CRIS

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://investigadores.udd.cl/handle/123456789/1

Browse

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6

Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
A snapshot of cancer in Chile II: an update on research, strategies and analytical frameworks for equity, innovation and national development
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024-12-18)
Cristóbal Vacarezza
;
Julieta Araneda
;
Pamela Gonzalez
;
Oscar Arteaga
;
Katherine Marcelain
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title>Introduction</jats:title> <jats:p>Chile has achieved developed nation status and boasts a life expectancy of 81 + years; however, the healthcare and research systems are unprepared for the social and economic burden of cancer. One decade ago, the authors put forward a comprehensive analysis of cancer infrastructure, together with a series of suggestions on research orientated political policy.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Objectives</jats:title> <jats:p>Provide an update and comment on policy, infrastructure, gender equality, stakeholder participation and new challenges in national oncology. Assess the funding and distribution of cancer investigation. Present actions for the development of oncology research, innovation and patient care.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>Triangulating objective system metrics of economic, epidemiological, private and public sector resources together with policy analysis, we assessed cancer burden, infrastructure, and investigation. We analyzed governmental and private-sector cancer databases, complemented by interviews with cancer stakeholders.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>Governmental policy and patient advocacy have led to the recognition of cancer burden, a cancer law, and a national cancer plan. Cancer has become the leading cause of death in Chile (59,876 cases and 31,440 cancer deaths in 2022), yet only 0.36% gross domestic product (GDP) is directed to research and development. Inequalities in treatment regimens persist. Prevention policy has lowered tobacco consumption, sugar intake via soft drinks and offered a high coverage of HPV vaccines. A high-quality cancer research community is expanding, and internationally sponsored clinical oncology trials are increasing.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>The cancer law has facilitated advancement in policy. Prevention policies have impacted tobacco and sugar intake, while gender equality and care inequality have entered the public forum. Cancer research is stagnated by the lack of investment. Implementation of a cancer registry and biobanking, reinforcement of prevention strategies, development of human resources, promotion of clinical trial infrastructure and investment in new technologies must be placed as a priority to permit advancements in innovation and equitable cancer care.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
8
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Time-dependent LPS exposure commands MSC immunoplasticity through TLR4 activation leading to opposite therapeutic outcome in EAE
(2020)
Mónica Kurte
;
Ana María Vega-Letter
;
Patricia Luz-Crawford
;
Farida Djouad
;
Danièle Noël
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been recognized for their regenerative and anti-inflammatory capacity which makes them very attractive to cell therapy, especially those ones to treat inflammatory and autoimmune disease. Two different immune-phenotypes have been described for MSCs depending on which Toll-like receptor (TLR) is activated. MSC1 is endowed with a pro-inflammatory phenotype following TLR4 activation with LPS. On the other hand, anti-inflammatory MSC2 is induced by the activation of TLR3 with Poly(I:C). High immunoplasticity of MSCs is a matter of concern in cell-based therapies. In this study, we investigated whether a single stimulus can induce both types of MSCs through a differential activation of TLR4 with LPS.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>MSCs were activated with LPS following a short exposure of 1-h (MSCs-LPS1h) or long-time exposure for 48 h (MSCs-LPS48h), and then, we evaluated the biological response in vitro, the immunosuppressive capacity of MSCs in vitro, and the therapeutic potential of MSCs in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>Our results showed that 1-h LPS exposure induced a MSC1 phenotype. Indeed, MSCs-LPS1h expressed low levels of NO/iNOS and decreased immunosuppressive capacity in vitro without therapeutic effect in the EAE model. In contrast, MSCs-LPS48h achieved a MSC2-like phenotype with significant increase in the immunosuppressive capacity on T cell proliferation in vitro, together with an improved in the therapeutic effect and higher Treg, compared to unstimulated MSCs. Furthermore, we determine through the MSCs-TLR4KO that the expression of TLR4 receptor is essential for MSCs’ suppressive activity since TLR4 deletion was associated with a diminished suppressive effect in vitro and a loss of therapeutic effect in vivo.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>We demonstrate that MSCs display a high immunoplasticity commanded by a single stimulus, where LPS exposure time regulated the MSC suppressive effect leading into either an enhanced or an impairment therapeutic activity. Our results underscore the importance of phenotype conversion probably related to the TLR4 expression and activation, in the design of future clinical protocols to treat patients with inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
7Scopus© Citations 60
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Exosomes on the border of species and kingdom intercommunication
(2019)
SCHUH, CHRISTINA
;
Jimena Cuenca
;
Francisca Alcayaga-Miranda
;
Maroun Khoury
1Scopus© Citations 48 4
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
The Reparative Abilities of Menstrual Stem Cells Modulate the Wound Matrix Signals and Improve Cutaneous Regeneration
(2018)
Jimena Cuenca
;
Alice Le-Gatt
;
Valentina Castillo
;
Jose Belletti
;
Macarena Díaz
18Scopus© Citations 47
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Stem cell exosomes inhibit angiogenesis and tumor growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma
(2019)
Leonie Rosenberger
;
EZQUER, EDUARDO MARCELO
;
Fernando Lillo-Vera
;
Paulina L. Pedraza
;
María Ignacia Ortúzar
12Scopus© Citations 125
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Exosome-like vesicles in Apis mellifera bee pollen, honey and royal jelly contribute to their antibacterial and pro-regenerative activity
(2019)
Christina M. A. P. Schuh
;
Sebastian Aguayo
;
Gabriela Zavala
;
Maroun Khoury
<jats:p>Microvesicles have become key players in cellular communication. Since glandular secretions present a rich source of active exosomes, we hypothesized that exosome-like vesicles are present in Apis mellifera hypopharyngeal gland secretomal products (honey, royal jelly and bee pollen), and participate in their known antibacterial and pro-regenerative effects. We developed an isolation protocol based on serial- and ultracentrifugation steps and demonstrated the presence of protein-containing exosome-like vesicles in all three bee-derived products. Assessing their antibacterial properties, we found that exosome-like vesicles had bacteriostatic, bactericidal and biofilm-inhibiting effects on Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, we could demonstrate that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) internalize bee-derived exosome-like vesicles and that these vesicles influence their migration potential. In an in vitro wound healing assay, honey and royal jelly exosome-like vesicles increased migration of human MSC, demonstrating their interkingdom activity. Summarizing, we have discovered exosome-like vesicles as a new, active compound in bee pollen, honey and royal jelly.</jats:p>
Scopus© Citations 49 1

CRIS

Browse

Filters

Settings

Sort By

Results per page

Search Results