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Project Title
Viral quasispecies, oral host immune and constitutive factors in Andes virus infected cases and exposed subjects: Role in infection and transmission.
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Internal ID
1161197
Principal Investigator
Marcela Viviana Ferres Garrido
Start Date
16 March 2016
End Date
19 March 2016
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Comparison of VSV Pseudovirus and Focus Reduction Neutralization Assays for Measurement of Anti-Andes orthohantavirus Neutralizing Antibodies in Patient Samples

2020 , VIAL COX, MARIA CECILIA , Annalis Whitaker , Jan Wilhelm , Jimena Ovalle , Ruth Perez , Francisca Valdivieso , Marcela Ferres , Constanza Martinez-Valdebenito , Philip Eisenhauer , Gregory J. Mertz , Jay W. Hooper , Jason W. Botten , VIAL CLARO, PABLO AGUSTIN

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A Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism of αVβ3 Integrin Is Associated with the Andes Virus Infection Susceptibility

2019 , Constanza Martínez-Valdebenito , Jenniffer Angulo , Nicole Le Corre , Claudia Marco , VIAL COX, MARIA CECILIA , Juan Miquel , Jaime Cerda , Gregory Mertz , VIAL CLARO, PABLO AGUSTIN , Marcelo Lopez-Lastra , Marcela Ferrés

The Andes Orthohantavirus (ANDV), which causes the hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome, enters cells via integrins, and a change from leucine to proline at residue 33 in the PSI domain (L33P), impairs ANDV recognition. We assessed the association between this human polymorphism and ANDV infection. We defined susceptible and protective genotypes as “TT” (coding leucine) and “CC” (coding proline), respectively. TT was present at a rate of 89.2% (66/74) among the first cohort of ANDV cases and at 60% (63/105) among exposed close-household contacts, who remained uninfected (p < 0.05). The protective genotype (CC) was absent in all 85 ANDV cases, in both cohorts, and was present at 11.4% of the exposed close-household contacts who remained uninfected. Logistic regression modeling for risk of infection had an OR of 6.2–12.6 (p < 0.05) in the presence of TT and well-known ANDV risk activities. Moreover, an OR of 7.3 was obtained when the TT condition was analyzed for two groups exposed to the same environmental risk. Host genetic background was found to have an important role in ANDV infection susceptibility, in the studied population.

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A 19 Year Analysis of Small Mammals Associated with Human Hantavirus Cases in Chile

2019 , VIAL COX, MARIA CECILIA

Small mammals present in areas where hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) cases had occurred in central and southern Chile were captured and analyzed to evaluate the abundance of rodents and seroprevalence rates of antibodies to Andes orthohantavirus (ANDV). Sampling areas ranged from the Coquimbo to Aysén regions (30–45° S approx.) regions. Ninety-two sites in peridomestic and countryside areas were evaluated in 19 years of sampling. An antibody against ANDV was detected by strip immunoassay in 58 of 1847 specimens captured using Sherman traps. Of the eleven species of rodents sampled, Abrothrix olivacea, Oligoryzomys longicaudatus and Abrothrix hirta were the most frequently trapped. O. longicaudatus had the highest seropositivity rate, and by logistic regression analysis, O. longicaudatus of at least 60 g had 80% or higher probability to be seropositive. Sex, age and wounds were significantly related to seropositivity only for O. longicaudatus. Across administrative regions, the highest seropositivity was found in the El Maule region (34.8–36.2° S), and the highest number of HCPS cases was registered in the Aysén region. Our results highlight the importance of long term and geographically extended studies, particularly for highly fluctuating pathogens and their reservoirs, to understand the implications of the dynamics and transmission of zoonotic diseases in human populations.

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Platelet Count in Patients with Mild Disease at Admission is Associated with Progression to Severe Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome

2019 , LOPEZ HERNANDEZ, RENE RAMON , Mario Calvo , VIAL COX, MARIA CECILIA , Marcela Ferrés , GRAF SANTOS, JERÓNIMO , Gregory Mertz , Analía Cuiza , Begonia Agüero , Dante Aguilera , Diego Araya , Ignacia Pailamilla , Flavia Paratori , Víctor Torres-Torres , VIAL CLARO, PABLO AGUSTIN , DELGADO BECERRA, OROZIMBA IRIS

Background: Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) has a mortality up to 35–40% and its treatment is mainly supportive. A variable to predict progression from mild to severe disease is unavailable. This study was performed in patients with documented infection by Andes orthohantavirus, and the aim was to find a simple variable to predict progression to moderate/severe HCPS in patients with mild disease at admission. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 175 patients between 2001 and 2018. Patients were categorized into mild, moderate, and severe disease according to organ failure and advanced support need at hospital admission (e.g., mechanical ventilation, vasopressors). Progression to moderate/severe disease was defined accordingly. Clinical and laboratory variables associated with progression were explored. Results: Forty patients with mild disease were identified; 14 of them progressed to moderate/severe disease. Only platelet count was different between those who progressed versus those that did not (37 (34–58) vs. 83 (64–177) K/mm3, p < 0.001). A ROC curve analysis showed an AUC = 0.889 (0.78–1.0) p < 0.001, with a platelet count greater than 115K /mm3 ruling out progression to moderate/severe disease. Conclusions: In patients with mild disease at presentation, platelet count could help to define priority of evacuation to tertiary care centers.

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Mother-to-Child Transmission of Andes Virus through Breast Milk, Chile1

2020 , Marcela Ferrés , Constanza Martínez-Valdebenito , Jenniffer Angulo , Carolina Henríquez , Jorge Vera-Otárola , María José Vergara , Javier Pérez , Jorge Fernández , Viviana Sotomayor , María Francisca Valdés , Diego González-Candia , Nicole D. Tischler , VIAL COX, MARIA CECILIA , VIAL CLARO, PABLO AGUSTIN , Gregory Mertz , Nicole Le Corre

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