Clinical Prediction Algorithm (BRAIN) to Determine Risk of Hematoma Growth in Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Journal
Stroke
ISSN
0039-2499
1524-4628
Date Issued
2015
Author(s)
Xia Wang
Hisatomi Arima
Rustam Al-Shahi Salman
Mark Woodward
Emma Heeley
Christian Stapf
Thompson Robinson
Yining Huang
Jiguang Wang
Candice Delcourt
Craig S. Anderson
Type
Resource Types::text::journal::journal article
URL Institutional Repository
Abstract
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Background and Purpose—</jats:title>
<jats:p>We developed and validated a simple algorithm to predict the risk of hematoma growth in acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) to better inform clinicians and researchers in their efforts to improve outcomes for patients.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Methods—</jats:title>
<jats:p>We analyzed data from the computed tomography substudies of the pilot and main phases of the Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage Trials (INTERACT1 and 2, respectively). The study group was divided into a derivation cohort (INTERACT2, n=964) and a validation cohort (INTERACT1, n=346). Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with clinically significant (≥6 mL) increase in hematoma volume at 24 hours after symptom onset. A parsimonious risk score was developed on the basis of regression coefficients derived from the logistic model.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Results—</jats:title>
<jats:p>
A 24-point BRAIN score was derived from INTERACT2 (C-statistic, 0.73) based on baseline ICH volume (mL per score, ≤10=0, 10–20=5, >20=7), recurrent ICH (yes=4), anticoagulation with warfarin at symptom onset (yes=6), intraventricular extension (yes=2), and number of hours to baseline computed tomography from symptom onset (≤1=5, 1–2=4, 2–3=3, 3–4=2, 4–5=1, >5=0) predicted the probability of ICH growth (ranging from 3.4% for 0 point to 85.8% for 24 points) with good discrimination (C-statistic, 0.73) and calibration (Hosmer–Lemeshow
<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>
=0.82) in INTERACT1.
</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Conclusions—</jats:title>
<jats:p>The simple BRAIN score predicts the probability of hematoma growth in ICH. This could be used to improve risk stratification for research and clinical practice.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Clinical Trial Registration—</jats:title>
<jats:p>
URL:
<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.clinicaltrials.gov">http://www.clinicaltrials.gov</jats:ext-link>
. Unique identifier: NCT00226096 and NCT00716079.
</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:title>Background and Purpose—</jats:title>
<jats:p>We developed and validated a simple algorithm to predict the risk of hematoma growth in acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) to better inform clinicians and researchers in their efforts to improve outcomes for patients.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Methods—</jats:title>
<jats:p>We analyzed data from the computed tomography substudies of the pilot and main phases of the Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage Trials (INTERACT1 and 2, respectively). The study group was divided into a derivation cohort (INTERACT2, n=964) and a validation cohort (INTERACT1, n=346). Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with clinically significant (≥6 mL) increase in hematoma volume at 24 hours after symptom onset. A parsimonious risk score was developed on the basis of regression coefficients derived from the logistic model.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Results—</jats:title>
<jats:p>
A 24-point BRAIN score was derived from INTERACT2 (C-statistic, 0.73) based on baseline ICH volume (mL per score, ≤10=0, 10–20=5, >20=7), recurrent ICH (yes=4), anticoagulation with warfarin at symptom onset (yes=6), intraventricular extension (yes=2), and number of hours to baseline computed tomography from symptom onset (≤1=5, 1–2=4, 2–3=3, 3–4=2, 4–5=1, >5=0) predicted the probability of ICH growth (ranging from 3.4% for 0 point to 85.8% for 24 points) with good discrimination (C-statistic, 0.73) and calibration (Hosmer–Lemeshow
<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>
=0.82) in INTERACT1.
</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Conclusions—</jats:title>
<jats:p>The simple BRAIN score predicts the probability of hematoma growth in ICH. This could be used to improve risk stratification for research and clinical practice.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Clinical Trial Registration—</jats:title>
<jats:p>
URL:
<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.clinicaltrials.gov">http://www.clinicaltrials.gov</jats:ext-link>
. Unique identifier: NCT00226096 and NCT00716079.
</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
Subjects
clinical trial
;
intracerebral hemorrhage