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    Técnicas y manejo de la presión del cuff en pacientes adultos con vía aérea artificial por fonoaudiólogos en Chile
    (2022)
    Felipe Gonzalo Rosales Lillo
    ;
    Giovanna Monichi Valdenegro
    ;
    Francisca Miranda Llanos
    ;
    Fabiola Marín Garrido
    <jats:p>Estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal que tiene como objetivo describir el manejo de las presiones y las técnicas de insuflación del cuff empleadas por fonoaudiólogos en Chile en pacientes adultos con vía aérea artificial. La población fue de profesionales con experiencia en la atención de pacientes adultos con vía aérea artificial en instituciones de salud en Chile, mientras que la muestra fue a conveniencia. Se aplicó un cuestionario en línea sobre manejo de presión del cuff en usuarios adultos con vía aérea artificial que contenía variables numéricas y categóricas. Se realizó análisis de datos mediante estadística descriptiva y analítica. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité Ético Científico de la Universidad del Desarrollo. El 98% de los participantes utiliza técnica objetiva. El 46% usa técnicas subjetivas siendo la más utilizada la de palpación digital. El 54% utiliza técnicas simultáneamente durante la atención de los usuarios. La mediana de la presión mínima usada fue de 25 centímetros de agua y la máxima de 32 centímetros de agua. Hubo diferencia significativa entre las presiones mínimas usadas por los participantes de hospitales públicos tipo 1 versus los de clínicas privadas. Se concluye que los valores mínimos y máximos de presión del cuff reportados por los participantes en Chile podrían ser poco seguros durante la atención de pacientes adultos con vía aérea artificial. Se suma a ello la utilización de técnicas subjetivas. Se sugiere seguimiento de literatura reciente, actualización de protocolos, desarrollo de guía nacional y revisión de protocolos institucionales en otros países.</jats:p>
      32Scopus© Citations 1
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    El desafío de cuantificar la calidad de la colonoscopia de tamizaje: el desarrollo y las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Calidad en Colonoscopia
    (2022)
    R. Sáenz-Fuenzalida
    ;
    A. Riquelme-Pérez
    ;
    L.A. Díaz-Piga
    ;
    X. García-Rocha
    ;
    E. Fuentes-López
      22Scopus© Citations 2
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    Sex differences in treatment, radiological features and outcome after intracerebral haemorrhage: Pooled analysis of Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage trials 1 and 2
    (2020)
    Else Charlotte Sandset
    ;
    Xia Wang
    ;
    Cheryl Carcel
    ;
    Shoichiro Sato
    ;
    Candice Delcourt
    <jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction</jats:title><jats:p> Reports vary on how sex influences the management and outcome from acute intracerebral haemorrhage. We aimed to quantify sex disparities in clinical characteristics, management, including response to blood pressure lowering treatment, and outcomes in patients with acute intracerebral haemorrhage, through interrogation of two large clinical trial databases. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Methods</jats:title><jats:p> Post-hoc pooled analysis of the Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage trials 1 and 2, where patients with a hypertensive response (systolic, 150–220 mmHg) after spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (&lt;6 h) were randomised to intensive (target &lt;140 mmHg &lt;1 h) or guideline-recommended (&lt;180 mmHg) blood pressure lowering treatment. The interaction of sex on early haematoma growth (24 h), death or major disability (modified Rankin scale scores 3–6 at 90 days), and effect of randomised treatment were determined in multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for baseline confounding variables. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p> In 3233 participants, 1191 (37%) were women who were significantly older, had higher baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores and smaller haematoma volumes compared to men. Men had higher three-month mortality (odds ratio 1.48, 95% confidence interval 1.10–2.00); however, there was no difference between women and men in the combined endpoint of death or major disability. There were no significant sex differences on mean haematoma growth or effect of randomised blood pressure lowering treatment. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion</jats:title><jats:p> Men included in the Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage trials had more comorbidities, larger baseline haematoma volumes and higher mortality after adjustment for age, as compared with women. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p> Men included in the Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage trials had a greater odds of dying after intracerebral haemorrhage than women, which could not be readily explained by differing casemix or patterns of blood pressure management. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical trial registration</jats:title><jats:p> The Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage trials studies are registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00226096 and NCT00716079). </jats:p></jats:sec>
    Scopus© Citations 15  30
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      12  1Scopus© Citations 5
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    Patología obstructiva no maligna de la vía aérea central
    (2014)
    David Barros Casas
    ;
    Sebastián, Fernandez-Bussy  
    ;
    Erik Folch
    ;
    Javier Flandes Aldeyturriaga
    ;
    Adnan Majid
      38
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    Sex differences in treatment and outcome after stroke Pooled analysis including 19,000 participants
    (2019)
    Cheryl Carcel
    ;
    Xia Wang
    ;
    Else Charlotte Sandset
    ;
    Candice Delcourt
    ;
    Hisatomi Arima
    <jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>To explore the sex differences in outcomes and management after stroke using a large sample with high-quality international trial data.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Individual participant data were obtained from 5 acute stroke randomized controlled trials. Data were obtained on demographics, medication use, in-hospital treatment, and functional outcome. Study-specific crude and adjusted models were used to estimate sex differences in outcomes and management, and then pooled using random-effects meta-analysis.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>There were 19,652 participants, of whom 7,721 (40%) were women. After multivariable adjustments, women with ischemic stroke had higher survival at 3–6 months (odds ratio [OR] 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70–0.97), higher likelihood of disability (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.06–1.36), and worse quality of life (weighted mean difference −0.07, 95% CI −0.09 to 0.04). For management, women were more likely to be admitted to an acute stroke unit (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.01–1.34), but less likely to be intubated (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.36–0.93), treated for fever (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.70–0.95), or admitted to an intensive care unit (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.74–0.93). For preadmission medications, women had higher odds of being prescribed antihypertensive agents (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.13–1.31) and lower odds of being prescribed antiplatelets (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.79–0.93), glucose-lowering agents (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.78–0.94), or lipid-lowering agents (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.77–0.94).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>This analysis suggests that women who had ischemic stroke had better survival but were also more disabled and had poorer quality of life. Variations in hospital and out-of-hospital management may partly explain the disparities.</jats:p></jats:sec>
      1Scopus© Citations 115  2