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      1Scopus© Citations 3
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    Tobacco endgame in the WHO European Region: Feasibility
    in light of current tobacco control status
    (2023)
    Adrián González-Marrón
    ;
    Helena Koprivnikar
    ;
    Judit Tisza
    ;
    Zsuzsa Cselkó
    ;
    Angeliki Lambrou
      10Scopus© Citations 10
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    Experts by Experience: Qualitative Evaluation of Adolescent Participation in the Development of a Technological Intervention to Prevent Youth Suicide in Chile
    (2021)
    Sara Hamilton Schilling
    ;
    CARREÑO CALDERON, ALEJANDRA ANGELICA  
    ;
    Eric Tapia
    ;
    Franco Mascayano
    ;
    Romina Pitronello
    <jats:p>Adolescent suicide is a pressing problem in Chile that has not yet been sufficiently addressed, as suicide rates have stagnated in recent years. One possible explanation could be linked to the adult-centered paradigm that continues to prevail in relation to adolescent health initiatives. In light of this, programs that seek to promote youth mental health should consider incorporating adolescents in the design process using participatory methodologies, to ensure that these initiatives are well-suited for the population. In line with this recommendation, a group of seven adolescents, 13 to 20 years of age, were incorporated into a research team to actively guide the design, development, and validation of a technology-based intervention, known as Project Clan, which was piloted to reduce adolescent suicide in schools in Chile. This group was known as the “Group of Experts,” in acknowledgment of their role as experts by experience on adolescence. A qualitative case study was conducted to explore their lived experiences, through semistructured individual in-depth interviews with six members of the group. Results showed that the adolescents had a high level of interest in mental health and had experienced problems of their own or accompanied friends who were struggling, which motivated their participation in the study. They had a critical view of the previous interventions they had received through educational institutions and valued their role in the promotion of their peers' mental health through the Group of Experts. They also highlighted the importance of creating tools that complement their daily lives and provide an alternative to existing social networks, by respecting their anonymity, providing a secure place for divulgation and self-expression, and facilitating access to professional support. We conclude that programs that address issues that affect adolescents should incorporate adolescents in the decision-making and design processes to ensure the acceptability and effectivity of their interventions.</jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 10  4
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    Status and Trends of Physical Activity Surveillance, Policy, and Research in 164 Countries: Findings From the Global Observatory for Physical Activity—GoPA! 2015 and 2020 Surveys
    (2023)
    Andrea Ramírez Varela
    ;
    Pedro C. Hallal
    ;
    Juliana Mejía Grueso
    ;
    Željko Pedišić
    ;
    Deborah Salvo
    <jats:p><jats:italic><jats:bold>Background</jats:bold>:</jats:italic> Physical activity (PA) surveillance, policy, and research efforts need to be periodically appraised to gain insight into national and global capacities for PA promotion. The aim of this paper was to assess the status and trends in PA surveillance, policy, and research in 164 countries. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Methods</jats:bold>:</jats:italic> We used data from the Global Observatory for Physical Activity (GoPA!) 2015 and 2020 surveys. Comprehensive searches were performed for each country to determine the level of development of their PA surveillance, policy, and research, and the findings were verified by the GoPA! Country Contacts. Trends were analyzed based on the data available for both survey years. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Results</jats:bold>:</jats:italic> The global 5-year progress in all 3 indicators was modest, with most countries either improving or staying at the same level. PA surveillance, policy, and research improved or remained at a high level in 48.1%, 40.6%, and 42.1% of the countries, respectively. PA surveillance, policy, and research scores decreased or remained at a low level in 8.3%, 15.8%, and 28.6% of the countries, respectively. The highest capacity for PA promotion was found in Europe, the lowest in Africa and low- and lower-middle-income countries. Although a large percentage of the world’s population benefit from at least some PA policy, surveillance, and research efforts in their countries, 49.6 million people are without PA surveillance, 629.4 million people are without PA policy, and 108.7 million live in countries without any PA research output. A total of 6.3 billion people or 88.2% of the world’s population live in countries where PA promotion capacity should be significantly improved. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Conclusion</jats:bold>:</jats:italic> Despite PA is essential for health, there are large inequalities between countries and world regions in their capacity to promote PA. Coordinated efforts are needed to reduce the inequalities and improve the global capacity for PA promotion.</jats:p>
      1  2Scopus© Citations 46
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    “If I get sick here, I will never see my children again”: The mental health of international migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile
    (2022)
    Alice Blukacz
    ;
    CABIESES VALDES, BALTICA BEATRIZ  
    ;
    Kate E. Pickett
    ;
    OBACH KING, ALEXANDRA ALICE  
    ;
    Paula Madrid
    <jats:sec id="sec001"> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the mental health of international migrants globally. Chile has managed its response to the pandemic in an ongoing context of social unrest and combined regional migratory and humanitarian crisis. The country’s population presents a high prevalence of common mental disorders and a high suicide rate, with limited access to mental healthcare. International migrants in Chile represent 8% of the total population, and although a socioeconomically heterogenous group, they face social vulnerability, a range of mental health stressors and additional barriers to access mental healthcare. This study describes the mental health outcomes, stressors, response, and coping strategies perceived by international migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="sec002"> <jats:title>Methods and findings</jats:title> <jats:p>A qualitative case study was carried out through individual online interviews to 30 international migrants living in Chile during the pandemic and 10 experts of the social and health care sectors. An inductive content analysis was carried out, a process during which the researchers sought to identify patterns and themes derived from the data. Participants experienced mainly negative mental health outcomes, including anxiety and depression symptomatology. Stressors included the virus itself, work, living and socioeconomic conditions, discrimination, fear for their family and distance caring. Institutional responses to address the mental health of international migrants during the pandemic in Chile were limited and participants relied mainly on individual coping strategies.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="sec003"> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>The pandemic can represent an important opportunity to strengthen mental health systems for the general population as well as for population groups experiencing social vulnerability, if the issues identified and the lessons learned are translated into action at national, regional, and international level. Promoting the mental health of international migrants means recognising migration as a social determinant of mental health and adopting a cross-cultural as well as a Human Rights approach.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
    Scopus© Citations 4  5
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    Actualización del Plan Estratégico de la Asociación Latinoamericana de Tórax (ALAT). «Los diez mandamientos para el quinquenio 2021-2026»
    (2021)
    Mark Cohen
    ;
    Alejandro Casas
    ;
    Gustavo Zabert
    ;
    Carlos A. Torres-Duque
    ;
    Francisco Arancibia
      17Scopus© Citations 1
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    Scopus© Citations 38  1
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    Results From Chile’s 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth
    (2016)
    Nicolas Aguilar-Farias
    ;
    Andrea Cortinez-O’Ryan
    ;
    Kabir P. Sadarangani
    ;
    Astrid Von Oetinger
    ;
    Jaime Leppe  
    <jats:sec sec-type="background"><jats:title>Background:</jats:title><jats:p>The 2016 Chilean Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth is a review of the evidence across indicators of behaviors, settings, and sources of influence associated with physical activity (PA) of Chilean children and youth.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type="methods"><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p>A Research Work Group reviewed available evidence from publications, surveys, government documents and datasets to assign a grade for 11 indicators for PA behavior based on the percentage of compliance for defined benchmarks. Grades were defined as follows: <jats:italic>A</jats:italic>, 81% to 100% of children accomplishing a given benchmark; <jats:italic>B</jats:italic>, 61% to 80%; <jats:italic>C</jats:italic>, 41% to 60%; <jats:italic>D</jats:italic>, 21% to 40%; <jats:italic>F</jats:italic>, 0% to 20%; <jats:italic>INC</jats:italic>, incomplete data available to assign score.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type="results"><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p>Grades assigned were for i) ‘Behaviors that contribute to overall PA levels’: Overall PA, <jats:italic>F</jats:italic>; Organized Sport Participation, <jats:italic>D</jats:italic>; Active Play, <jats:italic>INC</jats:italic>; and Active Transportation, <jats:italic>C</jats:italic>-; ii) ‘Factors associated with cardiometabolic risk’: Sedentary Behavior, <jats:italic>D</jats:italic>; Overweight and Obesity, <jats:italic>F</jats:italic>; Fitness, <jats:italic>F</jats:italic>; and iii) ‘Factors that influence PA’: Family and Peers, <jats:italic>D</jats:italic>; School, <jats:italic>D</jats:italic>; Community and Built Environment, <jats:italic>C</jats:italic>; Government Strategies and Investments, <jats:italic>C</jats:italic>.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type="conclusions"><jats:title>Conclusions:</jats:title><jats:p>Chile faces a major challenge as most PA indicators scored low. There were clear research and information gaps that need to be filled with the implementation of consistent and regular data collection methods.</jats:p></jats:sec>
      7Scopus© Citations 37