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    Resilience as Empathy Predictor in Nursing Students
    (Universidad de Antioquia, 2025)
    Víctor P. Díaz Narváez
    ;
    Kendy Madero Zambrano
    ;
    Natalia Fortich Mesa
    ;
    Vivi Hoyos Hoyos
    ;
    Lindsey W. Vilca Quiro
    Objective. To determine if resilience can predict empathy. Specifically, explain what would be the effect of the resilience dimensions on the dimensions of empathy in the nursing students examined in this study. Methods. Cross-sectional study with the participation of 340 nursing students from a private university in Colombia. Jefferson’s Empathy Scale (student version) and the Resilience-Trait Scale were used. The complete psychometry of the Empathy and Resilience scales was carried out, followed by the application of Structural Equations. Results. Ecological Resilience predicts negatively the dimensions of “Compassionate Care” (β = -0.11) and “Walking in the patient’s shoes” (β = -0.19); the Engineering Resilience predicts positively the dimension “Walking in the patient’s shoes” (β = 0.08). Conclusion. Overall, resilience predicts empathy, thereby, introducing empathetic training of nursing students in the population studied must also include training in resilience.</jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 1  5
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    Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in Latin America: a global data share initiative
    (Elsevier BV, 2025-06)
    Juan I. Rojas
    ;
    Liliana Patrucco
    ;
    Edgardo Cristiano
    ;
    José I. Gortari
    ;
    Paola A. Ortiz Salas
    Scopus© Citations 2  1
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    White matter volume and microstructural integrity are associated with fatigue in relapsing multiple sclerosis
    (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-05-12)
    FIGUEROA VARGAS, ALEJANDRA MABEL  
    ;
    Sebastián Navarrete-Caro
    ;
    Claudia Cárcamo
    ;
    Ethel Ciampi
    ;
    Macarena Vásquez-Torres
      10
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      10
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    Impact of burnout on turnover, medical errors, medical leave and a cross-sectional study of contributing factors among Chilean physicians
    (BMJ, 2025-05)
    Francisco Villalón López
    ;
    Adrian P Mundt
    ;
    Alejandro Hirmas
    ;
    Rita M Rivera
    ;
    Rodrigo Guiloff
    Abstract Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, many physicians experienced burnout, underscoring the need to identify factors associated with this condition to develop effective prevention and treatment strategies. Objective To examine the relationship between physician burnout and individual factors, medical errors, medical leave and the work environment. Design A cross-sectional online survey conducted from November 2020 to December 2020. Participants Physicians registered with the Medical College of Chile. Setting Registered physicians working in Chile across primary, secondary and tertiary levels of healthcare. Primary outcomes Burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory for Human Services. Secondary outcomes Self-reported medical errors, medical leave and turnover. Independent variables Sociodemographic characteristics, personality factors, psychological well-being, mindfulness factors, self-compassion and work environment factors. Descriptive statistics, linear and logistic regressions and regression analyses with cross-validation using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) tests were applied. Results Of the 23 481 registered physicians, 795 (3.4%) completed the survey. The sample included 64.1% women, with a mean age of 37.7 years (SD=11.3). The prevalence of burnout syndrome was 20.4% based on strict criteria and 68.9% based on lax criteria. Burnout scores predicted days of medical leave (ß=0.086, p<0.01), turnover (ß=0.012, p<0.05) and perceived medical errors (ß=0.009, p<0.001). In contrast, burnout was inversely correlated with age (ß=−0.125, p<0.001), agreeableness as a personality trait (ß=−0.107, p<0.001), psychological well-being (ß=−0.248, p<0.001) and the mindfulness factor awareness (ß=−0.145, p<0.001). In the work environment, time pressure (ß=0.167, p<0.001) was positively associated with burnout among others. Conclusion Younger physicians may be prioritised for individual-level interventions, while addressing time pressure at the organisational level could help prevent burnout. However, longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the directionality of relationships with psychological factors.
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    Functional Capacity in Activities of Daily Living in the Alzheimer’s Disease Continuum
    (Wiley, 2024-12)
    Fernando Henriquez  
    ;
    Carmen Dominguez
    ;
    Fabrissio Grandi
    ;
    Cecilia Gonzalez Campo
    ;
    Patricio Riquelme Contreras
    The most common and prevalent dementia worldwide is Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is a continuum composed of Subjective Cognitive Impairment (SCD), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer’s Disease dementia (ADD) stage. One of the main clinical variables in patients with dementia is performance in functional capacity since its alterations are associated with poor prognosis and disease progression. Functional capacity is measured through activities of daily living (ADL), which are divided into three domains: i) Basic (BADL), ii) Instrumental (IADL), and iii) Advanced (AADL). The study aimed to characterize the performance of the different stages of the AD continuum in the ADL domains and their association with cognitive abilities.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method</jats:title><jats:p>A cross‐sectional study of subjects at different stages of the AD continuum was conducted: Healthy Controls (CTR) (n = 17), SCD (n = 77), MCI (n = 30), and ADD (n = 23), who were matched for age, sex, and education. ADLs were estimated using The Technology‐Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire (T‐ADLQ), which assesses the three domains and a total score. T‐ADLQ performance was compared across groups and correlated with cognitive ability instruments (ACE‐III and IFS).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Result</jats:title><jats:p>The results showed that patients with ADD performed worse on the BADL, IADL, and total ADLs compared to the other three groups. There were no significant differences between the CTR, SCD, and MCI on the BADL, IADL, and total ADLs. However, the AADL, in addition to differentiating the ADD patients from the other three groups, also showed differences between CTR and MCI subjects and between SCD and MCI subjects (Table 1 and Figure 1). The correlation study showed that AADL correlated significantly with global cognitive and executive function assessment (Figure 2).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>AADL shows progressive functional impairment at different stages of the AD continuum, which is further associated with global cognitive and executive function performances. As one progresses to a more advanced stage of the disease continuum, the performance of ADLs, especially AADLs, worsens, which could indicate a marker of disease progression, allowing for better patient follow‐up.
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    Obesogenicity perception of food environments in adults: A cross-sectional study in urban areas of Santiago, Chile
    (2024)
    Lorena Rodríguez Osiac
    ;
    Daniel Egaña Rojas
    ;
    Paulina Molina Carrasco
    ;
    Rodrigo Villegas Ríos
    ;
    Barbara Castillo Villalobos
    <jats:p>Introduction In Chile, there is a high prevalence of obesity, and most people have an inadequate quality of food. Food environments can constitute barriers that prevent healthy food choices and lead to overweight and obesity, as well as diet-related non-communicable diseases. There are international instruments that allow the characterization of food environments. In Chile, there are no studies on the perception of food environments. This study aimed to characterize the perception of obesogenicity of food environments in the urban Chilean population using an instrument previously validated in Chile. Methods This is a cross-sectional study with probabilistic sampling. The "Perceived Nutrition Environment Measures Survey", based on the Chilean model of food environments, was applied to 256 participants from two urban communities of the Metropolitan Region. Scores were calculated for the instrument items, which allowed calculating scores by environments included in the Chilean model of Food Environments. Negative scores were related to a higher obesogenic level. Results The results show that the domestic food environment is perceived as less obesogenic (median of 15.8 points), with more than 90% of households having fruits, vegetables, and legumes, even though the supply food environment was negative (median -0.19 points). However, about 50% of households had ultra-processed foods. The street food environment was perceived as the most obesogenic (median -1.91 points), with more than 60% of the participants indicating difficulty finding healthy options. Conclusions According to the level of obesogenicity of the environments studied, it is necessary to have public policies that improve them and ensure the availability and physical and economic access to healthy food, particularly in the food supply and public road environments.</jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 4  1
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    Obesity and cardio-metabolic risk factors among children and adolescents with cerebral palsy
    (2020)
    Salesa Barja
    ;
    Catalina Le Roy
    ;
    CECILIA MAGDALENA SEPULVEDA HARTARD
    ;
    MARIA LUISA GUZMAN GUTIERREZ
    ;
    Marithza Olivarez
    Scopus© Citations 10  1
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    Global Impact of COVID-19 on Stroke Care and IV Thrombolysis
    (2021)
    Raul G. Nogueira
    ;
    Muhammad M. Qureshi
    ;
    Mohamad Abdalkader
    ;
    Sheila Ouriques Martins
    ;
    Hiroshi Yamagami
    Scopus© Citations 87  9