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    Juvenile Intermittent Facial Flushing: A New Entity in Children
    (Wiley, 2025-04-03)
    Marie‐Chantal Caussade
    ;
    María Trinidad Hasbún Zegpi
    ;
    Shudeshna Nag
    ;
    Albert C. Yan
    The differential diagnosis of flushing is extensive, encompassing benign and malignant entities. In this study, we herein describe three patients under 2 years of age who had similarly striking presentations of recurrent unilateral and bilateral facial flushing of unknown etiology that improved spontaneously over time. We propose the term “juvenile intermittent facial flushing” to designate this entity until we better understand its spectrum of underlying causes and determine whether this is a specific disorder or a broader phenotype for a heterogeneous group of disorders.
      3
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    Diet quality of Chilean schoolchildren: How is it linked to adherence to dietary guidelines?
    (Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2025-02-06)
    PINHEIRO FERNANDES, ANNA CHRISTINA  
    ;
    Jacqueline Araneda Flores
    ;
    QUINTILIANO SCARPELLI DOURADO , DAIANA APARECIDA  
    ;
    Tito Pizarro Quevedo
    ;
    Maria Rita Marques de Oliveira
    In Chile, the prevalence of overweight among schoolchildren over the age of 5 is approximately 50%, one of the highest in the Americas region. This is largely influenced by the presence of inadequate food environments, characterized by limited access to healthy foods and a high availability of highly processed foods (HPF). This study analyzes food consumption in Chilean schoolchildren and the association of this with the Chilean Dietary Guidelines Based on Foods (DGBF) and the HPF consumption.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="sec002"> <jats:title>Material and methods</jats:title> <jats:p>The sample (1,094 schoolchildren) was obtained from the baseline of the FONDEF IT18I0016 project, in Santiago-Chile. Anthropometry and socioeconomic data were measured. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative frequency survey featuring images of food groups aligned with DGBF, as well as HPF. All data were collected by trained professional nutritionists. Associations between dependent and independent variables, and potential confounding factors were calculated using logistic regression models with stepwise backward/forward. A p &lt; 0.05 was accepted as significant, using Stata 16.0. <jats:p>Most of the students (54.1%) were with malnutrition by excess and 20.0% exhibited abdominal obesity. Twenty percent of the students met the recommended intake for DGBF (fruits, vegetables, fish, milk and dairy products, legumes, water) and less than 5% did not consume any HPF. Consuming some sub-groups of HPF in moderate quantities (either no consumption or occasional consumption) increases the likelihood of meeting DGBF: candies and sweets (OR: 0.72; p = 0.04), pies with or without filling (OR: 0.63; p = 0.01), and salted snacks (OR: 0.67; p = 0.02).</jats:p> Conclusion Our results contribute to reaffirm the need to enhance healthy food consumption among schoolchildren and to discourage the intake of HPF, particularly focusing on specific sub-groups of HPF that may increase the risk of displacing the consumption of food groups recommended by the DGBF.</jats:p>
      4
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    Risk factors and outcomes of pediatric non-invasive respiratory support failure in Latin America
    (2024)
    Diana Paola Escobar-Serna
    ;
    Juan Sebastian Barajas-Romero
    ;
    Juan Javier Peralta-Palmezano
    ;
    Juan Camilo Jaramillo-Bustamante
    ;
    Nicolas Monteverde-Fernandez
      2
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      4
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    Detección temprana de Trastorno del Espectro Autista: revisión de las herramientas de tamizaje validadas en Chile
    (2023)
    Luisa Schonhaut B.
    ;
    Veronica Buron K
    ;
    Roxana Aguilera E.
    ;
    Lorena Vargas B.
    <jats:p>La pesquisa y derivación temprana del trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) son claves para potenciar el desarrollo de los niños afectados. Recientemente se promulgó una ley que indica realizar tamizaje de TEA en las prestaciones de salud. Esto representa un desafío para los profesionales de pediatría ambulatoria. El objetivo es revisar la utilidad en el tamizaje de TEA, de cuestionarios y escalas validadas en Chile para el screening del desarrollo psicomotor, desarrollo socio-emocional y cribado específico de TEA. El screening del desarrollo psicomotor evalúa el desempeño general desde edades tempranas, dando las primeras señales de retraso, con mayor probabilidad de que se trate de TEA si hay compromiso de los dominios social y lenguaje. Los cuestionarios socio-emocionales pueden ser aplicados precozmente, entre sus ítems se incorporaron preguntas de señales de TEA, pero no se usan rutinariamente en atención pediátrica. Las escalas específicas de screening de TEA validadas en Chile son Cuestionario Modificado de Detección del Autismo en Niños y Niñas Pequeños (M-CHAT), Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers Q-CHAT (Q-CHAT) y el Examen del Estado Mental para Autismo (AMSE), para lactantes mayores de 15/18 meses, con propiedades psicométricas prometedoras. Se recomienda complementar la observación clínica con pruebas generales para el tamizaje del desarrollo psicomotor, desarrollo socio-emocional y escalas específicas para el screening de TEA, en forma seriada en la infancia. La implementación de cuestionarios en línea permite optimiza su cobertura e interpretación. Independiente del dominio afectado, es importante realizar un seguimiento y comenzar con intervención temprana, mientras se realiza la confirmación diagnóstica.  </jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 3  2
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    Respiratory mechanics in infants with severe bronchiolitis on controlled mechanical ventilation
    (2017)
    Pablo Cruces
    ;
    Sebastián González-Dambrauskas
    ;
    Julio Quilodrán
    ;
    Jorge Valenzuela
    ;
    Javier Martínez
    Scopus© Citations 27  2
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    Fluid overload and outcomes in critically ill children: A single center prospective cohort study
    (2017)
    Franco Diaz
    ;
    Mark Benfield
    ;
    LaTanya Brown
    ;
    Leslie Hayes
      2Scopus© Citations 29
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    Sífilis congénita: presentación como shock séptico después del período neonatal
    (2012)
    Daniela Arriagada
    ;
    Alejandro Donoso
    ;
    Pablo Cruces
    ;
    Franco Díaz
      6Scopus© Citations 6
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    Respiratory and hemodynamic effects of a stepwise lung recruitment maneuver in pediatric ARDS: A feasibility study
    (2012)
    Pablo Cruces
    ;
    Alejandro Donoso
    ;
    Jorge Valenzuela
    ;
    Franco Díaz
    BackgroundLittle is known about the efficacy and safety of recruitment maneuvers (RMs) in pediatric patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We therefore assessed the effects on gas exchange and lung mechanics and the possible detrimental effects of a sequential lung RMs and decremental positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titration in pediatric ARDS patients. MethodsWe enrolled patients <15 years of age with ARDS, progressive hypoxemia, <72hr of mechanical ventilation, and hemodynamic stability. A step-wise RM and decremental PEEP trial were performed. Safety was evaluated as the occurrence of hypotension and low pulse oxymeter oxygen saturation during the maneuver and development of airleaks after. Efficacy was evaluated as changes in lung compliance (C-dyn) and gas exchange 1, 12, and 24hr after the RM. ResultsWe included 25 patients, of median age 5 (1-16) months, median weight 7.0 (4.1-9.2)kg, median PaO2/FIO2 117 (96-139), and median C-dyn 0.48 (0.41-0.68)ml/cmH(2)O/kg at baseline. Thirty RM were performed, with all completed successfully. No airleaks developed. Mild hypotension was detected during four procedures. Following RM, C-dyn, and PaO2/FIO2 increased significantly (P<0.01 each), without changes in PaCO2 (P=0.4). A >25% improvement in lung function (C-dyn or PaO2/FIO2) was observed after 90% of the RM procedures. Gas exchange worsening over the next 24hr resulted in HFOV use in 36% of patients, while the remaining subjects sustained improvements in oxygenation at 12 and 24hr. The 28-day mortality rate was 16%. ConclusionsSequential RMs were safe and well tolerated in hemodynamically stable children with ARDS. RMs and a decremental PEEP trial may improve lung function in pediatric patients with ARDS and severe hypoxemia. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:1135-1143. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
      3Scopus© Citations 31
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    Obesity and cardio-metabolic risk factors among children and adolescents with cerebral palsy
    (2020)
    Salesa Barja
    ;
    Catalina Le Roy
    ;
    CECILIA MAGDALENA SEPULVEDA HARTARD
    ;
    MARIA LUISA GUZMAN GUTIERREZ
    ;
    Marithza Olivarez
    Scopus© Citations 10  1