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Author: search.filters.author.Maria Rita Marques de OliveiraSubject: search.filters.subject.human

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    Item type:Publication,
    Diet quality of Chilean schoolchildren: How is it linked to adherence to dietary guidelines?
    (Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2025-02-06)
    PINHEIRO FERNANDES, ANNA CHRISTINA  
    ;
    Jacqueline Araneda Flores
    ;
    QUINTILIANO SCARPELLI DOURADO , DAIANA APARECIDA  
    ;
    Tito Pizarro Quevedo
    ;
    Maria Rita Marques de Oliveira
    In Chile, the prevalence of overweight among schoolchildren over the age of 5 is approximately 50%, one of the highest in the Americas region. This is largely influenced by the presence of inadequate food environments, characterized by limited access to healthy foods and a high availability of highly processed foods (HPF). This study analyzes food consumption in Chilean schoolchildren and the association of this with the Chilean Dietary Guidelines Based on Foods (DGBF) and the HPF consumption.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="sec002"> <jats:title>Material and methods</jats:title> <jats:p>The sample (1,094 schoolchildren) was obtained from the baseline of the FONDEF IT18I0016 project, in Santiago-Chile. Anthropometry and socioeconomic data were measured. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative frequency survey featuring images of food groups aligned with DGBF, as well as HPF. All data were collected by trained professional nutritionists. Associations between dependent and independent variables, and potential confounding factors were calculated using logistic regression models with stepwise backward/forward. A p &lt; 0.05 was accepted as significant, using Stata 16.0. <jats:p>Most of the students (54.1%) were with malnutrition by excess and 20.0% exhibited abdominal obesity. Twenty percent of the students met the recommended intake for DGBF (fruits, vegetables, fish, milk and dairy products, legumes, water) and less than 5% did not consume any HPF. Consuming some sub-groups of HPF in moderate quantities (either no consumption or occasional consumption) increases the likelihood of meeting DGBF: candies and sweets (OR: 0.72; p = 0.04), pies with or without filling (OR: 0.63; p = 0.01), and salted snacks (OR: 0.67; p = 0.02).</jats:p> Conclusion Our results contribute to reaffirm the need to enhance healthy food consumption among schoolchildren and to discourage the intake of HPF, particularly focusing on specific sub-groups of HPF that may increase the risk of displacing the consumption of food groups recommended by the DGBF.</jats:p>
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    Item type:Publication,
    Ambiente alimentar e excesso de peso em escolares: uma revisão sistemática sul-americana
    (2022)
    Najla de Oliveira Cardozo
    ;
    Alex Harley Crisp
    ;
    PINHEIRO FERNANDES, ANNA CHRISTINA  
    ;
    Angela Cristina Bizzotto Trude
    ;
    Jacqueline Araneda-Flores
    <sec> <title>Objetivo.</title> <p>Identificar e compilar os achados de estudos observacionais que analisaram a relação de fatores do ambiente alimentar escolar e individuais de consumo na escola com excesso de peso em escolares da América do Sul no período de 2011 a 2021.</p> </sec> <sec> <title>Métodos.</title> <p>A pesquisa foi realizada em cinco bases de dados (PubMed, Web of Science, SciELO, Scopus e LILACS) e no Google Scholar, além de consulta a especialistas. Foram selecionados estudos observacionais com escolares de 5 a 19 anos, realizados na América do Sul, que usaram medidas objetivas para avaliar excesso de peso, como o índice de massa corporal (Organização Mundial da Saúde e/ou International Obesity Task Force), em associação a fatores do ambiente alimentar escolar e individuais de consumo na escola. O protocolo foi registrado na plataforma PROSPERO (CRD42020212383).</p> </sec> <sec> <title>Resultados.</title> <p>Dos 906 registros identificados, 13 estudos transversais (um da Argentina, um do Equador e 11 do Brasil) foram incluídos na revisão. As prevalências variaram de 7,5% a 32,5% para sobrepeso e 1,7% a 28,0% para obesidade. Fatores do ambiente alimentar escolar, dos domínios político e físico (como educação alimentar e nutricional insatisfatória e indisponibilidade de refeições preparadas na escola) se associaram com maiores prevalências de excesso de peso. Fatores individuais relacionados à adesão ao programa de alimentação escolar (como consumo da alimentação oferecida pela escola ao invés de lanche trazido de casa) se associaram a menores prevalências de excesso de peso.</p> </sec> <sec> <title>Conclusões.</title> <p>São escassos os estudos sul-americanos enfocando a associação entre fatores do ambiente alimentar escolar e/ou individuais e excesso de peso em escolares. As evidências restritas a contextos locais ou regionais incentivam novos estudos de abrangência nacional.</p> </sec>
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