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    Pan American League of Associations for Rheumatology recommendations for the management of axial spondyloarthritis
    (2023)
    Wilson Bautista-Molano
    ;
    Daniel G. Fernández-Ávila
    ;
    María Lorena Brance
    ;
    María Gabriela Ávila Pedretti
    ;
    Ruben Burgos-Vargas
      3Scopus© Citations 45
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    OP0047 IDENTIFICATION OF CLINICAL PHENOTYPES IN PATIENTS WITH AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS, PERIPHERAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS AND PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS ACCORDING TO PERIPHERAL MUSCULOSKELETAL MANIFESTATIONS: A CLUSTER ANALYSIS IN THE INTERNATIONAL ASAS-PERSPA STUDY
    (2021)
    C. López-Medina
    ;
    S. Chevret
    ;
    A. Moltó
    ;
    J. Sieper
    ;
    M. T. Duruöz
    <jats:sec><jats:title>Background:</jats:title><jats:p>Patients with a diagnosis of Spondyloarthritis (SpA) and Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) may have predominant axial or peripheral symptoms, and the frequency and distribution of these symptoms may determine the clinical diagnosis by the rheumatologist (“clinical clusters”). Clustering analysis represents an unsupervised exploratory analysis which tries to identify homogeneous groups of cases (“statistical clusters”) without prior information about the membership for any of the cases.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives:</jats:title><jats:p>To identify “statistical clusters” of peripheral involvement according to the specific location of these symptoms in the whole spectrum of SpA and PsA (without prior information about the diagnosis of the patients), and to evaluate whether these “statistical clusters” are in agreement with the “clinical clusters”.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p>Cross-sectional and multicentre study with 24 participating countries. Consecutive patients considered by their treating rheumatologist as suffering from either PsA, axial SpA (axSpA) or peripheral SpA (pSpA) were enrolled. Four different cluster analyses were conducted: the first one using information about the specific location from all the peripheral musculoskeletal manifestations (i.e., peripheral arthritis, enthesitis and dactylitis), and thereafter a cluster analysis for each peripheral manifestation individually. Multiple correspondence analyses and k-means clustering methods were used. Distribution of peripheral manifestations and clinical characteristics were compared across the different clusters.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p>4465 patients were included in the analysis. Two clusters were found with regard to the <jats:italic>location of all the peripheral manifestations</jats:italic> (Fig. 1). Cluster 1 showed a low prevalence of peripheral manifestations in comparison with cluster 2; however, when peripheral involvement appeared in cluster 1, this was mostly represented by arthritis of hip, knee and ankle, as well as enthesitis of the heel. Patients from cluster 1 showed a higher prevalence of males (63% vs 44%), HLA-B27 positivity (69% vs 38%) and axial involvement (80% vs 52%), as well as more frequent diagnosis of axSpA (66% vs 21%) and more frequently fulfilling the ASAS axSpA criteria (69% vs. 41%). Patients from cluster 2 showed a higher prevalence of psoriasis (63% vs 25%), a more frequent diagnosis of PsA (61% vs 19%), and they fulfilled more frequently the peripheral ASAS (26% vs 11%) and the CASPAR criteria (57% vs 19%).</jats:p><jats:fig id="F1" position="float" orientation="portrait"><jats:label>Figure 1.</jats:label><jats:caption><jats:p>Distribution of the peripheral involvement across clusters</jats:p></jats:caption><jats:graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="EUROAB-2021-OP-2-OP0047_F0001" position="float" orientation="portrait" /></jats:fig><jats:p>Three clusters were found with regard to the <jats:italic>location of the peripheral arthritis.</jats:italic> Clusters 2 and 3 showed a high prevalence of peripheral joint disease, although this was located more predominantly in the lower limbs in cluster 2, and in the upper limbs in cluster 3. Cluster 1 showed a higher prevalence of males, HLA-B27 positivity, axial involvement, a lower presence of psoriasis, a more frequent diagnosis of axSpA and fulfilling the ASAS axSpA criteria in comparison with clusters 2 and 3, respectively. Clusters 2 and 3 showed a higher prevalence of enthesitis and dactylitis in comparison with cluster 1, a more frequent diagnosis of PsA and fulfillment of the CASPAR criteria.</jats:p><jats:p>Information about the <jats:italic>location of enthesitis</jats:italic> exhibited three groups: cluster 1 showed a very low prevalence of enthesitis, while cluster 2 and 3 showed a high prevalence of enthesitis, with a predominant involvement of axial enthesis in cluster 2 and peripheral enthesitis in cluster 3.</jats:p><jats:p>Finally, the <jats:italic>analysis of dactylitis</jats:italic> also exhibited three clusters that showed a very low prevalence of dactylitis, predominantly toes and predominantly fingers involvement, respectively.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title><jats:p>These results suggest the presence of heterogeneous patterns of peripheral involvement in SpA and PsA patients without clearly defined groups, confirming the clear overlap of these peripheral manifestations across the different underlying diagnoses.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Acknowledgements:</jats:title><jats:p>This study was conducted under the umbrella of ASAS with unrestricted grant of Abbvie, Pfizer, Lilly, Novartis, UCB, Janssen and Merck.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Disclosure of Interests:</jats:title><jats:p>None declared</jats:p></jats:sec>
      4
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      5
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    A case report of sarcoidosis and ulcerative colitis: overlap or coexistence
    (Sociedad Espanola de Patologia Digestiva (SEPD), 2024)
    Alex Fabián Arenas Aravena
    ;
    Diego Ruedi
    ;
    Matías Sanhueza
    ;
    ;
    Gonzalo Carrasco-Avino
      4
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    SAT0239 LONG TERM OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME AND RENAL ARTERY STENOSIS
    (2020)
    VILLAR COFRÉ, MARÍA JOSÉ
    ;
    S. Sangle
    ;
    ;
    D. D’cruz
    <jats:sec><jats:title>Background:</jats:title><jats:p>Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterized by thrombosis and obstetric morbidity in the context of positive antiphospholipid antibody markers. More than a quarter of hypertensive APS patients (26%) have renal artery stenosis (RAS) (1). Treatment includes anticoagulation, blood pressure control and management of cardiovascular risks. In some cases, the severity of the renal vascular lesion requires surgical intervention</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives:</jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate long term outcomes in APS patients with RAS.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective database study. All records of APS patients with RAS were analyzed and demographic variables, comorbidities, treatment received, renal outcome and mortality were recorded.</jats:p><jats:p>Uni- and multivariate analyses were performed by logistic regression with death and chronic kidney disease (CKD) as dependent variables. In the multivariate analysis, the covariates considered were age at diagnosis of stenosis, diabetes, smoking, dyslipidemia, unilateral or bilateral stenosis, stenosis greater than 50%, surgery and the use of immunosuppressants, anticoagulation and statins.</jats:p><jats:p>Research and development office has approved this study.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p>33 RAS patients were analyzed. Diagnosis of RAS was made by MRI renal angiography and in some cases by CT angiogram and intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography. Patient characteristics are detailed in Table 1. The median duration of follow-up was 152 months (IQR 65).</jats:p><jats:table-wrap position="float" orientation="portrait"><jats:label>Table 1.</jats:label><jats:caption><jats:p>Patient Characteristics.</jats:p></jats:caption><jats:table><jats:thead><jats:tr><jats:th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1" /></jats:tr></jats:thead><jats:tbody><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><jats:bold>N° Patients</jats:bold>33</jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><jats:bold>Age median</jats:bold>48 (IQR 16)</jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><jats:bold>Smokers%</jats:bold>18.1(6)</jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><jats:bold>Comorbidities %</jats:bold></jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diabetes mellitus type 2 6 (2) Hypertension 100(33)</jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High LDL 36.3(12)</jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><jats:bold>Primary APS %</jats:bold>39.4 (13)</jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><jats:bold>Secondary APS %</jats:bold>60.6 (20)</jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><jats:bold>Unilateral RAS%</jats:bold>75.8 (25)</jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><jats:bold>Bilateral RAS%</jats:bold>24.2 (8)</jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><jats:bold>Degree of stenosis</jats:bold></jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">&lt; 30% 15.1 (5)</jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">30-50% 30.3 (10)</jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">50-80% 33.3 (11)</jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">&gt;80% 21.2 (7)</jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><jats:bold>Treatment%</jats:bold></jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Medical treatment 75.7 (25)</jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Surgical treatment 30.3 (10)</jats:td></jats:tr></jats:tbody></jats:table></jats:table-wrap><jats:p>Renal biopsy was performed in 3 patients: crescentic glomerulonephritis was found in 2 patients and one had a thrombotic microangiopathy.</jats:p><jats:p>Treatment: 25 patients (75.7%) were anticoagulated with vitamin K antagonists, 19 (57.6%) received immunosuppressive therapies, 18 (54.5%) were on statins. Ten patients (30.3%) were managed surgically with balloon angioplasty. Restenosis occurred in 4/10 patients (40%) and percutaneous renal artery stenting was performed successfully in all four. Ten patients died (30.3%). Renal outcomes are shown in Table 2.</jats:p><jats:table-wrap position="float" orientation="portrait"><jats:label>Table 2.</jats:label><jats:caption><jats:p>Outcome in APS with RAS Patients</jats:p></jats:caption><jats:table><jats:thead><jats:tr><jats:th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1" /></jats:tr></jats:thead><jats:tbody><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">N %</jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Died 10 30.3</jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Transplanted 1 3</jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Renal Dysfunction 17 51.5</jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">CKD Stage III 10 30.3</jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">CKD Stage IV 4 12.1</jats:td></jats:tr><jats:tr><jats:td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">CKD Stage V 3 9</jats:td></jats:tr></jats:tbody></jats:table></jats:table-wrap><jats:p>In the univariate analysis, surgery was significantly associated with a lower probability of reaching CKD (p=0.042; OR 0.2; 95% CI 0.03-0.94). In the multivariate analysis, the tendency to benefit from surgery was maintained but the statistical significance was lost, probably due to the low number of patients.</jats:p><jats:p>In the subgroup analysis, the tendency to benefit from surgery was maintained in patients with or without anticoagulation, immunosuppressants, statins, with primary or secondary APS, with uni- or bilateral stenosis, with or without dyslipidemia, but this benefit was lost in smokers independent of the grade of stenosis.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title><jats:p>RAS is a treatable cause of hypertension and a poor prognostic marker in APS patients.</jats:p><jats:p>In this study, APS patients with RAS who underwent intervention with angioplasty or stenting had a trend to a lower probability of developing CKD in contrast to studies in atherosclerotic RAS. The beneficial effect of surgery was lost in smoking patients. In this relatively young population mortality was high.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>References:</jats:title><jats:p>[1]Sangle SR, D’Cruz DP, Abbs IC, Khamashta MA, Hughes GR. Renal artery stenosis in hypertensive patients with antiphospholipid (Hughes) syndrome: outcome following anticoagulation. Rheumatology (Oxford) (2005) 44:372–7.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Disclosure of Interests:</jats:title><jats:p>María José Villar: None declared, Shirish Sangle: None declared, Sebastian Ibáñez Consultant of: Novartis, Paid instructor for: Bristol Myers, Speakers bureau: Abbvie, David d’cruz Grant/research support from: GlaxoSmithKline</jats:p></jats:sec>
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      44  1Scopus© Citations 38
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    Approach to the Patient with Axial Spondyloarthritis and Suspected Inflammatory Bowel Disease
    (2020) ;
    María Paz Poblete De La Fuente
    ;
    Elisa Catalina Parra Cancino
      3  1Scopus© Citations 2