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    Item type:Publication,
    Polycaprolactone-based scaffolds for guided tissue regeneration in periodontal therapy: A systematic review
    (2023)
    Florencia Antunovic
    ;
    Felipe Tolosa
    ;
    Catherine Klein
    ;
    René Ocaranza
    <jats:sec><jats:title>Background:</jats:title><jats:p> Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a highly recognized synthetic polymer for its biocompatibility, ease of fabrication and mechanical strength in bone tissue engineering. Its applications have extended broadly, including regeneration of oral and maxillofacial lost tissues. Its usefulness has brought attention of researchers to regenerate periodontal lost tissues, including alveolar bone, periodontal ligament and cementum. The aim of this systematic review was to obtain an updated analysis of the contribution of PCL-based scaffolds in the alveolar bone regeneration process. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> This review adheres to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines for systematic reviews. A computerized search of the PubMed, EBSCO, Scielo and Web of Science databases was performed, restricting literature search to published studies in English or Spanish between January 2002 and March 2023. Database search returned 248 studies which were screened based on title, author names and publication dates. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> Data from 17 studies were reviewed and tabulated. All studies combined PCL with other biomaterials (such as Alginate, hydroxyapatite, bioactive glass, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)), growth factors (BMP-2, rhCEMP1), and/or mesenchymal stromal cells (adipose-derived, bone marrow, periodontal ligament or gingiva mesenchymal stromal cells). PCL scaffolds showed higher cell viability and osteoinductive potential when combined with bioactive agents. Complementary, its degradation rates were affected by the addition or exposure to specific substances, such as: Dopamine, Cerium Oxide, PLGA and hydrogen peroxide. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:</jats:title><jats:p> PCL is an effective biomaterial for alveolar bone regeneration in periodontally affected teeth. It could be part of a new generation of biomaterials with improved regenerative potential. </jats:p></jats:sec>
    Scopus© Citations 15
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    Microencapsulation of cellular aggregates composed of differentiated insulin and glucagon-producing cells from human mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue
    (2020)
    Claudia Jara
    ;
    Felipe Oyarzun-Ampuero
    ;
    Flavio Carrión
    ;
    Esteban González-Echeverría
    ;
    Claudio Cappelli
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>In type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) pancreatic β cells are destroyed. Treatment entails exogenous insulin administration and strict diet control, yet optimal glycemic control is hardly attainable. Islet transplant could be an alternative in patients with poor glycemic control, but inefficient islet purification and autoimmune response of patients is still a challenge. For these reasons, it is necessary to explore new cellular sources and immunological isolation methods oriented to develop T1DM cell-based therapies.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Aims</jats:title> <jats:p>We postulate human adipose-derived stem cell (hASC) as an adequate source to generate pancreatic islet cells in vitro, and to produce islet-like structures. Furthermore, we propose microencapsulation of these aggregates as an immunological isolation strategy.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>hASC obtained from lipoaspirated fat tissue from human donors were differentiated in vitro to insulin (Ins) and glucagon (Gcg) producing cells. Then, insulin producing cells (IPC) and glucagon producing cells (GPC) were cocultured in low adhesion conditions to form cellular aggregates, and later encapsulated in a sodium alginate polymer. Expression of pancreatic lineage markers and secretion of insulin or glucagon in vitro were analyzed.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>The results show that multipotent hASC efficiently differentiate to IPC and GPC, and express pancreatic markers, including insulin or glucagon hormones which they secrete upon stimulation (fivefold for insulin in IPC, and fourfold for glucagon, compared to undifferentiated cells). In turn, calculation of the Feret diameter and area of cellular aggregates revealed mean diameters of ~ 80 µm, and 65% of the aggregates reached 4000 µm<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> at 72 h of formation. IPC/GPC aggregates were then microencapsulated in sodium-alginate polymer microgels, which were found to be more stable when stabilized with Ba<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup>, yielding average diameters of ~ 300 µm. Interestingly, Ba<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup>-microencapsulated aggregates respond to high external glucose with insulin secretion.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>The IPC/GPC differentiation process from hASC, followed by the generation of cellular aggregates that are later microencapsulated, could represent a possible treatment for T1DM.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
      16Scopus© Citations 9