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SARS-CoV-2 Infection Risk by Vaccine Doses and Prior Infections Over 24 Months: ProHEpiC-19 Longitudinal Study
(JMIR Publications Inc., 2024-11-22)
Pere Torán-Monserrat
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Noemí Lamonja-Vicente
;
Anna Costa-Garrido
;
Lucía A Carrasco-Ribelles
;
Bibiana Quirant
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:sec sec-type="background"> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>As the vaccination campaign against COVID-19 progresses, it becomes crucial to comprehend the lasting effects of vaccination on safeguarding against new infections or reinfections.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec sec-type="objective"> <jats:title>Objective</jats:title> <jats:p>This study aimed to assess the risk of new SARS-CoV-2 infections based on the number of vaccine doses, prior infections, and other clinical characteristics.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec sec-type="methods"> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>We defined a cohort of 800 health care workers in a 24-month study (March 2020 to December 2022) in northern Barcelona to determine new infections by SARS-CoV-2. We used extended Cox models, specifically Andersen-Gill (AG) and Prentice-Williams-Peterson, and we examined the risk of new infections. The AG model incorporated variables such as sex, age, job title, number of chronic conditions, vaccine doses, and prior infections. Additionally, 2 Prentice-Williams-Peterson models were adjusted, one for those individuals with no or 1 infection and another for those with 2 or 3 infections, both with the same covariates as the AG model.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec sec-type="results"> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>The 800 participants (n=605, 75.6% women) received 1, 2, 3, and 4 doses of the vaccine. Compared to those who were unvaccinated, the number of vaccine doses significantly reduced (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic><.001) the risk of infection by 66%, 81%, 89%, and 99%, respectively. Unit increase in the number of prior infections reduced the risk of infection by 75% (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic><.001). When separating individuals by number of previous infections, risk was significantly reduced for those with no or 1 infection by 61% (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>=.02), and by 88%, 93%, and 99% (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic><.001) with 1, 2, 3, or 4 doses, respectively. In contrast, for those with 2 or 3 previous infections, the reduction was only significant with the fourth dose, at 98% (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic><.001). The number of chronic diseases only increased the risk by 28%‐31% (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic><.001) for individuals with 0‐1 previous infections.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec sec-type="conclusions"> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>The study suggests that both prior infections and vaccination status significantly contribute to SARS-CoV-2 immunity, supporting vaccine effectiveness in reducing risk of reinfection for up to 24 months after follow-up from the onset of the pandemic. These insights contribute to our understanding of long-term immunity dynamics and inform strategies for mitigating the impact of COVID-19.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
Scopus© Citations 1 2
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Novel and recurrent COL7A1 mutations in Chilean patients with dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
(2012)
Fernando A. Rodríguez
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María José Gana
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YUBERO GONCALVEZ, MARIA JOAO
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Gisela Zillmann
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Susanne M. Krämer
Scopus© Citations 14 1
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Cervical Artery Dissections with and without stroke, risk factors and prognosis: a Chilean prospective cohort
(2020)
MAZZON AGURTO, ENRICO
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D. Rocha
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BRUNSER, ALEJANDRO
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C. De la Barra
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X. Stecher
Scopus© Citations 7 3
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Beginning to Explore the High Rate of Work Limitation in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis in Chile
(2015)
Josefina Gracia Durán
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Gonzalo Valdivia
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Loreto Massardo
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Sergio Jacobelli
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Leonidas Llanos
Scopus© Citations 2 1
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Predictors of relapse and treatment outcomes in biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis: a retrospective cohort study
(2016)
CRISTIAN HUMBERTO LABARCA SOLAR
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Matthew J. Koster
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Cynthia S. Crowson
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Ashima Makol
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Steven R. Ytterberg
4Scopus© Citations 147
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The boundaries of mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): Design of the searching clinical COPD onset (SOON) study
(2017)
Gonzalo Labarca
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Andrea Bustamante
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Gonzalo Valdivia
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Rodrigo Díaz
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Álvaro Huete
<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction</jats:title><jats:p>Clinical onset of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the point at which the disease is first identifiable by physicians. It is a poorly defined stage which seems to include both mild spirometric and non-spirometric disease, and could be described as early grade COPD, for practical purposes. While dyspnoea; chronic bronchitis and CT imaging evidence of emphysema and airway disease may be present very early, the lone significance of dyspnoea, the most relevant symptom in COPD in identifying these individuals, has been scarcely assessed.</jats:p><jats:p>The Searching Clinical COPD Onset (SOON) Study was designed primarily to detect clinical, physiological and structural differences between dyspnoeic and non-dyspnoeic individuals with early grade COPD. It is hypothesised that presence of dyspnoea in early disease may identify a subtype of individuals with reduced exercise capacity, notwithstanding of their spirometry results. In addition, dyspnoeic individuals will share worse quality of life, lower physical activity, greater lung hyperinflation greater emphysema and airway thickness and reduced peripheral muscle mass than their non-dyspnoeic counterpart.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and analysis</jats:title><jats:p>SOON is a monocentric study, with a cross sectional design aimed at obtaining representative samples of current or ex-smoker-adults aged ≥45 and ≤80 years. Two hundred and forty participants will be enrolled into four strata, according to normal spirometry or mild spirometric obstruction and presence or not of dyspnoea modified Medical Research Council score ≥1. The primary outcome will be the difference between dyspnoeic and non-dyspnoeic individuals on the 6-min walk test performance, regardless of their spirometry results. To account for the confounding effect of heart failure on dyspnoea, stress echocardiography will be also performed. Secondary outcomes will include clinical (quality of life, physical activity), physiological (exercise testing) and structural characteristics (emphysema, airway disease and peripheral muscle mass by CT imaging).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Ethics and dissemination</jats:title><jats:p>The Institutional Ethics Committee from Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile has approved the study protocol and signed informed consent will be obtained from all participants. The findings of the trial will be disseminated through relevant peer-reviewed journals and international conference presentations.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial registration number</jats:title><jats:p>NCT03026439.</jats:p></jats:sec>
3Scopus© Citations 5

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