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Multidimensional inhibitory signatures of sentential negation in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia
(2022)
Mariano N Díaz-Rivera
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Agustina Birba
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Sol Fittipaldi
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Débora Mola
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Yurena Morera
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>Processing of linguistic negation has been associated to inhibitory brain mechanisms. However, no study has tapped this link via multimodal measures in patients with core inhibitory alterations, a critical approach to reveal direct neural correlates and potential disease markers.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>Here we examined oscillatory, neuroanatomical, and functional connectivity signatures of a recently reported Go/No-go negation task in healthy controls and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) patients, typified by primary and generalized inhibitory disruptions. To test for specificity, we also recruited persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD), a disease involving frequent but nonprimary inhibitory deficits.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>In controls, negative sentences in the No-go condition distinctly involved frontocentral delta (2–3 Hz) suppression, a canonical inhibitory marker. In bvFTD patients, this modulation was selectively abolished and significantly correlated with the volume and functional connectivity of regions supporting inhibition (e.g. precentral gyrus, caudate nucleus, and cerebellum). Such canonical delta suppression was preserved in the AD group and associated with widespread anatomo-functional patterns across non-inhibitory regions.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Discussion</jats:title> <jats:p>These findings suggest that negation hinges on the integrity and interaction of spatiotemporal inhibitory mechanisms. Moreover, our results reveal potential neurocognitive markers of bvFTD, opening a new agenda at the crossing of cognitive neuroscience and behavioral neurology.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
Scopus© Citations 18 4
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Disconnection of hippocampal networks contributes to memory dysfunction in individuals with temporal lobe epilepsy
(2019)
Travis R. Stoub
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Ada V. Chicharro
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Christopher L. Grote
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Andres M. Kanner
Scopus© Citations 7
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Reliability and agreement of ages and stages questionnaires®: Results in late preterm and term-born infants at 24 and 48 months
(2019)
SCHONHAUT, LUISA
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Silvia Martinez-Nadal
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Ivan Armijo
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Xavier Demestre
25 1Scopus© Citations 21
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Cancer History Is Associated with Slower Speed of Cognitive Decline in Patients with Amnestic Cognitive Impairment
(2022)
Rolando I. Castillo-Passi
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Rodrigo C. Vergara
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Nicole K. Rogers
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Daniela P. Ponce
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Magdalena Bennett
<jats:p>Background: Several epidemiological studies report a negative association between Cancer and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective: To characterize the trajectories of memory loss in individuals with early amnestic cognitive impairment with and without history of previous cancer. Methods: Cognitive deterioration was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) or MoCA-Memory Index Score (MoCA-MIS) biannually in subjects with early amnestic cognitive impairment followed-up retrospectively from 2007 to 2021. History of Cancer was obtained from clinical records. Simple linear regressions of MoCA-MIS scores were calculated for each subject and analyzed with K-means cluster analysis to identify subgroups with different cognitive decline trajectories. χ2 and t tests were used for descriptive categorical and continuous variables and mixed multiple linear regressions to determine cognitive decline covariates. Results: Analysis of the trajectory of cognitive decline in 141 subjects with early amnestic cognitive impairment identified two subgroups: Fast (n = 60) and Slow (n = 81) progressors. At baseline Fast progressors had better MoCA-MIS (p < 0.001) and functionality (CDR p = 0.02, AD8 p = 0.05), took less anti-dementia medications (p = 0.005), and had higher depression rates (p = 0.02). Interestingly, Fast progressors slowed their speed of memory decline (from 1.6 to 1.1 MoCA-MIS points/year) and global cognitive decline (from 2.0 to 1.4 total MoCA points/year) when Cancer history was present. Conclusion: Two trajectories of amnestic cognitive decline were identified, possibly derived from different neurophysiopathologies or clinical stages. This study suggests that a history of previous Cancer slows down amnestic cognitive decline, specifically in a subgroup of subjects with depression at baseline and accelerated deterioration at follow-up.</jats:p>
18Scopus© Citations 2
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Validation of Picture Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test for Illiteracy in Lima, Peru
(2022)
Rosa Montesinos
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Jose F. Parodi
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Monica M. Diaz
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Eder Herrera-Perez
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Elizabeth Valeriano-Lorenzo
<jats:p> Dementia in Latin America is a crucial public health problem. Identifying brief cognitive screening (BCS) tools for the primary care setting is crucial, particularly for illiterate individuals. We evaluated tool performance characteristics and validated the free and total recall sections of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test-Picture version (FCSRT-Picture) to discriminate between 63 patients with early Alzheimer’s disease dementia (ADD), 60 amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and 64 cognitively healthy Peruvian individuals with illiteracy from an urban area. Clinical, functional, and cognitive assessments were performed. FCSRT-Picture performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. The mean ± standard deviation scores were 7.7 ± 1.0 in ADD, 11.8 ± 1.6 in aMCI, and 29.5 ± 1.8 in controls. The FCSRT-Picture had better performance characteristics for distinguishing controls from aMCI compared with several other BCS tools, but similar characteristics between controls and early ADD. The FCSRT-Picture is a reliable BCS tool for illiteracy in Peru. </jats:p>
Scopus© Citations 4 1
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Multidimensional Clinical Assessment in Frontotemporal Dementia and Its Spectrum in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Narrative Review and a Glance at Future Challenges
(2022)
Fernando Henríquez
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Victoria Cabello
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Sandra Baez
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Leonardo Cruz de Souza
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Patricia Lillo
<jats:p>Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the third most common form of dementia across all age groups and is a leading cause of early-onset dementia. The Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) includes a spectrum of diseases that are classified according to their clinical presentation and patterns of neurodegeneration. There are two main types of FTD: behavioral FTD variant (bvFTD), characterized by a deterioration in social function, behavior, and personality; and primary progressive aphasias (PPA), characterized by a deficit in language skills. There are other types of FTD-related disorders that present motor impairment and/or parkinsonism, including FTD with motor neuron disease (FTD-MND), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and corticobasal syndrome (CBS). The FTD and its associated disorders present great clinical heterogeneity. The diagnosis of FTD is based on the identification through clinical assessments of a specific clinical phenotype of impairments in different domains, complemented by an evaluation through instruments, i.e., tests and questionnaires, validated for the population under study, thus, achieving timely detection and treatment. While the prevalence of dementia in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is increasing rapidly, there is still a lack of standardized instruments and consensus for FTD diagnosis. In this context, it is important to review the published tests and questionnaires adapted and/or validated in LAC for the assessment of cognition, behavior, functionality, and gait in FTD and its spectrum. Therefore, our paper has three main goals. First, to present a narrative review of the main tests and questionnaires published in LAC for the assessment of FTD and its spectrum in six dimensions: (i) Cognitive screening; (ii) Neuropsychological assessment divided by cognitive domain; (iii) Gait assessment; (iv) Behavioral and neuropsychiatric symptoms; (v) Functional assessment; and (vi) Global Rating Scale. Second, to propose a multidimensional clinical assessment of FTD in LAC identifying the main gaps. Lastly, it is proposed to create a LAC consortium that will discuss strategies to address the current challenges in the field.</jats:p>
1 4Scopus© Citations 18
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Multi-feature computational framework for combined signatures of dementia in underrepresented settings
(2022)
Sebastian Moguilner
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Agustina Birba
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Sol Fittipaldi
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Cecilia Gonzalez-Campo
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Enzo Tagliazucchi
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Objective.</jats:italic> The differential diagnosis of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains challenging in underrepresented, underdiagnosed groups, including Latinos, as advanced biomarkers are rarely available. Recent guidelines for the study of dementia highlight the critical role of biomarkers. Thus, novel cost-effective complementary approaches are required in clinical settings. <jats:italic>Approach</jats:italic>. We developed a novel framework based on a gradient boosting machine learning classifier, tuned by Bayesian optimization, on a multi-feature multimodal approach (combining demographic, neuropsychological, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and electroencephalography/functional MRI connectivity data) to characterize neurodegeneration using site harmonization and sequential feature selection. We assessed 54 bvFTD and 76 AD patients and 152 healthy controls (HCs) from a Latin American consortium (ReDLat). <jats:italic>Main results</jats:italic>. The multimodal model yielded high area under the curve classification values (bvFTD patients vs HCs: 0.93 (±0.01); AD patients vs HCs: 0.95 (±0.01); bvFTD vs AD patients: 0.92 (±0.01)). The feature selection approach successfully filtered non-informative multimodal markers (from thousands to dozens). <jats:italic>Results</jats:italic>. Proved robust against multimodal heterogeneity, sociodemographic variability, and missing data. <jats:italic>Significance</jats:italic>. The model accurately identified dementia subtypes using measures readily available in underrepresented settings, with a similar performance than advanced biomarkers. This approach, if confirmed and replicated, may potentially complement clinical assessments in developing countries.</jats:p>
Scopus© Citations 19 1 3
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Multimodal neurocognitive markers of naturalistic discourse typify diverse neurodegenerative diseases
(2021)
Agustina Birba
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Sol Fittipaldi
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Judith C Cediel Escobar
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Cecilia Gonzalez Campo
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Agustina Legaz
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Neurodegeneration has multiscalar impacts, including behavioral, neuroanatomical, and neurofunctional disruptions. Can disease-differential alterations be captured across such dimensions using naturalistic stimuli? To address this question, we assessed comprehension of four naturalistic stories, highlighting action, nonaction, social, and nonsocial events, in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) relative to Alzheimer’s disease patients and healthy controls. Text-specific correlates were evaluated via voxel-based morphometry, spatial (fMRI), and temporal (hd-EEG) functional connectivity. PD patients presented action–text deficits related to the volume of action–observation regions, connectivity across motor-related and multimodal-semantic hubs, and frontal hd-EEG hypoconnectivity. BvFTD patients exhibited social–text deficits, associated with atrophy and spatial connectivity patterns along social-network hubs, alongside right frontotemporal hd-EEG hypoconnectivity. Alzheimer’s disease patients showed impairments in all stories, widespread atrophy and spatial connectivity patterns, and heightened occipitotemporal hd-EEG connectivity. Our framework revealed disease-specific signatures across behavioral, neuroanatomical, and neurofunctional dimensions, highlighting the sensitivity and specificity of a single naturalistic task. This investigation opens a translational agenda combining ecological approaches and multimodal cognitive neuroscience for the study of neurodegeneration.</jats:p>
2Scopus© Citations 39
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Allostatic-Interoceptive Overload in Frontotemporal Dementia
(2022)
Agustina Birba
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Hernando Santamaría-García
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Pavel Prado
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Josefina Cruzat
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Agustín Sainz Ballesteros
Scopus© Citations 54 1
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GERO Cohort Protocol, Chile, 2017–2022: Community-based Cohort of Functional Decline in Subjective Cognitive Complaint elderly
(2020)
Andrea Slachevsky
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Pedro Zitko
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David Martínez-Pernía
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Gonzalo Forno
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Felipe A. Court
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>With the global population aging and life expectancy increasing, dementia has turned a priority in the health care system. In Chile, dementia is one of the most important causes of disability in the elderly and the most rapidly growing cause of death in the last 20 years. Cognitive complaint is considered a predictor for cognitive and functional decline, incident mild cognitive impairment, and incident dementia. The GERO cohort is the Chilean core clinical project of the Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO). The objective of the GERO cohort is to analyze the rate of functional decline and progression to clinical dementia and their associated risk factors in a community-dwelling elderly with subjective cognitive complaint, through a population-based study. We also aim to undertake clinical research on brain ageing and dementia disorders, to create data and biobanks with the appropriate infrastructure to conduct other studies and facilitate to the national and international scientific community access to the data and samples for research.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>The GERO cohort aims the recruitment of 300 elderly subjects (> 70 years) from Santiago (Chile), following them up for at least 3 years. Eligible people are adults not diagnosed with dementia with subjective cognitive complaint, which are reported either by the participant, a proxy or both. Participants are identified through a household census. The protocol for evaluation is based on a multidimensional approach including socio-demographic, biomedical, psychosocial, neuropsychological, neuropsychiatric and motor assessments. Neuroimaging, blood and stool samples are also obtained. This multidimensional evaluation is carried out in a baseline and 2 follow-ups assessments, at 18 and 36 months. In addition, in months 6, 12, 24, and 30, a telephone interview is performed in order to keep contact with the participants and to assess general well-being.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion</jats:title><jats:p>Our work will allow us to determine multidimensional risks factors associated with functional decline and conversion to dementia in elderly with subjective cognitive complain. The aim of our GERO group is to establish the capacity to foster cutting edge and multidisciplinary research on aging in Chile including basic and clinical research.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial registration</jats:title><jats:p><jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04265482">NCT04265482</jats:ext-link>in ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration Date: February 11, 2020. Retrospectively Registered.</jats:p></jats:sec>
Scopus© Citations 13 2

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