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    Scopus© Citations 23  1
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    Default Mode Network, Meditation, and Age-Associated Brain Changes: What Can We Learn from the Impact of Mental Training on Well-Being as a Psychotherapeutic Approach?
    (2019)
    Ricardo Ramírez-Barrantes
    ;
    Marcelo Arancibia
    ;
    Jana Stojanova
    ;
    ASPÉ SÁNCHEZ, MAURICIO ALEJANDRO  
    ;
    Claudio Córdova
    Aging is a physiological process accompanied by cognitive decline, principally in memory and executive functions. Alterations in the connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) have been found to participate in cognitive decline, as well as in several neurocognitive disorders. The DMN has antisynchronic activity with attentional networks (task-positive networks (TPN)), which are critical to executive function and memory. Findings pointing to the regulation of the DMN via activation of TPN suggest that it can be used as a strategy for neuroprotection. Meditation is a noninvasive and nonpharmacological technique proven to increase meta-awareness, a cognitive ability which involves the control of both networks. In this review, we discuss the possibility of facilitating healthy aging through the regulation of networks through meditation. We propose that by practicing specific types of meditation, cognitive decline could be slowed, promoting a healthy lifestyle, which may enhance the quality of life for the elderly.
    Scopus© Citations 38  1
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    Brain’s Energy After Stroke: From a Cellular Perspective Toward Behavior
    (2022)
    Juan José Mariman
    ;
    Enrique Lorca
    ;
    Carlo Biancardi
    ;
    Pablo Burgos
    ;
    Joel Álvarez-Ruf
    <jats:p>Stroke is a neurological condition that impacts activity performance and quality of life for survivors. While neurological impairments after the event explain the performance of patients in specific activities, the origin of such impairments has traditionally been explained as a consequence of structural and functional damage to the nervous system. However, there are important mechanisms related to energy efficiency (trade-off between biological functions and energy consumption) at different levels that can be related to these impairments and restrictions: first, at the neuronal level, where the availability of energy resources is the initial cause of the event, as well as determines the possibilities of spontaneous recovery. Second, at the level of neural networks, where the “small world” operation of the network is compromised after the stroke, implicating a high energetic cost and inefficiency in the information transfer, which is related to the neurological recovery and clinical status. Finally, at the behavioral level, the performance limitations are related to the highest cost of energy or augmented energy expenditure during the tasks to maintain the stability of the segment, system, body, and finally, the behavior of the patients. In other words, the postural homeostasis. In this way, we intend to provide a synthetic vision of the energy impact of stroke, from the particularities of the operation of the nervous system, its implications, as one of the determinant factors in the possibilities of neurological, functional, and behavioral recovery of our patients.</jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 2  1