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    ¿Ha disminuido la colectomía por crisis de colitis ulcerosa?
    (2023)
    Nicolás Besser
    ;
    Erika Chacón
    ;
    Andrés Iglesias
    ;
    Manuel Álvarez-Lobos
    ;
    Carolina Pavez
      1
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    Intensive Care Unit–Acquired Weakness in Patients With Acute Kidney Injury: A Contemporary Review
    (2023)
    J. Pedro Teixeira
    ;
    Kirby P. Mayer
    ;
    Benjamin R. Griffin
    ;
    Naomi George
    ;
    Nathaniel Jenkins
    Scopus© Citations 11  6
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    Cancer History Is Associated with Slower Speed of Cognitive Decline in Patients with Amnestic Cognitive Impairment
    (2022)
    Rolando I. Castillo-Passi
    ;
    Rodrigo C. Vergara
    ;
    Nicole K. Rogers
    ;
    Daniela P. Ponce
    ;
    Magdalena Bennett
    <jats:p>Background: Several epidemiological studies report a negative association between Cancer and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective: To characterize the trajectories of memory loss in individuals with early amnestic cognitive impairment with and without history of previous cancer. Methods: Cognitive deterioration was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) or MoCA-Memory Index Score (MoCA-MIS) biannually in subjects with early amnestic cognitive impairment followed-up retrospectively from 2007 to 2021. History of Cancer was obtained from clinical records. Simple linear regressions of MoCA-MIS scores were calculated for each subject and analyzed with K-means cluster analysis to identify subgroups with different cognitive decline trajectories. χ2 and t tests were used for descriptive categorical and continuous variables and mixed multiple linear regressions to determine cognitive decline covariates. Results: Analysis of the trajectory of cognitive decline in 141 subjects with early amnestic cognitive impairment identified two subgroups: Fast (n = 60) and Slow (n = 81) progressors. At baseline Fast progressors had better MoCA-MIS (p &lt; 0.001) and functionality (CDR p = 0.02, AD8 p = 0.05), took less anti-dementia medications (p = 0.005), and had higher depression rates (p = 0.02). Interestingly, Fast progressors slowed their speed of memory decline (from 1.6 to 1.1 MoCA-MIS points/year) and global cognitive decline (from 2.0 to 1.4 total MoCA points/year) when Cancer history was present. Conclusion: Two trajectories of amnestic cognitive decline were identified, possibly derived from different neurophysiopathologies or clinical stages. This study suggests that a history of previous Cancer slows down amnestic cognitive decline, specifically in a subgroup of subjects with depression at baseline and accelerated deterioration at follow-up.</jats:p>
      18Scopus© Citations 2
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      3Scopus© Citations 7
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    Hypertensive Nephropathy: Unveiling the Possible Involvement of Hemichannels and Pannexons
    (2022)
    Claudia M. Lucero
    ;
    Juan Prieto-Villalobos
    ;
    Lucas Marambio-Ruiz
    ;
    Javiera Balmazabal
    ;
    Tanhia F. Alvear
    <jats:p>Hypertension is one of the most common risk factors for developing chronic cardiovascular diseases, including hypertensive nephropathy. Within the glomerulus, hypertension causes damage and activation of mesangial cells (MCs), eliciting the production of large amounts of vasoactive and proinflammatory agents. Accordingly, the activation of AT1 receptors by the vasoactive molecule angiotensin II (AngII) contributes to the pathogenesis of renal damage, which is mediated mostly by the dysfunction of intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) signaling. Similarly, inflammation entails complex processes, where [Ca2+]i also play crucial roles. Deregulation of this second messenger increases cell damage and promotes fibrosis, reduces renal blood flow, and impairs the glomerular filtration barrier. In vertebrates, [Ca2+]i signaling depends, in part, on the activity of two families of large-pore channels: hemichannels and pannexons. Interestingly, the opening of these channels depends on [Ca2+]i signaling. In this review, we propose that the opening of channels formed by connexins and/or pannexins mediated by AngII induces the ATP release to the extracellular media, with the subsequent activation of purinergic receptors. This process could elicit Ca2+ overload and constitute a feed-forward mechanism, leading to kidney damage.</jats:p>
      5Scopus© Citations 18
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    Scopus© Citations 8  2
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    Scopus© Citations 11  12
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    Diagnosis and classification of optic neuritis
    (2022)
    Axel Petzold
    ;
    Clare L Fraser
    ;
    Mathias Abegg
    ;
    Raed Alroughani
    ;
    Daniah Alshowaeir
    Scopus© Citations 81  2
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    Precise, simplified diagnostic criteria and optimised management of initial-onset Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease: an updated review
    (2021)
    Carl P. Herbort
    ;
    Ilknur Tugal-Tutkun
    ;
    Ahmed Abu-El-Asrar
    ;
    Amod Gupta
    ;
    Masaru Takeuchi
      17Scopus© Citations 44
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    Pathological axis fracture secondary to a solitary bone plasmacytoma: Two cases and a literature review
    (2021)
    YURAC BARRIENTOS, RATKO JOVAN  
    ;
    Alvaro Silva
    ;
    Matias Delgado
    ;
    Marilaura Nuñez
    ;
    Juan Lopez
    <jats:sec id="st1"> <jats:title>Background: </jats:title> <jats:p>Solitay bone plasmocytoma (SBP) account for just 5–10% of all plasma cell neoplasms. They are infrequent in the cervical spine, especially involving the C0–C2 segment. In this article we conducted a literature review and present the diagnosis, management and long term course of two patients with SBP of C2 causing cervical instability.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="st2"> <jats:title>Methods: </jats:title> <jats:p>We assessed the clinical records of two patients with SBP in C2 and cervical instability attributed to SP-B involving C2. Both patients presented with progressive, severe cervicalgia, and the “sensation” of skull instability. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an extensive, infiltrative lesion involving C2 vertebral body and lateral masses, consistent with a plasmacytoma.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="st3"> <jats:title>Results: </jats:title> <jats:p>Both patients underwent emergency posterior surgical stabilization with craniocervical fixation; this was accompanied by a C2 transpedicular biopsy. Postoperatively, patients exhibited no focal neurological deficits and rapidly became pain free. They additional recieved 25 sessions of local conventional radiation therapy. Both patients are doing well as respective 2 and 7-year follow-up.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="st4"> <jats:title>Conclusion: </jats:title> <jats:p>Although rare, unstable SBP may present atypical cervical location that readily responds to surgical descompression/fusion and radiotherapy.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
    Scopus© Citations 2  1