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Author: search.filters.author.Leonie KauselSubject: search.filters.subject.human

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    “There Is No (Where a)<i>Face</i>Like Home”: Recognition and Appraisal Responses to Masked Facial<i>Dialects</i>of Emotion in Four Different National Cultures
    (2021)
    Myron Tsikandilakis
    ;
    Zhaoliang Yu
    ;
    Leonie Kausel
    ;
    Gonzalo Boncompte
    ;
    Renzo C. Lanfranco
    <jats:p>The theory of universal emotions suggests that certain emotions such as fear, anger, disgust, sadness, surprise and happiness can be encountered cross-culturally. These emotions are expressed using specific facial movements that enable human communication. More recently, theoretical and empirical models have been used to propose that universal emotions could be expressed via discretely different facial movements in different cultures due to the non-convergent social evolution that takes place in different geographical areas. This has prompted the consideration that own-culture emotional faces have distinct evolutionary important sociobiological value and can be processed automatically, and without conscious awareness. In this paper, we tested this hypothesis using backward masking. We showed, in two different experiments per country of origin, to participants in Britain, Chile, New Zealand and Singapore, backward masked own and other-culture emotional faces. We assessed detection and recognition performance, and self-reports for emotionality and familiarity. We presented thorough cross-cultural experimental evidence that when using Bayesian assessment of non-parametric receiver operating characteristics and hit-versus-miss detection and recognition response analyses, masked faces showing own cultural dialects of emotion were rated higher for emotionality and familiarity compared to other-culture emotional faces and that this effect involved conscious awareness.</jats:p>
      7Scopus© Citations 11
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    Scopus© Citations 11  2
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    Scopus© Citations 13  2
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    Conceptualization, Tasks and Neurobiological Correlates of Self-Regulation in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review of the Literature (2015-2020)
    (2022)
    LARRAIN VALENZUELA, MARIA JOSEFINA  
    ;
    Francisca Mardones
    ;
    Elisa Ansoleaga
    ;
    Leonie Kausel
    <jats:sec> <jats:title>Background:</jats:title> <jats:p>Self-regulation is a complex capacity that favors the modification of behavior in accordance with environmental demands.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Objective:</jats:title> <jats:p>This article aims to review the scientific literature that conceptualizes self-regulation, analyze its potential latent dimensions, identify the instruments used to measure this construct and the empirical findings associated with its neurobiological correlates.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods:</jats:title> <jats:p>A systematic review of the scientific literature published between 2015 and 2020. We include 29 empirical studies on children and adolescents self-regulatory capacity after combining the words self-regulation with cognition, brain and neurosciences.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Results:</jats:title> <jats:p>Most of the articles included are from North America. A PICOS analysis was performed to increase understanding of self-regulatory capacity. Two dimensions of self-regulation are identified, contributing to a more global conceptualization of the concept of self-regulation; A cognitive dimension associated with executive functions, effortful control and inhibitory control, among others, and a dimension associated with personality, including traits such as irritability, impulsivity, openness and hyperactivity. Next, the instruments used to measure self-regulation are described, followed by a report of the important neurobiological findings, specifically, activation of the anterior cingulate cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal and ventromedial prefrontal cortex.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title> <jats:p>Self-regulatory capacity is associated with a complex functioning that favors adaptive behavior and has neurobiological correlates.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
    Scopus© Citations 2  7