PINHEIRO FERNANDES, ANNA CHRISTINA

Preferred name
PINHEIRO FERNANDES, ANNA CHRISTINA
Official Name
PINHEIRO FERNANDES, ANNA CHRISTINA
Main Affiliation
Email
apinheiro@udd.cl
ORCID
0000-0002-5188-2619
Scopus Author ID
57214257688, 6504160707
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2020 - 202621

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    Prácticas y preferencias alimentarias y de actividad física en niños y niñas: Una aproximación desde los Parlamentos Escolares en establecimientos educacionales
    (2023)
    Tito Pizarro
    ;
    Macarena Jara
    ;
    Daisy Margarit
    ;
    José Luis Palacios
    ;
    PINHEIRO FERNANDES, ANNA CHRISTINA  
    <jats:p>En Chile la malnutrición por exceso continúa en aumento, afectando especialmente a la población infantil. Solucionar esta problemática de salud pública requiere desarrollar estrategias de promoción y prevención que consideren las propuestas de las comunidades, especialmente la de los propios niños y niñas. Objetivo: Conocer las opiniones y sugerencias de niños y niñas de tercero y cuarto básico de escuelas de la zona sur de Santiago de Chile, respecto de sus prácticas alimentarias y de actividad física, en el marco del proyecto FONDEF IT 1810016. Sujetos y Método: Se desarrollaron siete parlamentos escolares en siete escuelas mediante una metodología cualitativa participativa, recogiendo las opiniones de 176 niños y niñas acerca de sus hábitos y preferencias tanto de alimentos como de actividad física. Resultados: Los alimentos más consumidos y preferidos son aquellos fáciles de preparar y de alta disponibilidad, como pan, tallarines y leche. Los alimentos que requieren preparación, como pescado, legumbres, frutas, verduras y preparaciones caseras, son menos consumidos y tienen menos preferencia. En las actividades físicas recreativas destacan los videojuegos y el fútbol. Los estudiantes proponen aumentar las horas de educación física, los recreos y mejorar la disponibilidad y acceso a alimentos saludables en los entornos escolares como estrategia de solución al problema de la malnutrición por exceso. Conclusiones: Los Parlamentos Escolares como estrategia participativa aportan en la generación conjunta de conocimiento. La necesidad de incluir a las comunidades como partes interesadas en las iniciativas de salud, reconoce a través de su participación, a los niños y las niñas como actores sujetos de derechos.</jats:p>
      2  1
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    Lifestyle Habits and Health Indicators in Migrants and Native Schoolchildren in Chile
    (2021)
    Mónica Suárez-Reyes
    ;
    Daiana Quintiliano-Scarpelli
    ;
    PINHEIRO FERNANDES, ANNA CHRISTINA  
    ;
    Cristian Cofré-Bolados
    ;
    Tito Pizarro
    <jats:p>In Chile, the migrant population has increased in the last years. Migrants adopt behaviors of this new culture, which can have an effect on their health. Contradictory results regarding differences between migrant and native children have been reported. The aim of this study was to explore the associations between nationality with health indicator and lifestyle habits among schoolchildren in Chile. A cross-sectional and observational study with a non-probabilistic sample was conducted in 1033 children (86.4% Chilean and 13.6% migrant) from second to fourth grade of seven public schools from low-income municipalities from the Metropolitan Region, Chile. Anthropometric measurements (weight, height, waist circumference, triceps and subscapular folds), handgrip strength, and standing long jump measurements, physical activity, self-esteem and food guidelines accomplishments were determined. Migrant children presented lower body mass index (BMI), Z-BMI, body fat% and waist circumference values; and higher handgrip strength, standing long jump, and more satisfactory compliance with food guidelines than natives (p &lt; 0.05). No significant difference for physical activity and self-esteem was observed. In the adjusted models, migrants presented lower odds for overweight/obesity, risk of abdominal obesity, low handgrip strength and unsatisfactory food guidelines accomplishment in all models (p &lt; 0.05). The nutritional and muscular fitness of migrant children was better than that of the Chilean ones.</jats:p>
      1Scopus© Citations 8  1
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    Development and Validation of a Set of Instruments to Measure Food Environments
    (2022)
    Jacqueline Araneda-Flores
    ;
    Patricio Oliva Moresco
    ;
    Gladys Quezada-Figueroa
    ;
    Luz Lobos-Fernandez
    ;
    Barbara Leyton
    <jats:p>Background: There is worldwide interest in measuring local food environments (FEs). The aim of this study was to develop and validate a set of instruments to evaluate FEs in Chile. Methods: Based on the development and validation of four instruments to measure FEs, a literature review, an evaluation by experts, and the implementation of a pilot tool in the FEs of schoolchildren from nine public schools in the commune of Chillán, Chile, were used. Results: A tool to evaluate FEs was provided, based on three dimensions: availability, variety, and advertising of healthy foods. A total of 1928 foods points of purchase were evaluated. The reliability was evaluated by Cronbach’s alpha. Some 74% of the foods’ points of purchase were store locations. The reliability of the four instruments was high to acceptable (store: 0.90; institution: 0.77; street food: 0.74; restaurant: 0.68). Unhealthy foods were highlighted by the scores obtained: store (6.08 ± 4.07; range: 0–13), restaurant (3.95 ± 1.75; range: 0–10), street food (1.18 ± 1.56; range: 0–7), and institution FEs (3.38 ± 2.78; range: 0–9). Conclusions: The results of this tool can provide information to governments for incorporating structural measures to ensure adequate availability, variety, and advertising of healthy foods in different FEs.</jats:p>
      3  1Scopus© Citations 3
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    Diet quality of Chilean schoolchildren: How is it linked to adherence to dietary guidelines?
    (Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2025-02-06)
    PINHEIRO FERNANDES, ANNA CHRISTINA  
    ;
    Jacqueline Araneda Flores
    ;
    QUINTILIANO SCARPELLI DOURADO , DAIANA APARECIDA  
    ;
    Tito Pizarro Quevedo
    ;
    Maria Rita Marques de Oliveira
    In Chile, the prevalence of overweight among schoolchildren over the age of 5 is approximately 50%, one of the highest in the Americas region. This is largely influenced by the presence of inadequate food environments, characterized by limited access to healthy foods and a high availability of highly processed foods (HPF). This study analyzes food consumption in Chilean schoolchildren and the association of this with the Chilean Dietary Guidelines Based on Foods (DGBF) and the HPF consumption.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="sec002"> <jats:title>Material and methods</jats:title> <jats:p>The sample (1,094 schoolchildren) was obtained from the baseline of the FONDEF IT18I0016 project, in Santiago-Chile. Anthropometry and socioeconomic data were measured. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative frequency survey featuring images of food groups aligned with DGBF, as well as HPF. All data were collected by trained professional nutritionists. Associations between dependent and independent variables, and potential confounding factors were calculated using logistic regression models with stepwise backward/forward. A p &lt; 0.05 was accepted as significant, using Stata 16.0. <jats:p>Most of the students (54.1%) were with malnutrition by excess and 20.0% exhibited abdominal obesity. Twenty percent of the students met the recommended intake for DGBF (fruits, vegetables, fish, milk and dairy products, legumes, water) and less than 5% did not consume any HPF. Consuming some sub-groups of HPF in moderate quantities (either no consumption or occasional consumption) increases the likelihood of meeting DGBF: candies and sweets (OR: 0.72; p = 0.04), pies with or without filling (OR: 0.63; p = 0.01), and salted snacks (OR: 0.67; p = 0.02).</jats:p> Conclusion Our results contribute to reaffirm the need to enhance healthy food consumption among schoolchildren and to discourage the intake of HPF, particularly focusing on specific sub-groups of HPF that may increase the risk of displacing the consumption of food groups recommended by the DGBF.</jats:p>
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      8  1Scopus© Citations 17
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    Scopus© Citations 1  10
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    Food Availability in Different Food Environments Surrounding Schools in a Vulnerable Urban Area of Santiago, Chile: Exploring Socioeconomic Determinants
    (2022)
    ANNA CHRISTINA, PINHEIRO FERNANDES  
    ;
    Daiana Quintiliano-Scarpelli  
    ;
    Jacqueline Araneda Flores
    ;
    Claudio Álvarez
    ;
    Mónica Suárez-Reyes
    <jats:p>The analysis of the food environment is used to identify areas with gaps in the availability of healthy foods and can be used as a public policy assessment tool. In recent decades, Chile has implemented several strategies and regulations to improve food environments, with encouraging results. Little is known about the scope of these measures in socially vulnerable environments. This study is part of a project that seeks to build an integrated intervention model for healthy school environments in a vulnerable area of Santiago, Chile. The objective of this study was to evaluate the availability of healthy and unhealthy foods around schools and the relationship between it and socioeconomic determinants of the school community in the Chilean context. A cross-sectional study to measure the food environment of informal markets (street food), formal markets (stores), and institutions (schools) was conducted in and around 12 schools (100 m surrounding schools) in a vulnerable urban area of Santiago, Chile. A lack of healthy foods was observed, which was related to some socio-economic determinants and the multidimensional poverty was the most relevant. The diagnosis of food environments around schools can represent an important target for governments to implement policies focused at improving the availability of healthy foods.</jats:p>
      1Scopus© Citations 25  6
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    Evaluating employees’ perceptions of non-monetary incentives in workplace-based weight loss programs
    (Sociedad Chilena de Nutricion, 2025-12-31)
    Adriana Aparecida de Oliveira-Barbosa
    ;
    PINHEIRO FERNANDES, ANNA CHRISTINA  
    ;
    QUINTILIANO SCARPELLI DOURADO , DAIANA APARECIDA  
    ;
    Maria Rita Marques de Oliveira
    ;
    Julieta Belmar Prieto
    <jats:p>This study investigated Chilean employees expectations, perceptions of acceptability, and beliefs about the potential effectiveness of non-monetary incentives in workplace weight loss programs. Eighty-six employees with overweight and sedentary occupations from six Chilean companies participated in 16 focus groups as part of a descriptive qualitative study. The content analysis, grounded in Self-Determination Theory, revealed eight categories grouped into three overarching themes: 1) Beliefs and challenges regarding healthy habits and body weight. 2) Workplace structure, environment, and culture. 3) The use of non-monetary incentives to promote healthy behaviors at work. While participants appreciated the non-monetary incentives, these were not enough to overcome the psychological, emotional, and structural barriers to adopting healthier lifestyles. Non-monetary incentives that provided additional spare time, particularly for family, were the most appreciated by participants; nevertheless, organizational constraints restrict the use of these incentives in workplace weight loss initiatives. In conclusion, although non-monetary incentives were identified as a strategy to promote healthier lifestyles, their success is dependent on implementing structural and cultural modifications in the work environment. A comprehensive strategy that considers both individual and organizational factors is needed to promote sustainable healthy habits.</jats:p>
      3
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    A description of Chilean food and nutrition health policies
    (2021)
    Lorena Rodríguez-Osiac
    ;
    PINHEIRO FERNANDES, ANNA CHRISTINA  
    ;
    Maria-F. Mujica-Coopman
    ;
    Patricia Caro-Moya
    ;
    Deborah Navarro-Rosenblatt
    Scopus© Citations 16  4