Facultad de Gobierno
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Cooperation in social dilemmas: Biological Foundations and context-dependent social norms

2021 , RIVERA HECHEN, MARÍA IGNACIA

This dissertation explores biological and institutional factors determining human cooperation using an experimental economics approach. It includes two published articles. The first one is called “No association between genetic variants in MAOA, OXTR, and AVPR1a and cooperative strategies” and the second one is named “Effects of experience with access regimes on stewardship behaviors of small-scale fishers”. The first study explores the genetic basis of cooperative strategies in humans. To do so it assesses the association between the strategies displayed by university students in a public good game with the variability observed in three candidate genetic variants. The latter study explores the role played by formal institutions in fostering cooperative norms in groups of users of natural resources. To do this it compares the cooperative behaviors displayed by artisanal fishers in a common pool resource game framed under two scenarios. Each scenario recreates one of two access regimes these fishers face in their real life. The differences in behavior displayed between the two scenarios are suggestive of the norms and expectations that subjects have internalized under each access regime in real life

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La diplomacia parlamentaria chilena en la profundización de las relaciones entre Chile y China. 2000-2016

2020 , Recabarren Silva, Javier Eduardo , Yun-Tso Lee

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Overcoming Health Inequities: Spatial Analysis of Seroprevalence and Vaccination Against COVID-19 in Chile

2024 , Muriel Ramírez-Santana , Juan Correa , Loreto Núñez Franz , APABLAZA SALINAS, MAURICIO IVÁN , RUBILAR RAMIREZ, PAOLA ANDREA , VIAL COX, MARIA CECILIA , CORTES SALINAS, LINA JIMENA , HORMAZABAL CASTILLO, JUAN PATRICIO , Luis Canales , VIAL CLARO, PABLO AGUSTIN , AGUILERA SANHUEZA, XIMENA PAZ

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Effects of experience with access regimes on stewardship behaviors of small‐scale fishers

2021 , María I. Rivera‐Hechem , GUZMÁN PRICE, RICARDO , RODRÍGUEZ SICKERT, CARLOS ANDRÉS , Stefan Gelcich

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Alexandre Mendes Cunha and Carlos Eduardo Suprinyak, eds., The Political Economy of Latin American Independence, Routledge Studies in the History of Economics (New York: Routledge, 2016), pp. 302, $110 (hardcover). ISBN: 9781138644786.

2019 , COUYOUMDJIAN NETTLE, JUAN PABLO

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“It's not the what but (also) the how”: characterizing left-wing populism in political texts

2024 , RAVEAU MORALES, MARÍA PAZ , Claudio Fuentes-Bravo , FERNÁNDEZ PLAZA, MIGUEL ÁNGEL , COUYOUMDJIAN NETTLE, JUAN PABLO , DEL SOLAR ZAÑARTU, MARIA JOSE

Despite all the elasticity and even ambiguity surrounding the concept of populism, the existing paradigms converge in the recognition of a populist rhetoric. By using Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools we propose a set of linguistic and discursive markers to identify populist markers in Presidential speeches. The performance of these markers is subsequently tested against the Global Populism Database (GPD). We set-up a multinomial regression model to study the predictive power of these markers on the GPD populist score, focusing on left-wing populist leaders in Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America. We are thus able to characterize (left-wing) populism as a style of communication, as well as to understand what is behind this rhetoric. Our results show that ingroup and emotional content are more present in populist speeches. We also find a positive relation between populism and the use future tense and conditional connectors, which suggest an intention to manipulate the audience. These results have implications both for the current understanding of (left-wing) populist rhetoric and for the conceptualization of populism itself.

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Patients recovering from COVID-19 who presented with anosmia during their acute episode have behavioral, functional, and structural brain alterations

2024 , Leonie Kausel , Alejandra Figueroa-Vargas , José Zamorano-abramson , STECHER GUZMAN, XIMENA PATRICIA , Mauricio Aspé-Sánchez , Patricio Carvajal-Paredes , Victor Márquez-Rodríguez , María Paz Martínez-Molina , Claudio Román , Patricio Soto-Fernández , Gabriela Valdebenito-Oyarzo , Carla Manterola , Reinaldo Uribe-San-Martín , SILVA FUENTE ALBA, CLAUDIO SERGIO , Rodrigo Henríquez-Ch , Francisco Aboitiz , Rafael Polania , Pamela Guevara , MUÑOZ VENTURELLI, PAULA ANDREA , SOTO ICAZA, PATRICIA , BILLEKE BOBADILLA, PABLO ERNESTO

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Ecological rationality of moral intuitions: Exploring its description with GARP and its functionality with a jealousy evoking economic game

2020 , BARBATO EPPLE, MARÍA TERESA

This introductory theoretical framework describes the existing literature on the approaches that moral psychology has followed in recent years. Specifically, the advantages and disadvantages of constructing this discipline will be exposed using theories and methodologies from other areas such as: neuroscience, evolutionary psychology and microeconomics, which have visions that allow us to understand how individuals respond to their environment and allow us to build models around how and why moral intuitions arise. We will focus on the evolutionary vision that allows us to understand morality as rules that solve certain ancestral problems that are believed to be relevant to our ancestors. In this context, intuitions have an important role in cooperation and consequently in the reproductive success of humans, for this reason we will change the paradigm that exists in the literature on reason vs. intuition. In which intuitions are thought of irrational behavior due to their close link to emotions. We demonstrate that intuitions are rational and explore their functionality from an evolutionary perspective evoking the moral emotion of jealousy

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Quantitative evaluation of a theoretical-conceptual model based on affective and socio-behavioral dimensions to explain the academic performance of mathematics students

2024 , Felipe Marín-Álvarez , Luis Flores-Prado , FIGUEROA VALDEBENITO, ORIANA CRISTINA , POLO RODRIGO, PABLO , VARELA TORRES, JORGE JAVIER , MUÑOZ REYES, JOSÉ ANTONIO

ObjectiveThere is evidence that suggests that affective dimensions, personality traits, as well as students’ cooperative interpersonal interactions, are an important element in the students learning process. In this work we propose a theoretical model, based on evidence, that shows the direct and indirect relationships between these factors and academic performance in mathematics courses, in undergraduate and school students.MethodsTo understand the type of relationships between these variables, the PANAS psychometric test of positive and negative affect, the BIG FIVE personality test and the economic decision game DUPLES GAME were applied. The study sample was 130 students between 17 and 22 years of age from undergraduate and school (M ± SD = 20.1 ± 3.99).ResultsFrom a path analysis, statistically significant relationships were found, for example, a direct relationship between neuroticism and positive affect, which in turn is related to academic performance. We also found a direct relationship between neuroticism and negative affect, extraversion and positive affect. This allows us to propose that some of the independent variables of the model directly and indirectly influence the academic performance of students in the subject of mathematics.ConclusionPositive affect and negative affect directly affect academic performance in mathematics, neuroticism has a direct impact on negative affect and extraversion direct impact on positive affect. Consequently, there are direct and indirect relationships between personality traits and affective dimensions, which affect the academic performance of mathematics students.

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El enfoque del diálogo civilizacional desde América Latina

2016 , Isaac Caro , Isabel Rodríguez

Este artículo se enmarca en el debate teórico del paradigma del civilizacionismo en la disciplina de las relaciones internacionales, a partir de sus dos vertientes opuestas, la de choque de civilizaciones y la de diálogo de civilizaciones. El objetivo es demostrar su validez y aporte en la explicación teórica a problemas de la realidad internacional considerando tres niveles de análisis: internacional, regional, y local. En concreto, analizamos las propuestas de diálogo civilizacional y los encuentros de Alianza de Civilizaciones que tienen lugar en el marco de Naciones Unidas. Dicha tendencia global la explicaremos como problemática en América Latina tomando en consideración tres planes nacionales de Alianza de Civilizaciones, los de Argentina, Brasil y México, así como también analizaremos a nivel local ejemplos de diálogo institucionalizado que se registran en el caso argentino

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