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    Perinatal Anxiety and Mother–Infant Health in Chile
    (Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024)
    COO CALCAGNI, SOLEDAD  
    ;
    Ana Flavia Bennett
    ;
    María Ignacia García
      2
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    Health Effects of Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia at a High Altitude among Chilean Miners: Rationale, Design, and Baseline Results of a Longitudinal Study
    (2021)
    Sergio Muñoz
    ;
    Carolina Nazzal
    ;
    Daniel Jimenez
    ;
    Patricia Frenz
    ;
    Patricia Flores
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Objectives</jats:title> <jats:p>This study aims to assess the health effects on mining workers of exposure to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) at high- and very high-altitude mining compared with similar work at lower altitudes in Chile, and it also aims to constitute the baseline of a 5-year follow-up study.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>We designed a cross-sectional study to assess health conditions in 483 miners working at 2 levels of altitude exposure: 336 working at a very high or high altitude (HA; 247 above 3900–4400 m, and 89 at 3000–3900 m), and 147 below 2400 m. Subjects were randomly selected in two stages. First, a selection of mines from a census of mines in each altitude stratum was made. Secondly, workers with less than 2 years of employment at each of the selected mines were recruited. The main outcomes measured at the baseline were mountain sickness, sleep alterations, hypertension, body mass index, and neurocognitive functions.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>Prevalence of acute mountain sickness (AMS) was 28.4% in the very high-altitude stratum (P = 0.0001 compared with the low stratum), and 71.7% experienced sleep disturbance (P = 0.02). The adjusted odds ratio for AMS was 9.2 (95% confidence interval: 5.2–16.3) when compared with the very high- and low-altitude groups. Motor processing speed and spatial working memory score were lower for the high-altitude group. Hypertension was lower in the highest-altitude subjects, which may be attributed to preoccupational screening even though this was not statistically significant.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>Despite longer periods of acclimatization to CIH, subjects continue to present AMS and sleep disturbance. Compromise of executive functions was detected, including working memory at HA. Further rigorous research is warranted to understand long-term health impacts of high-altitude mining, and to provide evidence-based policy recommendations.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
      6Scopus© Citations 9
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    Computer-Aided Ear Diagnosis System Based on CNN-LSTM Hybrid Learning Framework for Video Otoscopy Examination
    (2021)
    Michelle Viscaino
    ;
    Juan C. Maass
    ;
    Paul H. Delano
    ;
    Fernando Auat Cheein
    Scopus© Citations 15  3
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    Cluster of Imported Vivax Malaria in Travelers Returning From Peru
    (2015)
    Thomas Weitzel  
    ;
    Jaime Labarca
    ;
    Claudia P. Cortes
    ;
    Reinaldo Rosas
    ;
    M. Elvira Balcells
      4Scopus© Citations 3
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      1Scopus© Citations 11  1
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    Gold nanoparticle based double-labeling of melanoma extracellular vesicles to determine the specificity of uptake by cells and preferential accumulation in small metastatic lung tumors
    (2020)
    Pablo Lara
    ;
    Sujey Palma-Florez
    ;
    Edison Salas-Huenuleo
    ;
    Iva Polakovicova
    ;
    Simón Guerrero
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown great potential for targeted therapy, as they have a natural ability to pass through biological barriers and, depending on their origin, can preferentially accumulate at defined sites, including tumors. Analyzing the potential of EVs to target specific cells remains challenging, considering the unspecific binding of lipophilic tracers to other proteins, the limitations of fluorescence for deep tissue imaging and the effect of external labeling strategies on their natural tropism. In this work, we determined the cell-type specific tropism of B16F10-EVs towards cancer cell and metastatic tumors by using fluorescence analysis and quantitative gold labeling measurements. Surface functionalization of plasmonic gold nanoparticles was used to promote indirect labeling of EVs without affecting size distribution, polydispersity, surface charge, protein markers, cell uptake or in vivo biodistribution. Double-labeled EVs with gold and fluorescent dyes were injected into animals developing metastatic lung nodules and analyzed by fluorescence/computer tomography imaging, quantitative neutron activation analysis and gold-enhanced optical microscopy.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>We determined that B16F10 cells preferentially take up their own EVs, when compared with colon adenocarcinoma, macrophage and kidney cell-derived EVs. In addition, we were able to detect the preferential accumulation of B16F10 EVs in small metastatic tumors located in lungs when compared with the rest of the organs, as well as their precise distribution between tumor vessels, alveolus and tumor nodules by histological analysis. Finally, we observed that tumor EVs can be used as effective vectors to increase gold nanoparticle delivery towards metastatic nodules.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>Our findings provide a valuable tool to study the distribution and interaction of EVs in mice and a novel strategy to improve the targeting of gold nanoparticles to cancer cells and metastatic nodules by using the natural properties of malignant EVs.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
      11  1Scopus© Citations 88