UNDURRAGA FOURCADE, JUAN PABLO
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UNDURRAGA FOURCADE, JUAN PABLO
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jundurraga@udd.cl
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33568392600

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Correction: Obesity and brain structure in schizophrenia – ENIGMA study in 3021 individuals

2023 , Sean R. McWhinney , Katharina Brosch , Vince D. Calhoun , Benedicto Crespo-Facorro , Nicolas A. Crossley , Udo Dannlowski , Erin Dickie , Lorielle M. F. Dietze , Gary Donohoe , Stefan Du Plessis , Stefan Ehrlich , Robin Emsley , Petra Furstova , David C. Glahn , Alfonso Gonzalez- Valderrama , Dominik Grotegerd , Laurena Holleran , Tilo T. J. Kircher , Pavel Knytl , Marian Kolenic , Rebekka Lencer , Igor Nenadić , Nils Opel , Julia-Katharina Pfarr , Amanda L. Rodrigue , Kelly Rootes-Murdy , Alex J. Ross , Kang Sim , Antonín Škoch , Filip Spaniel , Frederike Stein , Patrik Švancer , Diana Tordesillas-Gutiérrez , UNDURRAGA FOURCADE, JUAN PABLO , Javier Vázquez-Bourgon , Aristotle Voineskos , Esther Walton , Thomas W. Weickert , Cynthia Shannon Weickert , Paul M. Thompson , Theo G. M. van Erp , Jessica A. Turner , Tomas Hajek

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Emotional intelligence: a comparison between patients after first episode mania and those suffering from chronic bipolar disorder type I

2022 , Cristina Varo , Silvia Amoretti , Giulio Sparacino , Esther Jiménez , Brisa Solé , Caterina del Mar Bonnin , Laura Montejo , Maria Serra , Carla Torrent , Estela Salagre , Antoni Benabarre , Pilar Salgado-Pineda , Irene Montoro Salvatierra , Pilar A. Sáiz , María Paz García-Portilla , Vanessa Sánchez-Gistau , Edith Pomarol-Clotet , Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga , Isabella Pacchiarotti , Clemente Garcia-Rizo , UNDURRAGA FOURCADE, JUAN PABLO , María Reinares , Anabel Martinez-Aran , Eduard Vieta , Norma Verdolini

Abstract Background Deficits in emotional intelligence (EI) were detected in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), but little is known about whether these deficits are already present in patients after presenting a first episode mania (FEM). We sought (i) to compare EI in patients after a FEM, chronic BD and healthy controls (HC); (ii) to examine the effect exerted on EI by socio-demographic, clinical and neurocognitive variables in FEM patients. Methods The Emotional Intelligence Quotient (EIQ) was calculated with the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT). Performance on MSCEIT was compared among the three groups using generalized linear models. In patients after a FEM, the influence of socio-demographic, clinical and neurocognitive variables on the EIQ was examined using a linear regression model. Results In total, 184 subjects were included (FEM n = 48, euthymic chronic BD type I n = 75, HC n = 61). BD patients performed significantly worse than HC on the EIQ [mean difference (MD) = 10.09, standard error (s.e.) = 3.14, p = 0.004] and on the understanding emotions branch (MD = 7.46, s.e. = 2.53, p = 0.010). FEM patients did not differ from HC and BD on other measures of MSCEIT. In patients after a FEM, EIQ was positively associated with female sex (β = −0.293, p = 0.034) and verbal memory performance (β = 0.374, p = 0.008). FEM patients performed worse than HC but better than BD on few neurocognitive domains. Conclusions Patients after a FEM showed preserved EI, while patients in later stages of BD presented lower EIQ, suggesting that impairments in EI might result from the burden of disease and neurocognitive decline, associated with the chronicity of the illness.

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Melancholia: does this ancient concept have contemporary utility?

2020 , Gabriele Sani , Leonardo Tondo , Juan Undurraga , Gustavo H. Vázquez , Paola Salvatore , Ross J. Baldessarini

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Clozapine use in a Latin-American Cohort of First Episode Psychosis

2018 , UNDURRAGA FOURCADE, JUAN PABLO , Iruretagoyena, B , Gonzalez-Valderrama, A , Castaneda, C , Gallardo, C , Nachar, R , Crossley, N , Mena, C

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Country-level gender inequality is associated with structural differences in the brains of women and men

2023 , André Zugman , Luz María Alliende , Vicente Medel , Richard A.I. Bethlehem , Jakob Seidlitz , Grace Ringlein , Celso Arango , Aurina Arnatkevičiūtė , Laila Asmal , Mark Bellgrove , Vivek Benegal , Miquel Bernardo , BILLEKE BOBADILLA, PABLO ERNESTO , Jorge Bosch-Bayard , Rodrigo Bressan , Geraldo F. Busatto , Mariana N. Castro , Tiffany Chaim-Avancini , Albert Compte , Monise Costanzi , Leticia Czepielewski , Paola Dazzan , Camilo de la Fuente-Sandoval , Marta Di Forti , Covadonga M. Díaz-Caneja , Ana María Díaz-Zuluaga , Stefan Du Plessis , Fabio L. S. Duran , Sol Fittipaldi , Alex Fornito , Nelson B. Freimer , Ary Gadelha , Clarissa S. Gama , Ranjini Garani , Clemente Garcia-Rizo , Cecilia Gonzalez Campo , Alfonso Gonzalez-Valderrama , Salvador Guinjoan , Bharath Holla , Agustín Ibañez , Daniza Ivanovic , Andrea Jackowski , Pablo Leon-Ortiz , Christine Lochner , Carlos López-Jaramillo , Hilmar Luckhoff , Raffael Massuda , Philip McGuire , Jun Miyata , Romina Mizrahi , Robin Murray , Aysegul Ozerdem , Pedro M. Pan , Mara Parellada , Lebogan Phahladira , Juan P. Ramirez-Mahaluf , Ramiro Reckziegel , Tiago Reis Marques , Francisco Reyes-Madrigal , Annerine Roos , Pedro Rosa , Giovanni Salum , Freda Scheffler , Gunter Schumann , Mauricio Serpa , Dan J. Stein , Angeles Tepper , Jeggan Tiego , Tsukasa Ueno , UNDURRAGA FOURCADE, JUAN PABLO , Eduardo A. Undurraga , Pedro Valdes-Sosa , Isabel Valli , Mirta Villarreal , Toby T. Winton-Brown , Nefize Yalin , ZAMORANO MENDIETA, FRANCISCO JAVIER , Marcus V. Zanetti , Anderson M. Winkler , Daniel S. Pine , Sara Evans-Lacko , Nicolas A. Crossley , Pratima Murthy , Amit Chakrabarti , Debasish Basu , B.N. Subodh , Lenin Singh , Roshan Singh , Kartik Kalyanram , Kamakshi Kartik , Kalyanaraman Kumaran , Ghattu Krishnaveni , Rebecca Kuriyan , Sunita Simon Kurpad , Gareth J. Barker , Rose D. Bharath , Sylvane Desrivieres , Meera Purushottam , Dimitri P. Orfanos , Eesha Sharma , Matthew Hickman , Jon Heron , Mireille B. Toledano , Nilakshi Vaidya

Gender inequality across the world has been associated with a higher risk to mental health problems and lower academic achievement in women compared to men. We also know that the brain is shaped by nurturing and adverse socio-environmental experiences. Therefore, unequal exposure to harsher conditions for women compared to men in gender-unequal countries might be reflected in differences in their brain structure, and this could be the neural mechanism partly explaining women’s worse outcomes in gender-unequal countries. We examined this through a random-effects meta-analysis on cortical thickness and surface area differences between adult healthy men and women, including a meta-regression in which country-level gender inequality acted as an explanatory variable for the observed differences. A total of 139 samples from 29 different countries, totaling 7,876 MRI scans, were included. Thickness of the right hemisphere, and particularly the right caudal anterior cingulate, right medial orbitofrontal, and left lateral occipital cortex, presented no differences or even thicker regional cortices in women compared to men in gender-equal countries, reversing to thinner cortices in countries with greater gender inequality. These results point to the potentially hazardous effect of gender inequality on women’s brains and provide initial evidence for neuroscience-informed policies for gender equality.

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Sex differences in prodromal symptoms and clinical variables of first episode mania

2021 , Roberto Palacios Garrán , Silvia Amoretti , Cristina Varo , Sparacino, Giulio , Sague, Maria , Marero, Santiago , Vicent Llorca-bofí , Serra, Maria , Montejo, Laura , Salgado-Pineda, Pilar , Montoro Salvatierra, Irene , Vanessa Sanchez-gistau , Edith Pomarol-clotet , Isabella Pacchiarotti , Garcia-Rizo, Clemente , UNDURRAGA FOURCADE, JUAN PABLO , Reinares, Maria , Martinez-Aran, Anabel , Vieta, Eduard , Norma Verdolini

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Treatment Resistance in a Chilean Cohort of Patients with First Episode of Psychosis

2018 , UNDURRAGA FOURCADE, JUAN PABLO , Mena, C , Gonzalez-Valderrama, A , Iruretagoyena, B , Castaneda, C , Gallardo, C , Nachar, R , Crossley, N

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Efficacy and Tolerability of Combination Treatments for Major Depression: Antidepressants plus Second-Generation Antipsychotics vs. Esketamine vs. Lithium

2021 , Gustavo H. Vázquez , Anees Bahji , UNDURRAGA FOURCADE, JUAN PABLO , Leonardo Tondo , Ross J. Baldessarini

Background: Successful treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) can be challenging, and failures ("treatment-resistant depression" [TRD]) are frequent. Steps to address TRD include increasing antidepressant dose, combining antidepressants, adding adjunctive agents, or using nonpharmacological treatments. Their relative efficacy and tolerability remain inadequately tested. In particular, the value and safety of increasingly employed second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) and new esketamine, compared to lithium as antidepressant adjuncts remain unclear. Methods: We reviewed randomized, placebo-controlled trials and used random-effects meta-analysis to compare odds ratio (OR) versus placebo, as well as numbers-needed-to-treat (NNT) and to-harm (NNH), for adding SGAs, esketamine, or lithium to antidepressants for major depressive episodes. Results: Analyses involved 49 drug-placebo pairs. By NNT, SGAs were more effective than placebo (NNT = 11 [CI: 9–15]); esketamine (7 [5–10]) and lithium (5 [4–10]) were even more effective. Individually, aripiprazole, olanzapine+fluoxetine, risperidone, and ziprasidone all were more effective (all NNT < 10) than quetiapine (NNT = 13), brexpiprazole (16), or cariprazine (16), with overlapping NNT CIs. Risk of adverse effects, as NNH for most-frequently reported effects, among SGAs versus placebo was 5 [4–6] overall, and highest with quetiapine (NNH = 3), lowest with brexpiprazole (19), 5 (4–6) for esketamine, and 9 (5–106) with lithium. The risk/benefit ratio (NNH/NNT) was 1.80 (1.25–10.60) for lithium and much less favorable for esketamine (0.71 [0.60–0.80]) or SGAs (0.45 [0.17–0.77]). Conclusions: Several modern antipsychotics and esketamine appeared to be useful adjuncts to antidepressants for acute major depressive episodes, but lithium was somewhat more effective and better tolerated. Limitations: Most trials of adding lithium involved older, mainly tricyclic, antidepressants, and the dosing of adjunctive treatments were not optimized.

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Correction: Obesity and brain structure in schizophrenia – ENIGMA study in 3021 individuals

2022 , Sean R. McWhinney , Katharina Brosch , Vince D. Calhoun , Benedicto Crespo-Facorro , Nicolas A. Crossley , Udo Dannlowski , Erin Dickie , Lorielle M. F. Dietze , Gary Donohoe , Stefan Du Plessis , Stefan Ehrlich , Robin Emsley , Petra Furstova , David C. Glahn , Alfonso Gonzalez- Valderrama , Dominik Grotegerd , Laurena Holleran , Tilo T. J. Kircher , Pavel Knytl , Marian Kolenic , Rebekka Lencer , Igor Nenadić , Nils Opel , Julia-Katharina Pfarr , Amanda L. Rodrigue , Kelly Rootes-Murdy , Alex J. Ross , Kang Sim , Antonín Škoch , Filip Spaniel , Frederike Stein , Patrik Švancer , Diana Tordesillas-Gutiérrez , UNDURRAGA FOURCADE, JUAN PABLO , Javier Vázquez-Bourgon , Aristotle Voineskos , Esther Walton , Thomas W. Weickert , Cynthia Shannon Weickert , Paul M. Thompson , Theo G. M. van Erp , Jessica A. Turner , Tomas Hajek

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Dysconnectivity in Schizophrenia Revisited: Abnormal Temporal Organization of Dynamic Functional Connectivity in Patients With a First Episode of Psychosis

2022 , Juan P Ramirez-Mahaluf , Ángeles Tepper , Luz Maria Alliende , Carlos Mena , Carmen Paz Castañeda , Barbara Iruretagoyena , Ruben Nachar , Francisco Reyes-Madrigal , Pablo León-Ortiz , Ricardo Mora-Durán , Tomas Ossandon , Alfonso Gonzalez-Valderrama , UNDURRAGA FOURCADE, JUAN PABLO , Camilo de la Fuente-Sandoval , Nicolas A Crossley

Abstract Background and Hypothesis Abnormal functional connectivity between brain regions is a consistent finding in schizophrenia, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies. Recent studies have highlighted that connectivity changes in time in healthy subjects. We here examined the temporal changes in functional connectivity in patients with a first episode of psychosis (FEP). Specifically, we analyzed the temporal order in which whole-brain organization states were visited. Study Design Two case-control studies, including in each sample a subgroup scanned a second time after treatment. Chilean sample included 79 patients with a FEP and 83 healthy controls. Mexican sample included 21 antipsychotic-naïve FEP patients and 15 healthy controls. Characteristics of the temporal trajectories between whole-brain functional connectivity meta-states were examined via resting-state functional MRI using elements of network science. We compared the cohorts of cases and controls and explored their differences as well as potential associations with symptoms, cognition, and antipsychotic medication doses. Study Results We found that the temporal sequence in which patients’ brain dynamics visited the different states was more redundant and segregated. Patients were less flexible than controls in changing their network in time from different configurations, and explored the whole landscape of possible states in a less efficient way. These changes were related to the dose of antipsychotics the patients were receiving. We replicated the relationship with antipsychotic medication in the antipsychotic-naïve FEP sample scanned before and after treatment. Conclusions We conclude that psychosis is related to a temporal disorganization of the brain’s dynamic functional connectivity, and this is associated with antipsychotic medication use.

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