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    “Hasta que me embaracé no conocí matrona”: salud sexual y reproductiva de jóvenes mujeres mapuche, Chile
    (FapUNIFESP (SciELO), 2024)
    CARREÑO CALDERON, ALEJANDRA ANGELICA  
    ;
    OBACH KING, ALEXANDRA ALICE  
    ;
    Correa-Matus, Eliana
    <jats:p>Resumen Este estudio pretende explorar la prevención y promoción de salud sexual y reproductiva en jóvenes mapuche de entre 18 y 24 años, indagando en las relaciones que establecen con el sistema de salud biomédico y en los desafíos para la inclusión de la interculturalidad en las prestaciones dirigidas a esta población. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa de estudio de caso. Se aplicaron 32 entrevistas en profundidad a jóvenes mapuche de sectores rurales y urbanos de la región de la Araucanía, Chile. Se identifica la persistencia un abordaje sanitario que carece de herramientas interculturales y de enfoque de derechos sexuales y reproductivos. Las jóvenes reportan falta de acceso a educación sexual tanto por la distancia que establecen con los servicios biomédicos de atención primaria como por las dificultades de hablar de sexualidad con los adultos de sus comunidades. Se concluye que persisten inequidades en el derecho a la salud sexual y reproductiva de jóvenes indígenas, especialmente en mujeres. Es necesario incorporar el enfoque intercultural y de derechos en la formulación de políticas públicas para esta población. Tales intervenciones requieren ser diseñadas e implementadas involucrando tanto a la población joven como a los agentes de salud de sus comunidades de origen.</jats:p>
      3
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    Jealousy as Predicted by Allocation and Reception of Resources in an Economic Game
    (2024)
    BARBATO EPPLE, MARÍA TERESA  
    ;
    Ana María Fernández
    ;
    RODRÍGUEZ SICKERT, CARLOS ANDRÉS  
    ;
    David Buss
    ;
    POLO RODRIGO, PABLO  
    <jats:p> Evidence is abundant that evolution by selection has produced sex differences in the design of adaptations to solve the problems surrounding reproduction. A prime example is the design of human jealousy, which research suggests is triggered by distinct evoking acts that are specific challenges for women and men in their exclusive reproductive bond. It follows that jealousy would be directed toward driving away interlopers who could potentially threaten the bond with the romantic partner or increase mate retention efforts in response to sex-specific threats. To explore this possibility, we use as a methodological innovation an economic game for the evocation of jealousy. With a modified dictator game, we showed men and women in a committed relationship, conditions in which the partner or an intrasexual rival allocates money to (investing condition), or obtains money from (receiving condition), the partner or an opposite sex third party that they recently met. A sample of 56 heterosexual couples ( n = 112) participated in a laboratory setting. Our results show the different scenarios of this dictator game exerted the expected evocation of jealousy (controlling individual differences), with women being more jealous by the partner’s allocation of resources to a rival, and men reporting slightly more jealousy by their partner receiving money from a rival. We discuss the implications of this method to advance the comprehension of the adaptive function of sex differences in jealousy, the use of economic games, and possible modifications to improve the similarity of the game to a real assessment of actual male jealousy. </jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 1
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      10
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    Acceptability of HPV Vaccines: A Qualitative Systematic Review and Meta-Summary
    (2023)
    María-Teresa Urrutia
    ;
    Alejandra-Ximena Araya
    ;
    Macarena Gajardo
    ;
    Macarena Chepo
    ;
    Romina Torres
    <jats:p>In 2006, the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine was approved for use as an effective intervention for reducing the risk of developing cervical cancer; however, its successful implementation is dependent on acceptability. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the reasons that favor or do not favor the acceptability of HPV vaccines. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-summary of qualitative research on 16 databases. A total of 32 articles that considered the perspectives of vaccine users, their parents, and the professionals who care for them were reviewed. Synthesis was conducted as described by Sandelowski and Barroso. Results: We used inductive and deductive methods to obtain a total of 22 dimensions, out of which three issues stood out that should be considered to improve acceptability and are formed by three groups of study, namely, information about the vaccine, fears and side effects, and sexuality associated with the vaccine. Conclusions: Acceptability, as well as adherence to HPV vaccination, is a complex concept. This review highlights the perspectives of the three sets of actors involved in the process (i.e., users, parents, and professionals) and views these factors in relation to acceptability as a guide for new interventions.</jats:p>
      6Scopus© Citations 7
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      5Scopus© Citations 7
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    Strengths and challenges of a school-based sexual and reproductive health program for adolescents in Chile
    (2022)
    OBACH KING, ALEXANDRA ALICE  
    ;
    Michelle Sadler
    ;
    Pascale Bussenius
    ;
    CABIESES VALDES, BALTICA BEATRIZ  
    ;
    Patricia Muñoz
    <jats:sec id="sec001"> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>Adolescent sexual and reproductive health services in Chile have been primarily provided through health centers. Although some school-based initiatives have been implemented, to date, these have not been assessed. This study aims to identify strengths and challenges of the affectivity and sexuality component of the school-based 3A Program, a health program which seeks to prevent risk behaviors and promote healthy lifestyle habits within public schools (addressing health topics which in Spanish begin with the letter ‘A’, hence ‘3A’), implemented in the municipality of Lo Prado, city of Santiago.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="sec002"> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>We carried out a qualitative study with a descriptive-interpretative approach in three schools. We conducted in-depth interviews with students, teachers, health professionals, and school principals (N = 44); and focus groups with students (N = 3), teachers and health personnel (N = 3). The interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="sec003"> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>Participants highlight the integrative approach to health and to sexual and reproductive health promoted in the 3A Program, which is enhanced by the collaboration of interdisciplinary health teams. Permanent and expedited student access to sexual and reproductive health care is achieved, and affectional bonds are developed between students and the Program’s health staff. The Program assists female participants to imagine and form identities that are not inherently tied to motherhood. It also assists boys and LGBTQ+ adolescents in feeling included as relevant actors in sexual and reproductive health and decision making. The delivery of contraception in schools is highly valued. The most significant challenge identified is ensuring effective and ongoing collaboration between health staff and teachers.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="sec004"> <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title> <jats:p>Participants value the effectivity and sexuality component of the 3A Program as an initiative to improve adolescents’ access to sexual and reproductive health care. Our findings suggest that this Program could be replicated throughout the region and the country to improve the quality and accessibility of health services for adolescents.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
    Scopus© Citations 5  1