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    Retrospective study on disparities in time-to-treatment by health insurance system in Chilean breast cancer patients
    (Medwave Estudios Limitada, 2025-04-10)
    ACEVEDO ROMO, JOHANNA PATRICIA  
    ;
    Teresa Ip
    ;
    Lea Maureira
    ;
    Cesar Sanchez
    ;
    Claudia Osorio
    Introduction Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in the Americas, and the second leading cause of cancer death. Disparities in the time to treatment can significantly impact patient outcomes and typically affect lower socioeconomic individuals and/or ethnic minorities. Our study sought to evaluate disparities in time to treatment at three health institutions in Chile according to their type of health insurance (public or private). Methods Our study analyzed a database of breast cancer patients diagnosed between 2017 and 2018. Analyses included descriptive statistics and a linear regression model that incorporated clinical and demographic variables. Additionally, using a proportional risks model, we analyzed the association between clinical variables and mortality. Results Public health insurance (National Health Fund, FONASA) was associated with longer time-to-treatment and extended treatment times versus private health insurance (Social Security Institutions, ISAPRE; p < 0.0001). As expected, a more advanced stage at diagnosis was associated with lower survival. Our proportional risks model found that age was a predictor of breast cancer mortality in stage II patients. Also, total treatment time significantly increased the risk of breast cancer mortality in stage I patients. Conversely, total treatment time did not affect mortality on stages II or III. Conclusions We found significant disparities in the time to treatment of Chilean breast cancer patients using FONASA versus private ISAPRE. FONASA patients experience delays in the initiation of treatment and longer total treatment times compared to their private insurance counterparts. Finally, longer time-to-treatment was associated with more advanced stages and increased mortality.
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    Infant Feeding and Information Sources in Chilean Families Who Reported Baby-Led Weaning as a Complementary Feeding Method
    (2021)
    Daiana Quintiliano-Scarpelli
    ;
    Nicole Lehmann
    ;
    Bárbara Castillo
    ;
    Estela Blanco
    <jats:p>Baby-Led Weaning (BLW) is a new and emerging method of introducing complementary feeding in solid consistency, without the use of a spoon and entirely guided by the baby. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the BLW approach in relation to compliance with basic components and sources of information in Chilean families. Using a cross-sectional design, we assessed early nutrition, including breastfeeding and foods offered, maternal/child characteristics and sources of information on BLW among a non-probabilistic sample of mothers of children &lt;24 months who reported practicing BLW (n = 261, median age = 28 years) in Chile. We found that 57.5% of mothers reported their child ate the same food as the family, 44.1% shared ≥3 meals with the family, 84.7% offered ≥3 foods at each meal and 75.6% reported only occasionally offering food with a spoon. The majority reported obtaining information on BLW from social media (82%). Moreover, 56% had offered cookies, 32% added salt and 9% sugar in the first 2 years. Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months related to higher odds of consuming family foods (OR = 2.45, 95% CI 1.24–4.84), while having received information from professional sources and social media related to lower odds (OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.22–0.88 and OR = 0.31, 95% CI 0.15–0.66, respectively). Those who had appropriate weight gain had lower odds of consuming ≥3 foods in meals (OR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.13–0.96). Among mothers who reported practicing BLW with their children, we observed a wide variety of feeding habits, sources of information and low compliance with the studied components. Eating the same food as the family was the most prevalent component and social media was the main source of information on BLW.</jats:p>
      6Scopus© Citations 13
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    Visión crítica de la modelación del efecto de propofol
    (2019)
    Pablo Sepúlveda
    ;
    M.C. Demaría
    Scopus© Citations 6  1
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      2Scopus© Citations 1
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    Impact of Low Ankle-Brachial Index on the Risk of Recurrent Vascular Events Insights From the OPTIC Registry
    (2019)
    Halim Abboud
    ;
    Linsay Monteiro Tavares
    ;
    Julien Labreuche
    ;
    Antonio Arauz
    ;
    Alan Bryer
    <jats:sec> <jats:title>Background and Purpose—</jats:title> <jats:p>Low ankle-brachial index (ABI) identifies a stroke subgroup with high risk of recurrent stroke, cardiovascular events, and death. However, limited data exist on the relationship between low ABI and stroke in low and middle-income countries. Therefore, we evaluated the prevalence of ABI ≤0.90 (which is diagnostic of peripheral artery disease) in nonembolic stroke patients or transient ischemic attack and assessed the correlation of low ABI with stroke risk, factors, and recurrent vascular events and death.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods—</jats:title> <jats:p>Patients ≥45 years with acute transient ischemic attack or minor ischemic strokes were recruited consecutively from over 17 low-income and middle-income countries (Latin America [1543 patients], Middle East [1041 patients], North Africa [834 patients], and South Africa [217 patients]). The ABI measurement was performed at a single visit. Stroke recurrence and risk of new vascular events were assessed after 24 months of follow-up.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Results—</jats:title> <jats:p> Among 3487 enrolled patients, abnormal ABI (&lt;0.9) was present in 22.3 %. Patients with an ABI of ≤0.9 were more likely ( <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &lt;0.05) to be male, older, and have a history of peripheral artery disease, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. During 2-year follow-up, the rate of major cardiovascular event was higher in patients with ABI &lt;0.9 than those with ABI ≥0.9 (Kaplan-Meier estimates, 22.5%; 95% CI, 19.6–25.8 versus 13.7%; 21.4–15.1; <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &lt;0.001), and when ABI was categorized into 4 groups (≤0.6; 95% CI, 0.6–0.9; 0.9–1; 1–1.4), the rate of major cardiovascular event was higher in those with ABI ≤0.6 than the other groups (Kaplan-Meier estimates, 32.6%; 95% CI, 21.0–48.3 for ABI≤0.6 versus 21.7%; 95% CI, 18.8–25.0 for ABI 0.6–0.9 versus 14.3%; 95% CI, 12.4–16.6 for ABI 0.9–1 versus 13.3%; 95% CI, 11.6–15.2 for ABI 1–1.4; <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &lt;0.001). </jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions—</jats:title> <jats:p>Among patients with nonembolic ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, those with low ABI had a higher rate of vascular events and death in this population. Screening for ABI in stroke patients may help identify patients at high risk of future events.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
      2Scopus© Citations 19
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    Biomechanical and geometric characterization of peroneus longus allografts with respect to age
    (2019)
    Andrew K. Wong
    ;
    CALVO RODRIGUEZ, RAFAEL  
    ;
    Benjamin C. Schaffler
    ;
    Ryan A. Nixon
    ;
    Leanza C. Carrero
    Scopus© Citations 6  26
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    Hand grip strength values in normal Chilean subjects
    (2019)
    Carolina Romero-Dapueto
    ;
    Jessica Mahn
    ;
    Gabriel Cavada
    ;
    Rodrigo Daza
    ;
    Víctor Ulloa
    Scopus© Citations 18  5