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    Validation of the Chilean version of the Yale food addiction scale 2.0 in a non-clinical sample
    (2024)
    Ximena Díaz-Torrente
    ;
    Ana Palacio
    ;
    Carina Valenzuela
    ;
    Alvaro Vergés
    ;
    Ashley N. Gearhardt
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    Development of the set of scales to assess the job satisfaction among physicians in Peru: validity and reliability assessment
    (2021)
    David Villarreal-Zegarra
    ;
    Roberto Torres-Puente
    ;
    Ronald Castillo-Blanco
    ;
    CABIESES VALDES, BALTICA BEATRIZ  
    ;
    Luciana Bellido-Boza
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>To assess the validity and reliability of the set of scales (general professional activity, health services management, and working conditions) on the different areas of job satisfaction in Peruvian physicians based on the data from the National Survey of Satisfaction of Users in Health (ENSUSALUD).</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Method</jats:title> <jats:p>We carried out a psychometric study based on the secondary data analysis of Questionnaire 2 of ENSUSALUD-2016. Participants were selected from a two-stage stratified national probability representative sampling by political region. Validity was assessed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and measurement invariance analysis. We assessed the reliability using internal consistency coefficients (alpha and omega). The set of scales were composed of items related to three different areas of job satisfaction: 1) satisfaction with general professional activity, 2) satisfaction with the health services management, and 3) satisfaction with the working conditions of the health center.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>We included 2137 participants in the analysis. The general professional activity scale with six items (Comparative Fit Index, CFI = 0.946; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation, RMSEA = 0.071; Standardized Root Mean Square Residual, SRMR = 0.035), the health services management scale with eight items (CFI) = 0.972; RMSEA = 0.081; SRMR = 0.028), showed good measurement properties for the one-dimensional model. The working conditions scale with eight items for individual conditions and three items for infrastructural conditions (CFI = 0.914; RMSEA = 0.080; SRMR = 0.055) presented adequate measurement properties with a two-dimensional model. The invariance analysis showed that comparisons between sex, age, civil status, medical speciality, working in other institutions, work-related illness, chronic disease, and time working in the healthcare center. All scales had adequate internal consistency (ω and α between 0.70 and 0.90).</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>The set of scales has a solid factorial structure and measurement invariance, making it possible for group comparison. The study achieved stability in the scores as they showed adequate internal consistency coefficients. Based on our findings, these instruments are suitable for measuring job satisfaction among outpatient physicians throughout Peru, as our data is representative of the country level.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
    Scopus© Citations 3  4
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    Satisfaction with remote teaching during the first semester of the COVID-19 crisis: Psychometric properties of a scale for health students
    (2021)
    Cristhian Pérez-Villalobos
    ;
    Juan Ventura-Ventura
    ;
    Camila Spormann-Romeri
    ;
    MELIPILLAN ARANEDA, EDMUNDO ROBERTO  
    ;
    Catherine Jara-Reyes
    <jats:sec id="sec001"> <jats:title>Introduction</jats:title> <jats:p>Due to the health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, 220 million college students in the world had to halt face-to-face teaching and migrate to what has been called Emergency Remote Teaching, using virtual media, but without adequate preparation. The way this has impacted the student body and its satisfaction with the training process is unknown and there are no instruments backed by specific validity and reliability studies for this teaching context. This is why this study aims to analyze the psychometric properties of the Remote Teaching Satisfaction Scale applied to Chilean health sciences students.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="sec002"> <jats:title>Method</jats:title> <jats:p>Quantitative study by means of surveys. We surveyed 1,006 health careers undergraduates chosen by convenience sampling. They came from six Chilean universities, located over a distance of 3,020 kilometers and followed 7 different careers. Women comprised the 78.53%. They answered the Remote Teaching Satisfaction Scale online to evaluate their perception of the first Emergency Remote Teaching term in 2020.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="sec003"> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>A descriptive analysis of the items showed a moderate to positive evaluation of the teaching. The Confirmatory Factorial Analysis showed an adequate adjustment of the theoretical four factors model to the data obtained (CFI = 0.959; TLI = 0.953; RMSEA = 0.040). Correlations among factors oscillated from r = 0.21 to r = 0.69. The measurement invariance analysis supported the Configural, Metric and a partial Scalar model. Differences were found in three of the four factors when comparing the first-year students with those of later years. Finally, the Cronbach’s α and McDonald’s ω coefficients were over 0.70.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="sec004"> <jats:title>Discussion</jats:title> <jats:p>The results display initial psychometric evidence supporting the validity and reliability of the Remote Teaching Satisfaction Scale to assess academic satisfaction in Chilean health careers students. Likewise, it is seen that first-year students show higher satisfaction levels about the implemented teaching.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
      11Scopus© Citations 24
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    Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS): Psychometric Properties and Discriminative Capacity in Several Chilean Samples
    (2019)
    Pablo Vera-Villarroel
    ;
    Alfonso Urzúa
    ;
    Daniela Jaime
    ;
    Daniela Contreras
    ;
    Izabela Zych
    <jats:p> We evaluated the factor structure, reliability, and discriminative capacity of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) questionnaire in four different samples: two general adult populations ( N = 1,548, N = 964), one adolescent population ( N = 1,044), and young people with depressive symptomatology ( N = 307). Exploratory factor analyses (EFAs) were performed with subsamples from Studies 1 ( n = 773) and 2 ( n = 527), finding that the two- and three-factor solutions had a good fit. In a confirmatory factor analysis, the two-factor solution resulted in an adequate fit in a second set of subsamples from both studies ( n = 775, n = 517). In Study 3, we found good convergent and divergent validity with adequate and significant correlations found for depression (Beck’s Depression Inventory), anxiety (State–Trait Anxiety Inventory), and neuroticism and extroversion (Big Five Inventory). In Study 4, the results of an EFA performed in a subsample ( n = 154) found that the two- and three-factor solutions were appropriate with the former solution being confirmed in a second subsample ( n = 153). Reliability was α = .85 for positive affect and α = .87 for negative affect. The PANAS questionnaire showed adequate indicators of validity and reliability in adult and adolescent populations as well as in a sample with depressive symptoms. </jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 32  4
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    Applicability of ENCHANTED trial results to current acute ischemic stroke patients eligible for intravenous thrombolysis in England and Wales: Comparison with the Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme registry
    (2019)
    Thompson G Robinson
    ;
    Benjamin D Bray
    ;
    Lizz Paley
    ;
    Nikola Sprigg
    ;
    Xia Wang
    <jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p> Randomized controlled trials provide high-level evidence, but the necessity to include selected patients may limit the generalisability of their results. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p> Comparisons were made of baseline and outcome data between patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) recruited into the alteplase-dose arm of the international, multi-center, Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombolysis Stroke study (ENCHANTED) in the United Kingdom (UK), and alteplase-treated AIS patients registered in the UK Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme (SSNAP) registry, over the study period June 2012 to October 2015. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p> There were 770 AIS patients (41.2% female; mean age 72 years) included in ENCHANTED at sites in England and Wales, which was 19.5% of alteplase-treated AIS patients registered in the SSNAP registry. Trial participants were significantly older, had lower baseline neurological severity, less likely Asian, and had more premorbid symptoms, hypertension and atrial fibrillation. Although ENCHANTED participants had higher rates of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage than those in SSNAP, there were no differences in onset-to-treatment time, levels of disability (assessed by the modified Rankin scale) at hospital discharge, and mortality over 90 days between groups. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p> Despite the high level of participation, equipoise over the dose of alteplase among UK clinician investigators favored the inclusion of older, frailer, milder AIS patients in the ENCHANTED trial. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical trial registration</jats:title><jats:p> Clinical Trial Registration-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT01422616 </jats:p></jats:sec>
      5Scopus© Citations 1
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    Dietary Patterns of Breakfast Consumption Among Chilean University Students
    (2020)
    Ximena Díaz-Torrente
    ;
    QUINTILIANO SCARPELLI DOURADO , DAIANA APARECIDA  
    <jats:p>Breakfast is one of the most important meals of the day. A good quality breakfast must include dairy products, cereals, and fruits. The aim of this study is to determine breakfast dietary patterns and their nutritional quality among Chilean university students. A cross-sectional non-probabilistic study was conducted in 200 university students between 18 and 27 years in Santiago, Chile. To identify dietary patterns and breakfast quality, a breakfast food survey was conducted. Patterns were identified by factor analysis. Most of the subjects (53%) ate breakfast daily, with a higher prevalence among females (60.2% vs. 43.7%, p &lt; 0.05); 68% did not consume fruits and 17.5% had good breakfast quality, with no differences by sex. Four breakfast dietary patterns were identified: “dairy &amp; cereals”, “healthy”, “traditional salty” and “traditional sweet” that together explained 35.6% of the total variance. There was no sex difference in predominant dietary patterns. The “dairy &amp; cereals” and “traditional sweet” patterns were associated with regularly eating breakfast (β: −0.47, p = 0.001; β: −0.32, p = 0.020) and the “healthy” pattern with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 (β: 0.35, p = 0.024). In conclusion, breakfast quality was inadequate due to low fruit consumption and energy intake. The four identified patterns included cereals, bread, dairy, fats and sugars. Results may be usual in the planning of future interventions aimed at improving breakfast consumption and quality in university students.</jats:p>
      6  1Scopus© Citations 18