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Study of aggresive and cooperative tendencies in male humans linked to testoterone levels: a new approach to provide experimental evidence under an intergroup competition scenario
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1170513
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Muscularity and Strength Affect Individual Variation in Self-Perception of Fighting Ability in Men

2019 , MUÑOZ REYES, JOSÉ ANTONIO , POLO RODRIGO, PABLO , RODRÍGUEZ SICKERT, CARLOS ANDRÉS , Paula Pavez , Nohelia Valenzuela , Oriana Ramírez-Herrera

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The Male Warrior Hypothesis: Testosterone-related Cooperation and Aggression in the Context of Intergroup Conflict

2020 , José Antonio Muñoz Reyes , Pablo Polo Rodrigo , N. Valenzuela , P. Pavez , O. Ramírez-Herrera , FIGUEROA VALDEBENITO, ORIANA CRISTINA , RODRÍGUEZ SICKERT, CARLOS ANDRÉS , D. Díaz , M. Pita

AbstractThe Male Warrior Hypothesis (MWH) establishes that men’s psychology has been shaped by inter-group competition to acquire and protect reproductive resources. In this context, sex-specific selective pressures would have favored cooperation with the members of one’s group in combination with hostility towards outsiders. We investigate the role of developmental testosterone, as measured indirectly through static markers of prenatal testosterone (2D:4D digit ratio) and pubertal testosterone (body musculature and facial masculinity), on both cooperation and aggressive behavior in the context of intergroup conflict among men. Supporting the MWH, our results show that the intergroup conflict scenario promotes cooperation within group members and aggression toward outgroup members. Regarding the hormonal underpinnings of this phenomenon, we find that body musculature is positively associated with aggression and cooperation, but only for cooperation when context (inter-group competition) is taken into account. Finally, we did not find evidence that the formidability of the group affected individual rates of aggression or cooperation, controlling for individual characteristics.

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