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Resilience as Empathy Predictor in Nursing Students
(Universidad de Antioquia, 2025)
Víctor P. Díaz Narváez
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Kendy Madero Zambrano
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Natalia Fortich Mesa
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Vivi Hoyos Hoyos
;
Lindsey W. Vilca Quiro
Objective. To determine if resilience can predict empathy. Specifically, explain what would be the effect of the resilience dimensions on the dimensions of empathy in the nursing students examined in this study. Methods. Cross-sectional study with the participation of 340 nursing students from a private university in Colombia. Jefferson’s Empathy Scale (student version) and the Resilience-Trait Scale were used. The complete psychometry of the Empathy and Resilience scales was carried out, followed by the application of Structural Equations. Results. Ecological Resilience predicts negatively the dimensions of “Compassionate Care” (β = -0.11) and “Walking in the patient’s shoes” (β = -0.19); the Engineering Resilience predicts positively the dimension “Walking in the patient’s shoes” (β = 0.08). Conclusion. Overall, resilience predicts empathy, thereby, introducing empathetic training of nursing students in the population studied must also include training in resilience.</jats:p>
Scopus© Citations 1 5
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Resiliencia y empatía en estudiantes de ciencias de la salud
(Universidad Autonoma de Chile, 2025-05-07)
Víctor Patricio Diaz Narváez
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Mildred A. Sandoval
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Adán A. Acosta-Martínez
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Leida G. Monterroza
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REYES REYES, FERNANDO TEDDY
Introducción: Determinar si las dimensiones de la resiliencia son capaces de predecir las dimensiones de la empatía a partir de las puntuaciones de resiliencia individual en una muestra de estudiantes de ciencias de la salud. Métodos: La muestra estuvo compuesta por 1093 estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de El Salvador. Se calcularon estadísticas descriptivas para caracterizar la muestra y se estimó la predicción de las dimensiones de resiliencia sobre las de empatía mediante ecuaciones estructurales. Resultados: Se encontró que las dimensiones de resiliencia ingenieril y adaptativa predicen negativamente las dimensiones de empatía de adopción de perspectiva y cuidado compasivo, mientras que la dimensión ecológica predijo positivamente las dimensiones de empatía de adopción de perspectiva y cuidado compasivo. Conclusión: La resiliencia individual es una variable que puede influir en la empatía y predecir el comportamiento empático en estudiantes de diferentes carreras o programas de estudio pertenecientes a una Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Estos hallazgos proporcionan evidencia empírica que respalda el concepto de que la empatía puede definirse como una variable dependiente de la resiliencia individual. Es necesario incorporar la formación en resiliencia y empatía de forma coordinada en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de los estudiantes de ciencias de la salud.
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Interpretable multimodal classification for age-related macular degeneration diagnosis
(2024)
Carla Vairetti
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Sebastián Maldonado
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Loreto Cuitino
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URZUA SALINAS, CRISTHIAN
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Xu Yanwu
<jats:p>Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is an emerging machine learning field that has been successful in medical image analysis. Interpretable approaches are able to “unbox” the black-box decisions made by AI systems, aiding medical doctors to justify their diagnostics better. In this paper, we analyze the performance of three different XAI strategies for medical image analysis in ophthalmology. We consider a multimodal deep learning model that combines optical coherence tomography (OCT) and infrared reflectance (IR) imaging for the diagnosis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The classification model is able to achieve an accuracy of 0.94, performing better than other unimodal alternatives. We analyze the XAI methods in terms of their ability to identify retinal damage and ease of interpretation, concluding that grad-CAM and guided grad-CAM can be combined to have both a coarse visual justification and a fine-grained analysis of the retinal layers. We provide important insights and recommendations for practitioners on how to design automated and explainable screening tests based on the combination of two image sources.</jats:p>
Scopus© Citations 1
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Gastroenterology training in Latin America
(2011)
Henry Cohen
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SÁENZ FUENZALIDA, ROQUE LUIS
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de Almeida Troncon, Luiz E
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Lizarzabal, Maribel
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Carolina Olano
1Scopus© Citations 4
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Imitation of Novel Intransitive Body Actions in a Beluga Whale (Delphinapterus leucas): A “Do as Other Does” Study
(2023)
ZAMORANO ABRAMSON, JOSÉ FRANCISCO
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María Victoria Hernández-Lloreda
Cetaceans are well known for their unique behavioral habits, such as calls and tactics. The possibility that these are acquired through social learning continues to be explored. This study investigates the ability of a young beluga whale to imitate novel behaviors. Using a do-as-other-does paradigm, the subject observed the performance of a conspecific demonstrator involving familiar and novel behaviors. The subject: (1) learned a specific ‘copy’ command; (2) copied 100% of the demonstrator’s familiar behaviors and accurately reproduced two out of three novel actions; (3) achieved full matches on the first trial for a subset of familiar behaviors; and (4) demonstrated proficiency in coping with each familiar behavior as well as the two novel behaviors. This study provides the first experimental evidence of a beluga whale’s ability to imitate novel intransitive (non-object-oriented) body movements on command. These results contribute to our understanding of the remarkable ability of cetaceans, including dolphins, orcas, and now beluga whales, to engage in multimodal imitation involving sounds and movements. This ability, rarely documented in non-human animals, has significant implications for the development of survival strategies, such as the acquisition of knowledge about natal philopatry, migration routes, and traditional feeding areas, among these marine mammals.
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Implementation of a course on disruptive technologies for nursing students in Chile
(2023)
JORGE SEBASTIAN CONTRERAS ROMO
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ANDRES OCTAVIO CEPEDA SALAS
Several institutions and countries have recognized the need to integrate disruptive technologies in the training of health professionals. An elective course on disruptive technologies in health for nursing was developed, structured in 5 units: a) innovation in health and nursing, b) creation of apps and virtual environments, c) digital manufacturing for nursing, d) sensors and internet of things, and e) data science in health. For its implementation, the didactic model proposed by Jorba and Sanmartí was considered; and for the evaluation of the units and the impact of the course, Urquidi's extended model of technological adoption was used. Forty-four students participated (39 women and 5 men), with an average age of 23 years. According to the technology acceptance model, statistically significant differences were found between the pre- and post-intervention groups in all dimensions of the model (Wilcoxon test, p < 0.05). In addition, a positive correlation was found between ease of use, subjective norm and intention to use the technologies taught. The implementation of the disruptive technologies course proved to be effective in the development of technological skills among nursing students in Chile.
Scopus© Citations 1 1
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The Global Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery Workforce
(2023)
Beatriz Petrucci
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Samuel Okerosi
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Rolvix H. Patterson
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Sara B. Hobday
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Valerie Salano
<jats:sec id="ab-ooi230053-4"><jats:title>Importance</jats:title><jats:p>A core component of delivering care of head and neck diseases is an adequate workforce. The World Health Organization report, <jats:italic>Multi-Country Assessment of National Capacity to Provide Hearing Care</jats:italic>, captured primary workforce estimates from 68 member states in 2012, noting that response rates were a limitation and that updated more comprehensive data are needed.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec id="ab-ooi230053-5"><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>To establish comprehensive workforce metrics for global otolaryngology–head and neck surgery (OHNS) with updated data from more countries/territories.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec id="ab-ooi230053-6"><jats:title>Design, Setting, and Participants</jats:title><jats:p>A cross-sectional electronic survey characterizing the OHNS workforce was disseminated from February 10 to June 22, 2022, to professional society leaders, medical licensing boards, public health officials, and practicing OHNS clinicians.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec id="ab-ooi230053-7"><jats:title>Main Outcome</jats:title><jats:p>The OHNS workforce per capita, stratified by income and region.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec id="ab-ooi230053-8"><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Responses were collected from 121 of 195 countries/territories (62%). Survey responses specifically reported on OHNS workforce from 114 countries/territories representing 84% of the world’s population. The global OHNS clinician density was 2.19 (range, 0-61.7) OHNS clinicians per 100 000 population. The OHNS clinician density varied by World Bank income group with higher-income countries associated with a higher density of clinicians. Regionally, Europe had the highest clinician density (5.70 clinicians per 100 000 population) whereas Africa (0.18 clinicians per 100 000 population) and Southeast Asia (1.12 clinicians per 100 000 population) had the lowest. The OHNS clinicians deliver most of the surgical management of ear diseases and hearing care, rhinologic and sinus diseases, laryngeal disorders, and upper aerodigestive mucosal cancer globally.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec id="ab-ooi230053-9"><jats:title>Conclusion and Relevance</jats:title><jats:p>This cross-sectional survey study provides a comprehensive assessment of the global OHNS workforce. These results can guide focused investment in training and policy development to address disparities in the availability of OHNS clinicians.</jats:p></jats:sec>
Scopus© Citations 6 14
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Initial Validation of an Analytical Tool to Support Decision-making on Chronic Illness Management
(2013)
Claudia Bustamante
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Claudia Alcayaga
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PÉREZ EWERT, JANET CAROLA
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Solange Campos
<jats:p>Introducción: el apoyo a la toma de decisiones en salud facilita el automanejo de personas con enfermedades crónicas (EC). Ob- jetivo: validar la versión en español del DSAT-cdm: herramienta de análisis del apoyo en las decisiones para el manejo de EC, desa- rrollada por Stacey (2006). Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo que aplica un proceso sistemático que considera, entre otros: traducción-contratraducción, desarrollo de escenarios de simulación, entrenamiento de evaluadores, entrenamiento pacientes simulados y capacitación para participantes. Muestra: 15 profesionales y 2 jueces, obteniéndose 60 DSAT-cdm versión español aplicado (pre y pos capacitación). Resultados: el instrumento presentó confiabilidad aceptable en la aplicación entre-jueces y detectó la mejora en la calidad del apoyo a la toma de decisiones en los profesionales. Sin embargo, no se obtuvieron resultados que aportaran a la validez de criterio concurrente. Conclusiones: este estudio es la primera evaluación del DSAT-cdm en idioma español, el resultado principal indica que se detecta un cambio en el desempeño de profesionales para apoyar el proceso de toma de decisiones de sus pacientes y, a pesar estos hallazgos favorables, es necesario seguir evaluando el instrumento.</jats:p>
2
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Affective modulation of cognitive control: A systematic review of EEG studies
(2022)
Francisco Ahumada-Méndez
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Boris Lucero
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Alessio Avenanti
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Chiara Saracini
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María Teresa Muñoz-Quezada
Scopus© Citations 40 3
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Factores limitantes de la carga de entrenamiento físico en pandemia COVID-19
(2021)
Héctor Fuentes-Barría
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Raúl Aguilera-Eguía
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GONZÁLEZ WONG, CATALINA ANDREA
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