Default Mode Network, Meditation, and Age-Associated Brain Changes: What Can We Learn from the Impact of Mental Training on Well-Being as a Psychotherapeutic Approach?
Journal
Neural Plasticity
ISSN
2090-5904
1687-5443
Date Issued
2019
Author(s)
Ricardo Ramírez-Barrantes
Marcelo Arancibia
Jana Stojanova
Claudio Córdova
Rodrigo A. Henríquez-Ch
Type
Resource Types::text::journal::journal article
Abstract
Aging is a physiological process accompanied by cognitive decline, principally in memory and executive functions. Alterations in the connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) have been found to participate in cognitive decline, as well as in several neurocognitive disorders. The DMN has antisynchronic activity with attentional networks (task-positive networks (TPN)), which are critical to executive function and memory. Findings pointing to the regulation of the DMN via activation of TPN suggest that it can be used as a strategy for neuroprotection. Meditation is a noninvasive and nonpharmacological technique proven to increase meta-awareness, a cognitive ability which involves the control of both networks. In this review, we discuss the possibility of facilitating healthy aging through the regulation of networks through meditation. We propose that by practicing specific types of meditation, cognitive decline could be slowed, promoting a healthy lifestyle, which may enhance the quality of life for the elderly.
Subjects
attention
;
brain
;
cognitive dysfunction
;
healthy aging
;
humans
;
meditation
;
metacognition
;
mindfulness
;
neural pathways
;
psychotherapeutic processes
;
brain region
;
clinical research
;
default mode network
;
disease association
;
energy consumption
;
executive function
;
functional magnetic resonance imaging
;
healthy aging
;
healthy lifestyle
;
human
;
long term memory
;
meditation
;
memory
;
mental disease
;
neuroprotection
;
psychological well-being
;
psychotherapy
;
quality of life
;
review
;
task positive network
;
working memory
;
attention
;
brain
;
cognitive defect
;
healthy aging
;
metacognition
;
mindfulness
;
nerve tract
;
physiology
;
psychology