A snapshot of cancer in Chile II: an update on research, strategies and analytical frameworks for equity, innovation and national development
Journal
Biological Research
ISSN
0717-6287
Date Issued
2024-12-18
Author(s)
Cristóbal Vacarezza
Julieta Araneda
Pamela Gonzalez
Oscar Arteaga
Katherine Marcelain
Enrique A. Castellon
Ana Periera
Maroun Khoury
Arnoldo Riquelme
Alejandro H. Corvalan
Jorge Jiménez de la Jara
Catterina Ferreccio
Carolina Goic
Bruno Nervi
Juan Carlos Roa
Gareth I. Owen
Type
journal-article
Abstract
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Introduction</jats:title>
<jats:p>Chile has achieved developed nation status and boasts a life expectancy of 81 + years; however, the healthcare and research systems are unprepared for the social and economic burden of cancer. One decade ago, the authors put forward a comprehensive analysis of cancer infrastructure, together with a series of suggestions on research orientated political policy.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Objectives</jats:title>
<jats:p>Provide an update and comment on policy, infrastructure, gender equality, stakeholder participation and new challenges in national oncology. Assess the funding and distribution of cancer investigation. Present actions for the development of oncology research, innovation and patient care.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Methods</jats:title>
<jats:p>Triangulating objective system metrics of economic, epidemiological, private and public sector resources together with policy analysis, we assessed cancer burden, infrastructure, and investigation. We analyzed governmental and private-sector cancer databases, complemented by interviews with cancer stakeholders.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Results</jats:title>
<jats:p>Governmental policy and patient advocacy have led to the recognition of cancer burden, a cancer law, and a national cancer plan. Cancer has become the leading cause of death in Chile (59,876 cases and 31,440 cancer deaths in 2022), yet only 0.36% gross domestic product (GDP) is directed to research and development. Inequalities in treatment regimens persist. Prevention policy has lowered tobacco consumption, sugar intake via soft drinks and offered a high coverage of HPV vaccines. A high-quality cancer research community is expanding, and internationally sponsored clinical oncology trials are increasing.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>
<jats:p>The cancer law has facilitated advancement in policy. Prevention policies have impacted tobacco and sugar intake, while gender equality and care inequality have entered the public forum. Cancer research is stagnated by the lack of investment. Implementation of a cancer registry and biobanking, reinforcement of prevention strategies, development of human resources, promotion of clinical trial infrastructure and investment in new technologies must be placed as a priority to permit advancements in innovation and equitable cancer care.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:title>Introduction</jats:title>
<jats:p>Chile has achieved developed nation status and boasts a life expectancy of 81 + years; however, the healthcare and research systems are unprepared for the social and economic burden of cancer. One decade ago, the authors put forward a comprehensive analysis of cancer infrastructure, together with a series of suggestions on research orientated political policy.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Objectives</jats:title>
<jats:p>Provide an update and comment on policy, infrastructure, gender equality, stakeholder participation and new challenges in national oncology. Assess the funding and distribution of cancer investigation. Present actions for the development of oncology research, innovation and patient care.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Methods</jats:title>
<jats:p>Triangulating objective system metrics of economic, epidemiological, private and public sector resources together with policy analysis, we assessed cancer burden, infrastructure, and investigation. We analyzed governmental and private-sector cancer databases, complemented by interviews with cancer stakeholders.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Results</jats:title>
<jats:p>Governmental policy and patient advocacy have led to the recognition of cancer burden, a cancer law, and a national cancer plan. Cancer has become the leading cause of death in Chile (59,876 cases and 31,440 cancer deaths in 2022), yet only 0.36% gross domestic product (GDP) is directed to research and development. Inequalities in treatment regimens persist. Prevention policy has lowered tobacco consumption, sugar intake via soft drinks and offered a high coverage of HPV vaccines. A high-quality cancer research community is expanding, and internationally sponsored clinical oncology trials are increasing.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>
<jats:p>The cancer law has facilitated advancement in policy. Prevention policies have impacted tobacco and sugar intake, while gender equality and care inequality have entered the public forum. Cancer research is stagnated by the lack of investment. Implementation of a cancer registry and biobanking, reinforcement of prevention strategies, development of human resources, promotion of clinical trial infrastructure and investment in new technologies must be placed as a priority to permit advancements in innovation and equitable cancer care.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
Subjects
chile
;
clinical trials
;
incidence
;
policy
;
research
;
south-america
;
biomedical research
;
chile
;
female
;
health policy
;
humans
;
neoplasms
;
chile
;
epidemiology
;
female
;
health care policy
;
human
;
medical research
;
neoplasm