Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Macrolide, Lincosamide and Streptogramin B Resistance among Clinical Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in Chile
Journal
Antibiotics
ISSN
2079-6382
Date Issued
2022
Author(s)
Mario Quezada-Aguiluz
Alejandro Aguayo-Reyes
Cinthia Carrasco
Daniela Mejías
Pamela Saavedra
Sergio Mella-Montecinos
Andrés Opazo-Capurro
Helia Bello-Toledo
Juan C. Hormazábal
Gerardo González-Rocha
Type
Resource Types::text::journal::journal article
URL Institutional Repository
Abstract
<jats:p>Macrolides, lincosamides, and type B streptogramins (MLSB) are important therapeutic options to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections; however, resistance to these antibiotics has been emerging. In Chile, data on the MLSB resistance phenotypes are scarce in both community-(CA) and hospital-acquired (HA) MRSA isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility to MLSB was determined for sixty-eight non-repetitive isolates of each HA-(32) and CA-MRSA (36). Detection of SCCmec elements, ermA, ermB, ermC, and msrA genes was performed by PCR. The predominant clones were SCCmec I-ST5 (HA-MRSA) and type IVc-ST8 (CA-MRSA). Most of the HA-MRSA isolates (97%) showed resistance to clindamycin, erythromycin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin. Among CA-MRSA isolates, 28% were resistant to erythromycin, azithromycin, and 25% to clarithromycin. All isolates were susceptible to linezolid, vancomycin, daptomycin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and over 97% to rifampicin. The ermA gene was amplified in 88% of HA-MRSA and 17% of CA-MRSA isolates (p < 0.001). The ermC gene was detected in 6% of HA-SARM and none of CA-SARM isolates, whereas the msrA gene was only amplified in 22% of CA-MRSA (p < 0.005). Our results demonstrate the prevalence of the cMLSB resistance phenotype in all HA-MRSA isolates in Chile, with the ermA being the predominant gene identified among these isolates.</jats:p>
Cite this document
Quezada-Aguiluz, M., Aguayo-Reyes, A., Carrasco, C., Mejías, D., Saavedra, P., Mella-Montecinos, S., Opazo-Capurro, A., Bello-Toledo, H., Munita, J. M., Hormazábal, J. C., & González-Rocha, G. (2022). Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin b resistance among clinical methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus isolates in chile. Antibiotics, 11(8), 1000. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11081000
Subjects
antibiotic-resistant
;
mls<sub>b</sub> phenotype
;
mrsa