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    Scopus© Citations 14  2
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    Anatomical dissociation of intracerebral signals for reward and punishment prediction errors in humans
    (2021)
    Maëlle C. M. Gueguen
    ;
    Alizée Lopez-Persem
    ;
    BILLEKE BOBADILLA, PABLO ERNESTO  
    ;
    Jean-Philippe Lachaux
    ;
    Sylvain Rheims
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Whether maximizing rewards and minimizing punishments rely on distinct brain systems remains debated, given inconsistent results coming from human neuroimaging and animal electrophysiology studies. Bridging the gap across techniques, we recorded intracerebral activity from twenty participants while they performed an instrumental learning task. We found that both reward and punishment prediction errors (PE), estimated from computational modeling of choice behavior, correlate positively with broadband gamma activity (BGA) in several brain regions. In all cases, BGA scaled positively with the outcome (reward or punishment versus nothing) and negatively with the expectation (predictability of reward or punishment). However, reward PE were better signaled in some regions (such as the ventromedial prefrontal and lateral orbitofrontal cortex), and punishment PE in other regions (such as the anterior insula and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). These regions might therefore belong to brain systems that differentially contribute to the repetition of rewarded choices and the avoidance of punished choices.</jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 48  1
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    Chigger Mites (Acariformes: Trombiculidae) of Chiloé Island, Chile, With Descriptions of Two New Species and New Data on the Genus<i>Herpetacarus</i>
    (2020)
    María Carolina Silva-de la Fuente
    ;
    Alexandr A Stekolnikov
    ;
    WEITZEL, THOMAS  
    ;
    Esperanza Beltrami
    ;
    Constanza Martínez-Valdebenito
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Three species of chigger mites are recorded in our collections from four species of cricetid rodents on Chiloé Island (southern Chile, Los Lagos Region), an area endemic to scrub typhus (Orientia sp.). Two species are described as new—Herpetacarus (Abonnencia) eloisae sp. nov. and Quadraseta chiloensis sp. nov. One species, Paratrombicula goffiStekolnikov and González-Acuña 2012, is for the first time recorded on a mammal host (one species of cricetid rodent), and its distribution is extended to the Los Lagos Region of Chile. The genus ProschoengastiaVercammen-Grandjean, 1967 is synonymized with the subgenus Herpetacarus (Abonnencia)Vercammen-Grandjean, 1960, and four new combinations are established: Herpetacarus (Abonnencia) herniosa (Brennan and Jones, 1961), comb. nov., Herpetacarus (Abonnencia) insolita (Brennan and Jones, 1961), comb. nov., Herpetacarus (Abonnencia) macrochaeta (Brennan and Jones, 1961), comb. nov., and Herpetacarus (Abonnencia) antarctica (Stekolnikov and Gonzalez-Acuña, 2015), comb. nov.</jats:p>
      1Scopus© Citations 18  1
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    Functional Dysconnectivity in Ventral Striatocortical Systems in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome
    (2021)
    Ángeles Tepper
    ;
    Analía Cuiza
    ;
    Luz María Alliende
    ;
    Carlos Mena
    ;
    Juan Pablo Ramirez-Mahaluf
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder that represents one of the greatest known risk factors for psychosis. Previous studies in psychotic subjects without the deletion have identified a dopaminergic dysfunction in striatal regions, and dysconnectivity of striatocortical systems, as an important mechanism in the emergence of psychosis. Here, we used resting-state functional MRI to examine striatocortical functional connectivity in 22q11.2DS patients. We used a 2 × 2 factorial design including 125 subjects (55 healthy controls, 28 22q11.2DS patients without a history of psychosis, 10 22q11.2DS patients with a history of psychosis, and 32 subjects with a history of psychosis without the deletion), allowing us to identify network effects related to the deletion and to the presence of psychosis. In line with previous results from psychotic patients without 22q11.2DS, we found that there was a dorsal to ventral gradient of hypo- to hyperstriatocortical connectivity related to psychosis across both patient groups. The 22q11.2DS was additionally associated with abnormal functional connectivity in ventral striatocortical networks, with no significant differences identified in the dorsal system. Abnormalities in the ventral striatocortical system observed in these individuals with high genetic risk to psychosis may thus reflect a marker of illness risk.</jats:p>
      1Scopus© Citations 6
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    Changes in body composition in patients following bariatric surgery: gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy
    (2019)
    Daiana Aparecida Quintiliano Scarpelli Dourado  
    ;
    Ana Cristina Palacio Agüero
    ;
    Isidora Andrea Lira Carballal
    ;
    Paula Tamara Navarro Cañete
    ;
    Valentina Orellana Guerrero
      25  1Scopus© Citations 8