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Subject: search.filters.subject.docosahexaenoic acid

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    Fish Oil Supplementation Attenuates Offspring’s Neurodevelopmental Changes Induced by a Maternal High-Fat Diet in a Rat Model
    (MDPI AG, 2025-05-21)
    Yasna Muñoz
    ;
    Heidy Kaune
    ;
    Alexies Dagnino-Subiabre
    ;
    Gonzalo Cruz
    ;
    Jorge Toledo
    <jats:p>Background/Objectives: A maternal high-fat diet (HFD) impairs brain structure in offspring. In turn, fish oil (FO) rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has neuroprotective effects. Therefore, we investigated whether maternal HFD exposure affected the neurological reflexes, neuron morphology, and n-3 PUFA levels in the cerebral cortex of the offspring and whether these effects were mitigated by maternal FO consumption. Methods: Female Sprague Dawley rats received a control diet (CD, 10% Kcal fat) or HFD (45% Kcal fat) five weeks before mating and throughout pregnancy and lactation. From mating, a subgroup of HFD was supplemented with 11.4% FO into the diet (HFD-FO). Neurological reflexes were evaluated from postnatal day (PND) 3 until PND20. Brains were removed at PND22 for neuron morphology analysis. Moreover, fatty acid composition and transcripts of genes encoding for factors associated with synapse transmission (SNAP-25), plasticity (BDNF), transport of DHA (MFSD2a), and inflammation (NF-κB and IL-1β) were quantified in prefrontal, motor, and auditory cortices. Results: FO diminished the effects of HFD on the number of thin and mushroom-shaped dendritic spines in the cerebral cortex in both sexes. It also reversed the HFD effects on the motor and auditory reflexes in female and male offspring, respectively. In males, FO up-regulated Bdnf transcript levels in the motor cortex compared with CD and HFD. In females, n-3 PUFAs were higher in HFD and HFD-FO than in CD in the auditory cortex. Conclusions: Our results highlight the protective role of maternal dietary n-3 PUFAs in counteracting the effects induced by HFD on the acquisition of neurological reflexes and neuronal morphology in the cerebral cortex of the offspring of both sexes.</jats:p>
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    Effects of a High-Fat Diet and Docosahexaenoic Acid during Pregnancy on Fatty Acid Composition in the Fetal Livers of Mice
    (2023)
    Daniela Álvarez
    ;
    Macarena Ortiz
    ;
    Gabriel Valdebenito
    ;
    Nicolás Crisosto
    ;
    Bárbara Echiburú
    <jats:p>A high-fat diet (HFD) during pregnancy promotes fat accumulation and reduces docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels in the liver of the offspring at postnatal ages, which can depend on fetal sex. However, the prenatal mechanisms behind these associations are still unclear. Thus, we analyzed if an HFD alters DHA content and the expression of molecules related to fatty acid (FA) metabolism in the fetal liver. Female C57BL/6 mice were fed a control diet or HFD for 4–6 weeks before pregnancy until the gestational day (GD) 17.5. A subgroup of each diet received DHA (100 mg/Kg) orally from GD 6.5 until 16.5. On GD 17.5, maternal livers, placentas, and livers from male and female fetuses were collected for FA profiling with gas-chromatography and gene expression of molecules related to FA metabolism using qPCR. PPAR-α protein expression was evaluated using Western blot. The gene expression of placental FA transporters was also assessed. An HFD increased eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and decreased DHA levels and protein expression of PPAR-α in the fetal livers of both sexes. DHA increased the gene expression of Ppara, Cpt1, and Acsl1 in the livers of female fetuses. Therefore, an HFD reduces DHA levels and PPAR-α, a master regulator of gene expression, in the fetal liver. In turn, the livers of female fetuses seem to be more sensitive to DHA action.</jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 2
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    The Ω-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid selectively induces apoptosis in tumor-derived cells and suppress tumor growth in gastric cancer
    (2021)
    Lorena Ortega
    ;
    Lorena Lobos-González
    ;
    Mauricio Reyna-Jeldes
    ;
    Daniela Cerda
    ;
    Erwin De la Fuente-Ortega
    Scopus© Citations 16  2
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    Scopus© Citations 6  1
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    Docosahexaenoic acid levels in erythrocytes and their association with the University Selection Test Outcomes in Chile
    (2018)
    Rodrigo Valenzuela
    ;
    Cynthia Barrera
    ;
    Yasna Orellana
    ;
    Atilio Almagià
    ;
    Violeta Arancibia
      8Scopus© Citations 3