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    Psychiatric genetics in the diverse landscape of Latin American populations
    (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-04-02)
    Estela M. Bruxel
    ;
    Diego L. Rovaris
    ;
    Sintia I. Belangero
    ;
    Gabriela Chavarría-Soley
    ;
    Alfredo B. Cuellar-Barboza
      4
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    Síndrome de Ovario Poliquístico y Salud Mental en Adolescentes
    (2024)
    María Rosario Matte
    ;
    Juan Pablo Del Rio
    ;
    Olga Fernández
    ;
    Nicolás Crisosto King
    <jats:p>El Síndrome de Ovario Poliquístico (SOP) es el desorden endocrino-metabólico más frecuente en las adolescentes. Se asocia a complicaciones metabólicas, cardiovasculares y reproductivas. Hallazgos recientes sugieren también una asociación con patología psiquiátrica, tanto en las pacientes afectadas como en su descendencia. En la presente actualización, se realizó una síntesis de la literatura reciente relativa a la salud mental en mujeres y adolescentes con SOP. Se realizó una búsqueda sistematizada en PubMed, Epistemonikos y Scielo de los artículos publicados en los últimos 5 años. Se confirmó que existe un aumento significativo del riesgo de presentar trastornos por ansiedad, depresión, trastornos alimenticios, trastorno obsesivo compulsivo, trastorno afectivo bipolar y psicosis en mujeres con SOP. Además, presentan riesgo de trastornos del neurodesarrollo, tales como trastorno del espectro autista y trastorno por déficit atencional e hiperactividad, tanto en ellas como en su descendencia. La hiperinsulinemia y el hiperandrogenismo podrían explicar parte de estas asociaciones, afectando la maduración del sistema nervioso central, especialmente durante la vida intrauterina y la adolescencia. El distrés derivado de las características fenotípicas físicas de la enfermedad también podría impactar la salud mental de las pacientes. Aún no se cuenta con suficientes estudios que expliquen el origen de esta correlación, ni tampoco con ensayos clínicos que aborden la salud mental de forma específica en estas pacientes. La evidencia actual sugiere la necesidad de evaluar activamente la salud mental de estas pacientes y coordinar a los distintos equipos de salud que intervengan en el manejo de la patología.</jats:p>
      1
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    Immigration, perceived discrimination and mental health: evidence from Venezuelan population living in Peru
    (2021)
    Benoît Mougenot
    ;
    Elard Amaya
    ;
    Edward Mezones-Holguin
    ;
    Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales
    ;
    CABIESES VALDES, BALTICA BEATRIZ  
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>The association between international migration and mental health is conditioned to several factors, and discrimination may play a significant role. Currently, Peru is one of the principal Venezuelan migrant-receiving countries in Latin America. There are around one million Venezuelan refugees and migrants in the country. This study evaluates the association between self-perceived discrimination and mental health problems in Venezuelan population living in Peru.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Method</jats:title> <jats:p>We analyzed data from the Venezuelan Population Residing in Peru Survey 2018, a nationally representative urban sample aimed at collecting information on several dimensions of Venezuelan population wellbeing. We applied logistic regression models to assess the association between self-perceived discrimination and mental health problems. Moreover, we applied the propensity score matching method as a robustness check of our results.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>Of 9487 Venezuelans surveyed, 6806 included complete information. From this sample, 6.3% reported mental health problems related to fear, anger, anxiety, or stress. Logistic regression models showed that Venezuelans who perceived being discriminated against had 2.4 higher odds of presenting mental health problems than their non-discriminated counterparts. Moreover, propensity score matching models showed that Venezuelans who perceived being discriminated against increased by 3.5 percentage points their probability of presenting mental health problems compared to their non-discriminated counterparts.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>There is evidence that self-perceived discrimination is associated with mental health deterioration in Venezuelan migrants living in Peru. Our findings are relevant in the current geopolitical context and could be useful in the decision making processes in international health.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
    Scopus© Citations 41  1
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    Updated clinical practice recommendations for managing adults with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
    (2023)
    Erik Boot
    ;
    Sólveig Óskarsdóttir
    ;
    Joanne C.Y. Loo
    ;
    Terrence Blaine Crowley
    ;
    Ani Orchanian-Cheff
    Scopus© Citations 76  2
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    Experiences and well-being of healthcare professionals working in the field of ultrasound in obstetrics and gynaecology as the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic were evolving: a cross-sectional survey study
    (2022)
    Tom Bourne
    ;
    Christopher Kyriacou
    ;
    Harsha Shah
    ;
    Jolien Ceusters
    ;
    Jessica Preisler
    <jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>Assess experience of healthcare professionals (HCPs) working with ultrasound in obstetrics and gynaecology during the evolving SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, given the new and unprecedented challenges involving viral exposure, personal protective equipment (PPE) and well-being.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design</jats:title><jats:p>Prospective cross-sectional survey study.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting</jats:title><jats:p>Online international survey. Single-best, open box and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questions.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants</jats:title><jats:p>The survey was sent to 35 509 HCPs in 124 countries and was open from 7 to 21 May 2020. 2237/3237 (69.1%) HCPs from 115 countries who consented to participate completed the survey. 1058 (47.3%) completed the HADS.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Primary outcome measures</jats:title><jats:p>Overall prevalence of SARS-CoV-2, depression and anxiety among HCPs in relation to country and PPE availability.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Analyses</jats:title><jats:p>Univariate analyses were used to investigate associations without generating erroneous causal conclusions.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Confirmed/suspected SARS-CoV-2 prevalence was 13.0%. PPE provision concerns were raised by 74.1% of participants; highest among trainees/resident physicians (83.9%) and among HCPs in Spain (89.7%). Most participants worked in self-perceived high-risk areas with SARS-CoV-2 (67.5%–87.0%), with proportionately more trainees interacting with suspected/confirmed infected patients (57.1% vs 24.2%–40.6%) and sonographers seeing more patients who did not wear a mask (33.3% vs 13.9%–7.9%). The most frequent PPE combination used was gloves and a surgical mask (22.3%). UK and US respondents reported spending less time self-isolating (8.8 days) and lower satisfaction with their national pandemic response (37.0%–43.0%). 19.8% and 8.8% of respondents met the criteria for moderate to severe anxiety and depression, respectively.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Reported prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in HCPs is consistent with literature findings. Most respondents used gloves and a surgical mask, with a greater SARS-CoV-2 prevalence compared with those using ‘full’ PPE. HCPs with the least agency (trainees and sonographers) were not only more likely to see high-risk patients but also less likely to be protected. A fifth of respondents reported moderate to severe anxiety.</jats:p></jats:sec>
      11Scopus© Citations 2
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    COVID-19 Aftermath: Exploring the Mental Health Emergency among Students at a Northern Italian University
    (2022)
    Alessandra Patrono
    ;
    Stefano Renzetti
    ;
    Angela Manco
    ;
    Paola Brunelli
    ;
    Stefanny M. Moncada
    <jats:p>In this study, we investigated the symptoms of physical and mental health associated with lifestyle changes due to a lockdown among the students of a university in Northern Italy, one of the most affected areas in Europe during the first wave of COVID-19. We examined the psychopathological variations in relation to mental health problems in a young population. The goal was to develop interventions to resolve these new psychosocial problems. From June to July 2020, students participated in an anonymous survey asking about habits and symptoms that emerged during the lockdown and the COVID-19 pandemic. Five health outcomes were assessed: digestive disorders; headaches; fear of COVID-19; panic and anxiety crises; and depression/sadness. The conditions and duration of the social isolation, lifestyle, SARS-CoV-2 infection in the household, financial situation, and productivity were considered in the analysis. A total of 3533 students completed the survey. The participants experienced headaches, depression and sadness, digestive disorders, a fear of COVID-19, and anxiety/panic crises. The duration of isolation was associated with an increased risk of digestive disorders, headaches, and COVID-19 fear. The female gender, medium–intense telephone usage, sleep quality, memory difficulties, and performance reduction were associated with an increased risk of the health outcomes. Future interventions should focus on promoting and implementing different habits with the support of health and university organizations.</jats:p>
      8Scopus© Citations 9
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    Scopus© Citations 1  16
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      8Scopus© Citations 25
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    Salud mental en madres en el período perinatal
    (2021)
    COO CALCAGNI, SOLEDAD  
    ;
    MIRA OLIVOS, ANDREA  
    ;
    María Ignacia García Valdés
    ;
    Paulina Zamudio Berrocal
    <jats:p>La gestación y el postparto son periodos de especial vulnerabilidad para el desarrollo de cuadros de salud mental materna, que impactan negativamente en la salud e interacción materno-infantil. La mayoría de los estudios se han enfocado en la depresión, siendo la ansiedad menos estudiada, pese a su alta prevalencia.Objetivos: Evaluar la prevalencia de tamizaje positivo para cuadros ansiosos y depresivos en una muestra de mujeres inscritas en centros de salud primaria públicos en Chile y la asociación de estos síntomas con los factores de riesgo específicos.Sujetos y Método: 158 mujeres completaron cuestionarios de auto reporte (Escala de Edimburgo y Escala de ansiedad perinatal) durante el tercer trimestre de gestación y a los 3 y 6 meses postparto. Se realizaron análisis para evaluar la prevalencia y evolución de los síntomas y posibles diferencias en salud mental de acuerdo a variables sociodemográficas.Resultados: Durante el periodo perinatal se identificó una prevalencia entre 41,3% y 44,3% de sintomatología ansiosa elevada y de 13,9% a 20,9% para los síntomas elevados de depresión. Se destaca la relevancia del apoyo percibido, nivel educacional materno y antecedentes de aborto espontáneo, para la salud mental de la mujer durante la transición a la maternidad.Conclusiones: Los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión perinatal son prevalentes, iniciativas para identificar a mujeres en riesgo y para promover factores protectores, como el apoyo social, son necesarias para aumentar el bienestar de las mujeres y sus familias.</jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 14  6
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    Scopus© Citations 18  5