REYES ARAMBURU, EDISON PABLO
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REYES ARAMBURU, EDISON PABLO
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preyes@udd.cl
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35870354700

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LPS-Induced c-Fos Activation in NTS Neurons and Plasmatic Cortisol Increases in Septic Rats Are Suppressed by Bilateral Carotid Chemodenervation

2012 , REYES ARAMBURU, EDISON PABLO , Sebastián Abarzúa , Aldo Martin , Jorge Rodríguez , Paula P. Cortés , Ricardo Fernández

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Educational disparities in brain health and dementia across Latin America and the United States

2024 , Raul Gonzalez‐Gomez , Agustina Legaz , Sebastián Moguilner , Josephine Cruzat , Hernán Hernández , Sandra Baez , Rafael Cocchi , Carlos Coronel‐Olivero , Vicente Medel , Enzo Tagliazuchi , Joaquín Migeot , Carolina Ochoa‐Rosales , Marcelo Adrián Maito , Pablo Reyes , Hernando Santamaria Garcia , Maria E. Godoy , Shireen Javandel , Adolfo M. García , Diana L. Matallana , José Alberto Avila‐Funes , María I. Behrens , SLACHEVSKY CHONCHOL, ANDREA MARÍA , Nilton Custodio , Juan F. Cardona , Ignacio L. Brusco , Martín A. Bruno , Ana L. Sosa Ortiz , Stefanie D. Pina‐Escudero , Leonel T. Takada , Elisa de Paula França Resende , Victor Valcour , Katherine L. Possin , Maira Okada de Oliveira , Francisco Lopera , Brian Lawlor , Kun Hu , Bruce Miller , Jennifer S. Yokoyama , Cecilia Gonzalez Campo , Agustin Ibañez

AbstractBACKGROUNDEducation influences brain health and dementia. However, its impact across regions, specifically Latin America (LA) and the United States (US), is unknown.METHODSA total of 1412 participants comprising controls, patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) from LA and the US were included. We studied the association of education with brain volume and functional connectivity while controlling for imaging quality and variability, age, sex, total intracranial volume (TIV), and recording type.RESULTSEducation influenced brain measures, explaining 24%–98% of the geographical differences. The educational disparities between LA and the US were associated with gray matter volume and connectivity variations, especially in LA and AD patients. Education emerged as a critical factor in classifying aging and dementia across regions.DISCUSSIONThe results underscore the impact of education on brain structure and function in LA, highlighting the importance of incorporating educational factors into diagnosing, care, and prevention, and emphasizing the need for global diversity in research.Highlights Lower education was linked to reduced brain volume and connectivity in healthy controls (HCs), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Latin American cohorts have lower educational levels compared to the those in the United States. Educational disparities majorly drive brain health differences between regions. Educational differences were significant in both conditions, but more in AD than FTLD. Education stands as a critical factor in classifying aging and dementia across regions.

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Evaluating the reliability of neurocognitive biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases across countries: A machine learning approach

2020 , M. Belen Bachli , Lucas Sedeño , Jeremi K. Ochab , Olivier Piguet , Fiona Kumfor , Pablo Reyes , Teresa Torralva , María Roca , Juan Felipe Cardona , Cecilia Gonzalez Campo , Eduar Herrera , Andrea Slachevsky , Diana Matallana , Facundo Manes , Adolfo M. García , Agustín Ibáñez , Dante R. Chialvo

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Multivariate word properties in fluency tasks reveal markers of Alzheimer's dementia

2023 , Franco J. Ferrante , Joaquín Migeot , Agustina Birba , Lucía Amoruso , Gonzalo Pérez , Eugenia Hesse , Enzo Tagliazucchi , Claudio Estienne , Cecilia Serrano , SLACHEVSKY CHONCHOL, ANDREA MARÍA , Diana Matallana , Pablo Reyes , Agustín Ibáñez , Sol Fittipaldi , Cecilia Gonzalez Campo , Adolfo M. García

AbstractINTRODUCTIONVerbal fluency tasks are common in Alzheimer's disease (AD) assessments. Yet, standard valid response counts fail to reveal disease‐specific semantic memory patterns. Here, we leveraged automated word‐property analysis to capture neurocognitive markers of AD vis‐à‐vis behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD).METHODSPatients and healthy controls completed two fluency tasks. We counted valid responses and computed each word's frequency, granularity, neighborhood, length, familiarity, and imageability. These features were used for group‐level discrimination, patient‐level identification, and correlations with executive and neural (magnetic resonanance imaging [MRI], functional MRI [fMRI], electroencephalography [EEG]) patterns.RESULTSValid responses revealed deficits in both disorders. Conversely, frequency, granularity, and neighborhood yielded robust group‐ and subject‐level discrimination only in AD, also predicting executive outcomes. Disease‐specific cortical thickness patterns were predicted by frequency in both disorders. Default‐mode and salience network hypoconnectivity, and EEG beta hypoconnectivity, were predicted by frequency and granularity only in AD.DISCUSSIONWord‐property analysis of fluency can boost AD characterization and diagnosis.Highlights We report novel word‐property analyses of verbal fluency in AD and bvFTD. Standard valid response counts captured deficits and brain patterns in both groups. Specific word properties (e.g., frequency, granularity) were altered only in AD. Such properties predicted cognitive and neural (MRI, fMRI, EEG) patterns in AD. Word‐property analysis of fluency can boost AD characterization and diagnosis.

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Comparison of achievement in anamnesis skills in on-site and online formative Objective Structured Clinical Exam

2023 , Mariana Jadue , Pilar Munitiz , Luz-María Torres , Marcelo Blacutt , Soledad Armijo-Rivera , REYES ARAMBURU, EDISON PABLO

Introduction: anamnesis is an initial step of the clinical reasoning process, which is taught throughout interviews to real or simulated patients. Its evaluation through OSCEs is widely disseminated, and in the context of a pandemic, the OSCE was adapted to be administered online. Objective: to compare the levels of achievement in anamnesis skills of two cohorts of medical students in formative OSCEs of semiology in on-site and online modality. Methods: using a blueprint established in 2017 and implemented for three years, competencies were identified that could be trained and evaluated online in third-year medical students. Telesimulations were performed with role play for anamnesis ability. Guided by a tutor, each student participated in 10 telesimulated anamnesis with peer roleplay and one anamnesis with a simulated pacientent. All of it in groups of 6 students. A formative TeleOSCE was implemented, evaluating the same skills of the year 2019 in a face-to-face training instance. In 2019 and 2020, 92 and 91 students participated respectively. The students' performance was compared in three identical scenarios. Results: at the cough, acute diarrhea, and knee pain screening scenarios, students in the 2020 cohort performed better than those in the 2019 cohort (p<0,001). Conclusions: for the development of anamnesis skill in third-year medical students, telesimulation-based teaching allows students to demonstrate adequate performance on a practical assessment administered online via TeleOSCE.

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Prevalence Distribution of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in the City of Osorno (Chile) in 2018, and Its Association with Fine Particulate Matter PM2.5 Air Pollution

2024 , Ricardo Fernández , Romina Peña , Jaime Bravo-Alvarado , Kevin R. Maisey , REYES ARAMBURU, EDISON PABLO , Daniel Ruiz-Plaza De Los Reyes , Rodrigo Márquez-Reyes

Outdoor air pollution and biomass smoke exposure are related to the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Since Osorno, Chile, is saturated with fine particulate matter (PM2.5), the aim of this work is to determine the prevalence distribution of COPD patients in the Primary Health Care (PHC) system in the city of Osorno, and its relationship with PM2.5. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on COPD patients enrolled in the six PHC centers (PHCCs) of the city to assess the adjusted prevalence (population over 40 years). Gender- and territory-associated odds ratios (ORs) were also determined. In addition, an urban analysis of the distribution of PM2.5 and an exploratory analysis of the spatial behavior of enrolled COPD patients through featured binning were carried out. In 2018, the city of Osorno had 809 enrolled COPD patients in the PHC system (55.1% female), with a 1.3% age-adjusted prevalence (inhabitants over 40 years old), which was 11.7% after underdiagnosis correction. The COPD patients were mainly between 70 and 79 years old (34.3%). The urban area under the administration of the PHCC Rahue Alto (PHCC-RA) had a higher OR (1.98 [1.73–2.26]) compared to the situation of the city. Also, air pollution (PM2.5) was the highest in the PHCC-RA area, which could account for the observed prevalence. The number of COPD patients in this area is the highest in the commune, which increases the risk of complications derived from the disease and air pollution. Thus, territories with the highest COPD prevalence have the largest OR, which could complicate patients’ condition due to the high levels of outdoor air pollution.

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Tau Platelets Correlate with Regional Brain Atrophy in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

2017 , SLACHEVSKY CHONCHOL, ANDREA MARÍA , Leonardo Guzmán-Martínez , Carolina Delgado , Pablo Reyes , Gonzalo A. Farías , Carlos Muñoz-Neira , Eduardo Bravo , Mauricio Farías , Patricia Flores , Cristian Garrido , James T. Becker , Oscar L. López , Ricardo B. Maccioni , Paulo Caramelli

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Are there interactions between acetylcholine- and ATP-induced responses at the level of a visceral sensory ganglion?

2006-08-30 , REYES ARAMBURU, EDISON PABLO , Alcayaga, Julio , Zapata, Patricio

We investigate possible interactions between acetylcholine (ACh)- and adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP)-induced responses of petrosal ganglion, where the perikarya of most sensory neurons of the glossopharyngeal nerve are located. Experiments were performed on petrosal ganglia excised from pentobarbitone-anesthetized cats, desheathed and perfused in vitro. Separate applications of ACh and ATP to the exposed surface of the ganglion induced bursts of antidromic potentials recorded from the carotid (sinus) nerve branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve, which frequencies were dependent on the dose of the applied agonists. The simultaneous application of previously determined ED50s of ACh and ATP provoked responses corresponding closely to the simple addition of the responses elicited by the separate application of each agent. Responses usually subsided within 1 min of stimuli application but were followed by periods of refractoriness to subsequent application of the same agent. After determining the timing for recovering from desensitization to the ED50s of ACh and ATP applied separately, ACh was applied while the preparation had been desensitized to ATP and then ATP was applied during desensitization to ACh, but responses obtained were similar to control responses induced by each agent separately. In summary, ACh- and ATP-induced responses of petrosal ganglion neurons are simply additive, followed by a few minute lasting desensitization, but cross-desensitization was not observed. Thus, ACh and ATP seem to operate through independent receptors, activating separate ionic channels, whose coincident currents do not interfere each other. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Sepsis progression to multiple organ dysfunction in carotid chemo/baro-denervated rats treated with lipopolysaccharide

2015 , Gino Nardocci , Aldo Martin , Sebastián Abarzúa , Jorge Rodríguez , Felipe Simon , REYES ARAMBURU, EDISON PABLO , Claudio Acuña-Castillo , Cristina Navarro , Paula P. Cortes , Ricardo Fernández

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Design of an eOSCE for the Chilean Healthcare Context

2022 , ZAMORANO URRUTIA, FRANCISCO JAVIER , Mauricio Reyes , Germán Espinoza , REYES ARAMBURU, EDISON PABLO

Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is the standard to assess and train clinical skills in healthcare students. However, conducting an OSCE demands expensive resources such as time, qualified personnel, and adequate facilities. The aim to provide more cost-effective examinations has promoted the emergence of electronic versions of OSCEs (eOSCEs). However, existing eOSCEs available in the market do not adequately adapt to diverse local contexts. For a Spanish-speaking country such as Chile, implementing foreign eOSCEs requires to adjust the examination to unfamiliar terminology, archetypes, and procedures, thus hindering the quality of the assessment. This article reports on the design of Ch-eOSCE, an eOSCE tailored for the Chilean local context and culture. Ch-eOSCE is comprised of a mobile application and a back-end system. A prototype of the application was developed and tested with three healthcare experts to gather their perception of usability and coherence, yielding an overall evaluation of 4.5 in a scale range of 5. The preliminary results reveal that Ch-eOSCE has the potential to become a viable solution for a context-specific eOSCE for the Chilean healthcare context.

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