Microencapsulation of cellular aggregates composed of differentiated insulin and glucagon-producing cells from human mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue
Journal
Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome
ISSN
1758-5996
Date Issued
2020
Author(s)
Claudia Jara
Felipe Oyarzun-Ampuero
Esteban González-Echeverría
Claudio Cappelli
Pablo Caviedes
Type
Resource Types::text::journal::journal article
URL Institutional Repository
Abstract
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Background</jats:title>
<jats:p>In type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) pancreatic β cells are destroyed. Treatment entails exogenous insulin administration and strict diet control, yet optimal glycemic control is hardly attainable. Islet transplant could be an alternative in patients with poor glycemic control, but inefficient islet purification and autoimmune response of patients is still a challenge. For these reasons, it is necessary to explore new cellular sources and immunological isolation methods oriented to develop T1DM cell-based therapies.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Aims</jats:title>
<jats:p>We postulate human adipose-derived stem cell (hASC) as an adequate source to generate pancreatic islet cells in vitro, and to produce islet-like structures. Furthermore, we propose microencapsulation of these aggregates as an immunological isolation strategy.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Methods</jats:title>
<jats:p>hASC obtained from lipoaspirated fat tissue from human donors were differentiated in vitro to insulin (Ins) and glucagon (Gcg) producing cells. Then, insulin producing cells (IPC) and glucagon producing cells (GPC) were cocultured in low adhesion conditions to form cellular aggregates, and later encapsulated in a sodium alginate polymer. Expression of pancreatic lineage markers and secretion of insulin or glucagon in vitro were analyzed.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Results</jats:title>
<jats:p>The results show that multipotent hASC efficiently differentiate to IPC and GPC, and express pancreatic markers, including insulin or glucagon hormones which they secrete upon stimulation (fivefold for insulin in IPC, and fourfold for glucagon, compared to undifferentiated cells). In turn, calculation of the Feret diameter and area of cellular aggregates revealed mean diameters of ~ 80 µm, and 65% of the aggregates reached 4000 µm<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> at 72 h of formation. IPC/GPC aggregates were then microencapsulated in sodium-alginate polymer microgels, which were found to be more stable when stabilized with Ba<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup>, yielding average diameters of ~ 300 µm. Interestingly, Ba<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup>-microencapsulated aggregates respond to high external glucose with insulin secretion.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>
<jats:p>The IPC/GPC differentiation process from hASC, followed by the generation of cellular aggregates that are later microencapsulated, could represent a possible treatment for T1DM.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:title>Background</jats:title>
<jats:p>In type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) pancreatic β cells are destroyed. Treatment entails exogenous insulin administration and strict diet control, yet optimal glycemic control is hardly attainable. Islet transplant could be an alternative in patients with poor glycemic control, but inefficient islet purification and autoimmune response of patients is still a challenge. For these reasons, it is necessary to explore new cellular sources and immunological isolation methods oriented to develop T1DM cell-based therapies.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Aims</jats:title>
<jats:p>We postulate human adipose-derived stem cell (hASC) as an adequate source to generate pancreatic islet cells in vitro, and to produce islet-like structures. Furthermore, we propose microencapsulation of these aggregates as an immunological isolation strategy.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Methods</jats:title>
<jats:p>hASC obtained from lipoaspirated fat tissue from human donors were differentiated in vitro to insulin (Ins) and glucagon (Gcg) producing cells. Then, insulin producing cells (IPC) and glucagon producing cells (GPC) were cocultured in low adhesion conditions to form cellular aggregates, and later encapsulated in a sodium alginate polymer. Expression of pancreatic lineage markers and secretion of insulin or glucagon in vitro were analyzed.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Results</jats:title>
<jats:p>The results show that multipotent hASC efficiently differentiate to IPC and GPC, and express pancreatic markers, including insulin or glucagon hormones which they secrete upon stimulation (fivefold for insulin in IPC, and fourfold for glucagon, compared to undifferentiated cells). In turn, calculation of the Feret diameter and area of cellular aggregates revealed mean diameters of ~ 80 µm, and 65% of the aggregates reached 4000 µm<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> at 72 h of formation. IPC/GPC aggregates were then microencapsulated in sodium-alginate polymer microgels, which were found to be more stable when stabilized with Ba<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup>, yielding average diameters of ~ 300 µm. Interestingly, Ba<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup>-microencapsulated aggregates respond to high external glucose with insulin secretion.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>
<jats:p>The IPC/GPC differentiation process from hASC, followed by the generation of cellular aggregates that are later microencapsulated, could represent a possible treatment for T1DM.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
Subjects
adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells
;
cell therapy
;
cellular aggregates
;
cellular differentiation
;
diabetes
;
microencapsulation
;
alginic acid
;
barium ion
;
cell marker
;
glucagon
;
glucose
;
insulin
;
polymer
;
adipose tissue
;
adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cell
;
adult
;
article
;
cell adhesion
;
cell aggregation
;
cell culture
;
cell differentiation
;
cell isolation
;
cell lineage
;
cell stimulation
;
coculture
;
controlled study
;
donor
;
glucagon release
;
human
;
human cell
;
immunology
;
in vitro study
;
insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
;
insulin release
;
mesenchymal stem cell
;
microencapsulation
;
pancreas islet alpha cell
;
pancreas islet beta cell
;
priority journal
;
protein expression