconditioning stimulus, enhancing their therapeutic efficacy. We hypothesize that systemic administration of conditioned medium derived from preconditioned MSCs could reverse DPN and prevent foot ulcer formation in a mouse model of type II diabetes mellitus.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>Diabetic BKS <jats:italic>db/db</jats:italic> mice were treated with systemic administration of conditioned medium derived from preconditioned human MSCs; conditioned medium derived from non-preconditioned MSCs or vehicle after behavioral signs of DPN was already present. Conditioned medium or vehicle administration was repeated every 2 weeks for a total of four administrations, and several functional and structural parameters characteristic of DPN were evaluated. Finally, a wound was made in the dorsal surface of both feet, and the kinetics of wound closure, re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation were evaluated.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>Our molecular, electrophysiological, and histological analysis demonstrated that the administration of conditioned medium derived from non-preconditioned MSCs or from preconditioned MSCs to diabetic BKS <jats:italic>db/db</jats:italic> mice strongly reverts the established DPN, improving thermal and mechanical sensitivity, restoring intraepidermal nerve fiber density, reducing neuron and Schwann cell apoptosis, improving angiogenesis, and reducing chronic inflammation of peripheral nerves. Furthermore, DPN reversion induced by conditioned medium administration enhances the wound healing process by accelerating wound closure, improving the re-epithelialization of the injured skin and increasing blood vessels in the wound bed in a skin injury model that mimics a foot ulcer.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>Studies conducted indicate that MSC-conditioned medium administration could be a novel cell-free therapeutic approach to reverse the initial stages of DPN, avoiding the risk of lower limb amputation triggered by foot ulcer formation and accelerating the wound healing process in case it occurs.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
      1Scopus© Citations 79  4
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    Effect of human mesenchymal stem cell secretome administration on morphine self-administration and relapse in two animal models of opioid dependence
    (2022)
    María Elena Quintanilla
    ;
    Mauricio Quezada
    ;
    Paola Morales
    ;
    BERRIOS CARCAMO, PABLO ANDRES  
    ;
    Mario Herrera-Marschitz
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The present study investigates the possible therapeutic effects of human mesenchymal stem cell-derived secretome on morphine dependence and relapse. This was studied in a new model of chronic voluntary morphine intake in Wistar rats which shows classic signs of morphine intoxication and a severe naloxone-induced withdrawal syndrome. A single intranasal-systemic administration of MSCs secretome fully inhibited (&gt;95%; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) voluntary morphine intake and reduced the post-deprivation relapse intake by 50% (p &lt; 0.02). Since several studies suggest a significant genetic contribution to the chronic use of many addictive drugs, the effect of MSCs secretome on morphine self-administration was further studied in rats bred as high alcohol consumers (UChB rats). Sub-chronic intraperitoneal administration of morphine before access to increasing concentrations of morphine solutions and water were available to the animals, led UChB rats to prefer ingesting morphine solutions over water, attaining levels of oral morphine intake in the range of those in the Wistar model. Intranasally administered MSCs secretome to UChB rats dose-dependently inhibited morphine self-administration by 72% (p &lt; 0.001); while a single intranasal dose of MSC-secretome administered during a morphine deprivation period imposed on chronic morphine consumer UChB rats inhibited re-access morphine relapse intake by 80 to 85% (p &lt; 0.0001). Both in the Wistar and the UChB rat models, MSCs-secretome administration reversed the morphine-induced increases in brain oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, considered as key engines perpetuating drug relapse. Overall, present preclinical studies suggest that products secreted by human mesenchymal stem cells may be of value in the treatment of opioid addiction.</jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 6  3
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      1Scopus© Citations 60  5
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    Item type:Publication,
      14Scopus© Citations 28