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Water Research center for Agriculture and Mining (CRHIAM)
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15130015
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Publication

Water Use and Climate Stressors in a Multiuser River Basin Setting: Who Benefits from Adaptation?

2021 , PONCE OLIVA, ROBERTO DANIEL , Esteban Arias Montevechio , Francisco Fernández Jorquera , VÁSQUEZ LAVÍN , FELIPE ANTONIO , Alejandra Stehr

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Publication

Aligning Global Efforts for a Carbon Neutral World: The Race to Zero Campaign

2022 , SEVIL ESTEBAN, ANGEL , Gonzalo Muñoz , GODOY FAUNDEZ, ALEX ORIEL

According to the United Nations, in order to avoid some of the worst outcomes of climate change, the world must achieve net zero carbon emissions by 2050 at the very latest. That is the aim of the Race to Zero Campaign. Since 2019, more than 10,000 organizations around the world have embraced Race to Zero, which has been able to successfully create a relevant, global, and diverse cross-sector partnership, tearing down the barriers that have emerged from uncertainty. Building on three key cross-partnership elements (strategic, institutional, and learning), combined with the uncertainties faced by the partners, we describe the resources and activities that have made that possible.

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Advancing toward water security: addressing governance failures through a metagovernance of modes approach

2022 , Natalia Julio , Ricardo Figueroa , PONCE OLIVA, ROBERTO DANIEL

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Nexus Thinking at River Basin Scale: Food, Water and Welfare

2021 , PONCE OLIVA, ROBERTO DANIEL , Francisco J. Fernández , VÁSQUEZ LAVÍN , FELIPE ANTONIO , Esteban Arias Montevechio , Natalia Julio , Alejandra Stehr

Water resources face an unparalleled confluence of pressures, with agriculture and urban growth as the most relevant human-related stressors. In this context, methodologies using a Nexus framework seem to be suitable to address these challenges. However, the urban sector has been commonly ignored in the Nexus literature. We propose a Nexus framework approach, considering the economic dimensions of the interdependencies and interconnections among agriculture (food production) and the urban sector as water users within a common basin. Then, we assess the responses of both sectors to climatic and demographic stressors. In this setting, the urban sector is represented through an economic water demand at the household level, from which economic welfare is derived. Our results show that the Nexus components here considered (food, water, and welfare) will be negatively affected under the simulated scenarios. However, when these components are decomposed to their particular elements, we found that the less water-intensive sector—the urban sector—will be better off since food production will leave significant amounts of water available. Moreover, when addressing uncertainty related to climate-induced shocks, we could identify the basin resilience threshold. Our approach shows the compatibilities and divergences between food production and the urban sector under the Nexus framework.

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Water Resources and Governance Approaches: Insights for Achieving Water Security

2021 , Natalia Julio , Ricardo Figueroa , PONCE OLIVA, ROBERTO DANIEL

Integrated river basin management (IRBM) has been proposed as a means to achieve water security (WS), maximizing economic and social well-being in an equitable manner and maintaining ecosystem sustainability. IRBM is regulated by a governance process that benefits the participation of different actors and institutions; however, it has been difficult to reach a consensus on what good governance means and which governance perspective is better for achieving it. In this paper, we explore the concept of “good water governance” through the analysis of different governance approaches: experimental (EG), corporate (CG), polycentric (PG), metagovernance (MG) and adaptive (AG) governances. We used the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) water governance dimensions (effectiveness, efficiency and trust and engagement) as a “good enough water governance” that regards water governance as a process rather than an end in itself. Results indicate that each of the five governance theories presents challenges and opportunities to achieve a good governance process that can be operationalized through IRBM, and we found that these approaches can be adequately integrated if they are combined to overcome the challenges that their exclusive application implies. Our analysis suggests that a combination of AG and MG encompasses the OECD water governance dimensions, in terms of understanding “good enough water governance” as a process and a means to perform IRBM. In order to advance towards WS, the integration of different governance approaches must consider the context-specific nature of the river basin, in relation to its ecologic responses and socioeconomic characteristics.

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Publication

Sensitivity of Water Price Elasticity Estimates to Different Data Aggregation Levels

2021 , Yarela Flores Arévalo , PONCE OLIVA, ROBERTO DANIEL , Francisco J. Fernández , VÁSQUEZ LAVÍN , FELIPE ANTONIO

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